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Protective Effects of Hyperoside against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Damage in Mice
Choi, Jun-Ho,Kim, Dong-Wook,Yun, Nari,Choi, Jae-Sue,Islam, Md. Nurul,Kim, Yeong-Shik,Lee, Sun-Mee American Chemical Society and American Society of 2011 Journal of natural products Vol.74 No.5
<P>In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of hyperoside (<B>1</B>), a flavonoid glycoside isolated from <I>Artemisia capillaris</I>, have been examined against carbon tetrachloride (CCl<SUB>4</SUB>)-induced liver injury. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with vehicle or <B>1</B> (50, 100, and 200 mg·kg<SUP>−1</SUP>) 30 min before and 2 h after CCl<SUB>4</SUB> (20 μL·kg<SUP>−1</SUP>) injection. Levels of serum aminotransferases were increased 24 h after CCl<SUB>4</SUB> injection, and these increases were attenuated by <B>1</B>. Histological analysis showed that <B>1</B> prevented portal inflammation, centrizonal necrosis, and Kupffer cell hyperplasia. Lipid peroxidation was increased and hepatic glutathione content was decreased significantly after CCl<SUB>4</SUB> treatment, and these changes were reduced by administration of <B>1</B>. Protein and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) significantly increased after CCl<SUB>4</SUB> injection. Compound <B>1</B> suppressed TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 protein and mRNA expression and augmented HO-1 protein and mRNA expression and Nrf2 nuclear protein expression. These results suggest that <B>1</B> has protective effects against CCl<SUB>4</SUB>-induced acute liver injury, and this protection is likely due to enhancement of the antioxidative defense system and suppression of the inflammatory response.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jnprdf/2011/jnprdf.2011.74.issue-5/np200001x/production/images/medium/np-2011-00001x_0006.gif'></P>
Choi, Seunghwan,Kim, Joohwan,Kim, Ji-Hee,Lee, Dong-Keon,Park, Wonjin,Park, Minsik,Kim, Suji,Hwang, Jong Yun,Won, Moo-Ho,Choi, Yoon Kyung,Ryoo, Sungwoo,Ha, Kwon-Soo,Kwon, Young-Guen,Kim, Young-Myeong Nature Publishing Group 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.11
<P>Heme oxygenase-1-derived carbon monoxide prevents inflammatory vascular disorders. To date, there is no clear evidence that HO-1/CO prevents endothelial dysfunction associated with the downregulation of endothelial NO synthesis in human endothelial cells stimulated with TNF-α. Here, we found that the CO-releasing compound CORM-2 prevented TNF-α-mediated decreases in eNOS expression and NO/cGMP production, without affecting eNOS promoter activity, by maintaining the functional activity of the <I>eNOS</I> mRNA 3′-untranslated region. By contrast, CORM-2 inhibited MIR155HG expression and miR-155-5p biogenesis in TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells, resulting in recovery of the 3′-UTR activity of <I>eNOS</I> mRNA, a target of miR-155-5p. The beneficial effect of CORM-2 was blocked by an NF-κB inhibitor, a miR-155-5p mimic, a HO-1 inhibitor and siRNA against HO-1, indicating that CO rescues TNF-α-induced eNOS downregulation through NF-κB-responsive miR-155-5p expression via HO-1 induction; similar protective effects of ectopic HO-1 expression and bilirubin were observed in endothelial cells treated with TNF-α. Moreover, heme degradation products, except iron and <I>N</I>-acetylcysteine prevented H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-mediated miR-155-5p biogenesis and eNOS downregulation. These data demonstrate that CO prevents TNF-α-mediated eNOS downregulation by inhibiting redox-sensitive miR-155-5p biogenesis through a positive forward circuit between CO and HO-1 induction. This circuit may play an important preventive role in inflammatory endothelial dysfunction associated with human vascular diseases.</P>
Vascular Protective Role of Samul-Tang in HUVECs: Involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 and NO
Choi, Eun Sik,Lee, Yun Jung,Seo, Chang Seob,Yoon, Jung Joo,Han, Byung Hyuk,Park, Min Cheol,Kang, Dae Gill,Lee, Ho Sub Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2016 No.-
<P>Samul-Tang (Si-Wu-Tang, SMT), composed of four medicinal herbs, is a well-known herbal formula treating hematological disorder or gynecologic disease. However, vascular protective effects of SMT and its molecular mechanisms on the vascular endothelium, known as the central spot of vascular inflammatory process, are not reported. The aim of this study was to investigate vascular protective effects of SMT water extract in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Water extract of SMT was prepared and identified by HPLC-PDA analysis. Expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-<I>κ</I>B) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were determined by western blot. Nuclear localization of NF-<I>κ</I>B and Nrf2 was visualized by immunofluorescence and DNA binding activity of NF-<I>κ</I>B was measured. ROS production, HL-60 monocyte adhesion, and intracellular nitric oxide (NO) were also measured using a fluorescent indicator. SMT suppressed NF-<I>κ</I>B translocation and activation as well as expression of CAMs, monocyte adhesion, and ROS production induced by TNF-<I>α</I> in HUVECs. SMT treated HUVECs showed upregulation of HO-1 and NO which are responsible for vascular protective action. Our study suggests that SMT, a traditionally used herbal formula, protects the vascular endothelium from inflammation and might be used as a promising vascular protective drug.</P>
PC U형의 단면을 사용한 포스트텐션된 넓은 보-기둥 내부접합부의 비탄성 거동
최윤철,임재형,문정호,이리형,권기혁 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.1
Post-tensioned precast concrete system(PPS) consists of U-shaped precast wide beams and concrete columns. The continuity of beam-column joint is provided with the topping concrete on the PC shell beam and post-tensioning. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the response of PPS interior beam-column joint subjected to cyclic lateral loading. To this end, the experimental investigation was performed with three half-scale specimens of interior connection. The design parameter is the ratio of beam width to column width. Test results showed that cracks were distributed well and plastic hinges spread toward midspan without any significant degradation of strength and ductility. And the specimens sufficiently resisted up to the limiting drift ratio of 0.035 given by ACI of acceptance criteria for concrete special moment frames.
입원한 정신분열병 환자의 종합 검사 중 로샤 검사의 대응 손상 지표(Coping Deficit Index) 수준과 다른 검사들 간의 관계 연구
최윤희,김재환,이영호 가톨릭대학교 사회과학연구소 2005 社會科學硏究 Vol.21 No.-
본 연구는 정신분열병 집단 내에서 로샤 검사의 대응 손상 지표 수준과 다른 검사들의 수행 간의 관계를 통해 한 검사에서 보이는 지표가 다른 검사에서 어떻게 나타나는지 확인하고자 하였다. 정신과 입원 환자 중 정신분열병으로 진단된 환자들을 로샤 검사의 대응 손상 지표 수준에 따라 집단1(CD1=<3)과 집단2(CDI>3)와 같이 두 집단으로 나누었다. 이들을 대상으로 K-WAIS, MMPI, SCL-90-R 검사와 같이 객관적 채점 및 해석이 가능한 변인을 고찰하였다. 연구 결과, K-WAIS 검사의 상식 소검사, 어휘 소검사, 이해 소검사, 공통성 소검사, 언어성 지능 및 전체 지능에서 두 집단 간에 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 그러나 이를 제외한 K-WAIS의 나머지 소검사들과 동작성 지능에서는 차이가 유의미하지 않았으며, MMPI와 SCL-90-R 검사의 소척도들에서도 집단 간에 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 끝으로 본 연구의 제한점 및 향후 연구 방향이 논의되었다. The purpose of this study was to explore how the signs of a psychological test could be manifested in the other test. The subjects groups consisted of following: group 1(CDI=<3), group 2(CDI>3). The results are as follows: First, the group 1 showed greater performance than group 2 in the K-WAIS subtests as information, vocabulary, comprehension, similarities, verbal intelligence quotient and full scale intelligence quotient. But there was no significant results on the other subtests. Second, there were no significant differences in the subtests of the MMPI nor the SCL-90-R between the group 1 and group 2. In conclusion, research implications, limitations of the study and suggestions for future studies were discussed.
예비수학교사의 신념에 따른 교수학적 내용지식(PCK)과의 관련성에 관한 연구
고상숙,김은호,문정윤,배지은,정대진 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2011 교과교육학연구 Vol.15 No.4
This study investigated the relationship between PCK (Pedagogical Content Knowledge) and pre-service mathematics teachers' mathematical beliefs, and the effects of PCK on their teaching. The data were collected through pre & post interviews, a questionnaire, and classroom observations of six pre-service mathematics teachers who were taking their field practica in their senior year. The results indicate that the pre-service mathematics teachers' differing beliefs about the nature of mathematics affected their PCK. This study showed the relationship between their beliefs about teaching and the learning of mathematics and PCK. It is recommended that more opportunities for PCK development, as well as for modifications in of their beliefs have to be offered in education programs for pre-service mathematics teachers. 본 연구의 목적은 예비수학교사들의 수학적 신념과 수업에서 발현된 교수학적 내용지식(PCK)의 특징을 알아보고, 이를 통해 수학적 신념에 따른 PCK의 관련성에 대해 분석하는 것이다. 이 연구는 교육실습 중인 예비수학교사 6명을 대상으로 실시한 PCK 설문지, 인터뷰 자료, 수업관찰 자료를 분석하는 질적 연구 방법을 토대로 하였다. 연구결과, 예비수학교사들의 다양한 수학 본질에 대한 신념은 PCK에 서로 다른 영향을 주었으며, 수학 교수-학습에 대한 신념과 PCK사이에는 밀접한 관련성이 있음을 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 신념과 교수학적 내용지식(PCK)을 함께 발달시킬 수 있는 예비교사 연수 및 지원 프로그램의 확충이 필요하다.
Dopamine Transporter Gene의 다형성과 알코올 의존증의 관련
최윤정,방승규,김정진,도규영,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.4
연구목적 : 도파민계는 알코올 추구와 같은 알코올 의존증과 관련된 행동에 중요한 역할을 한다. Dopamine transporter(DAT1)는 신경연접부위에서 도파민 재흡수에 관여하여 도파민 활성을 종결시키는 물질로 알려져 있다. 그러므로, DAT1 유전자가 알코올 의존증에 대한 감수성에 영향을 줄 수 있다. DAT1 유전자는 다형성을 보이는 반복된 40개의 염기서열(VNTR)을 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 DAT1 유전자 다형성과 알코올 의존증 및 알코올 의존증의 임상변인과의 관련성에 대하여 알아보았다. 방 법 : 알코올 의존증 환자 94명과 정상대조군 113명을 대상으로 말초혈액을 채취하여 분리된 DNA의 DAT1 유전자를 DNA 중합효소연쇄반응으로 증폭하였다. 증폭된 산물을 15% polyacrylamide gel에서 전기영동하여 나타나는 띠의 크기에 따라 유전자형을 구분하였다. 자료의 통계적 처리는 Fisher's exact test, oneway ANOVA를 사용하였다. 결 과 : 환자군과 정상대조군의 유전자형은 모두 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium의 예상치와 유의한 차이가 없었다. 대립유전자는 7 repeats, 9 repeats, 10 repeats, 11 repeats의 4가지 종류로 구분되었고, 유전자형은 7/7 repeats, 7/10 repeats, 9/10 repeats, 10/10 repeats, 10/11 repeats의 5가지 형태를 보였다. 환자군과 대조군간에 DAT1 유전자형 및 대립유전자 빈도는 유의한 차이가 없었고, DAT1 유전자형에 따른 음주 시작 연령, 알코올 의존증의 발병 연령 및 잠복기간에서도 차이가 없었다. 알코올 의존증의 가족력이 있는 환자군과 없는 환자군은 DAT1 유전자형의 빈도에서 차이가 있는 경향을 보였고(χ²=6.912, p=0.081), DAT1 대립유전자의 빈도에서도 유의한 차이가 있었으며(χ²=10.193, p=0.008), lambda값은 0.046였다. 결 론 : DAT1 유전자의 다형성이 알코올 의존증의 유전적 소인이 될 가능성은 적은 것으로 보이나, 알코올 의존증의 가족내 유전과는 관련있을 것으로 시사된다. Objectives : Alcoholism is known to be a heritable disease. It has been hypothesized that dopaminergic systems play an important heritable role in human behavor related to alcohol dependence, such as alcohol seeking. Therefore, genes involved in this pathway, including dopamine transporter(DAT1), which is responsible for taking released dopamine back up into presynaptic terminals and terminating dopaminergic activity, are potential candidate that may affect susceptibility to alcoholism. Analysis of a 40-base pair(bp) repeat(VNTR) in the 3' untranslated region of the DAT1 gene revealed variable number of the repeat ranging from 3 to 11 copies. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the association between alcoholism and VNTR polymorphism of DAT1. Methods : Genomic DNA analysis with polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to identify the presence of a VNTR polymorphism. It was carried out within a group of 94 alcoholic patients and 113 normal controls. Results : 1) There were no significant differences in allelic or genotype frequencies between the group of alcoholic patients and controls. 2) There were no significant differences in the first drinking age, onset age and latency of alcoholism according to DAT1 genotypes. 3) There was a significant difference in allelic frequencies between alcoholics with family history and those without family history. Conclusions : These results suggested that VNTR polymorphism of DAT1 is unlikely to be a factor in the genetic etiology of alcoholism, but might be related to familial transmission of alcoholism.
崔秉昊,徐景錫,吳允根 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2
우리나라 主要河川의 感潮區間에서의 水位觀測은 1910年代부터 시작되었으나 感潮區間의 潮汐變化를 判別키 위한 이 長期資料의 徹底한 分析은 遂行된 바 없다. 本 硏究에서는 利用可能한 漢江, 錦江感潮區間에서의 5個所(顚類, 金浦大橋, 玉浦, 笠浦, 江景)의 感潮水位資料를 分析하기 위한 初期努力이 試圖되었다. 原記錄曲線으로부터 每時間別로 編輯된 水位資料로부터 統計的 變數들과 潮汐의 調和常敎를 구했는데 檢討結果에 의하면 旣存水位資料들은 不適合한 觀測體系 및 記錄體系 때문에 資料의 質은 극히 不良하였다. Observations of the water levels in the tidal reaches of major rivers in South Korea have been made since 1910s. But these extended records have never been subjected to intensive analysis to identify the tidal variation in the shallow rivers. In the present study, an initial attempt was made to analyze the available tidal data at five gauging stations(Jeonryu, Kimpo Bridge, Okpo, lbpo and Ganggyeong) in the Han River and the Keum River. Statistical parameters and harmonic constants were obtained from edited hourly water levels taken from original water level curves. It was found that existing data were seriously corrupted by improper measurement and recording system.