정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Clinical Significance of Classification of Graves` Disease According to the Characteristics of TSH receptor Antibodies

(Won Bae Kim),(Hyun Kyung Chung),(Young Joo Park),(Do Joon Park),(Hong Kyu Lee),(Bo Youn Cho) 대한내과학회 2001 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.16 No.3

N/A Background:It has been widely accepted that the epitope (s) and/or functional characteristics of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TSHRAb) from Graves` patients are heterogenous among patients. However, the clinical significance of such heterogeneity has not been systematically evaluatedyet. We were to elucidate and find the clinical significance of heterogeneity for TSH receptor antibodies in Graves` disease. Methods:We measured stimulating TSHRAb (TSAb) activities using CHO-hTSHR cells, FRTL-5 cells and chimeric receptor expressing cells (Mc1+2 and Mc2), specific blocking TSHRAb (TSBAb) activities using Mc2 cells and TBII activities using porcine thyroid membrane in 136 patients with untreated hyperthyroid Graves` disease. Results: Based on various TSHRAb activities from each patient, the patients could be categorized into 7 subgroups by cluster analysis; 1) Group 1 (n=41) was characterized by moderate TSAb activities bothin CHO-hTSHR cells and in FRTL-5 cells, typical TSAb epitope, rare blocking antibodies and high TBII activities. 2) Group 2 (n=16) was characterized by the presence of blocking TSHRAb in most patients, albeit the other characteristics were the same as those in Group 1. 3) Group 3 (n=19) patients had low TSAb activities bothin CHO-hTSHR cells and in FRTL-5 cells, seldom had blocking TSHRAb, but they had high TBII activities. 4) Group 4 (n=30) could be categorized as `mild disease` group, as they had low activities in all kinds of TSHRAb assay and had low antim icrosomal antibody activities. 5) Group 5 (n=14) was characterized by moderate TSAb activities with atypical epitope (s), rare blocking TSHRAb and moderate TBII activities. 6) Group 6 (n=10) patients had veryhigh TSAb activities with typical epitopes, seldom blocking TSHRAb and low TBII activities. 7) Group 7 (n=6) was characterized by very high TSAb activities with atypical epitopes and high TBII activities. Pretreatment serum thyroid hormone level was low only in group 4 patients compared to the other 6 groups (p<0.05). The size of goiter was significantly larger in those in group 1 and group 3 (p<0.05) compared to the other 5 groups. The prevalence of clinically significant ophthalmopathy was higher in group 2 patients than the other 6 groups (50%vs.27.5%,p=0.06). Among 6 kinds of TSHRAb activities, only the blocking TSHRAb activity was significantly associated with the presence of ophthalmopathy in multivariate analysis. Conclusion:These results suggest that the differences inepitopes for TSAb or the presence of blocking TSHRAb is not a major factor in determining the degree of thyrotoxicosis in Graves` disease. Although the pathogenic mechanism is not clearyet, we suggest that patients with ophthalmopathy have different TSHRAb repertoire from those without ophthalmopathy in Graves` disease.

백서 치아 발거후 잔존 치주인대가 발치와의 치조골 재건에 미치는 영향

조성훈,허익,박준봉,이만섭,권영혁 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of the periodontal ligament on the healing and the formation of alveolar bone in the extraction socket, when this ligament had artificially remained in the socket during the tooth removal. Twenty rats aged 4 weeks were used and devided into the control groups (10) and the experimental groups (10) in this study. The maxillary right and left first molars were extracted in both groups. In the experimental groups the periodontal ligament was remained in the extraction sockets using 0.4% fl-aminopropionitrile, and in the control the periodontal ligament was completely removed by curettage. At 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after the tooth extraction, rats in both groups were serially sacrificed. And the specimens were prepared with HematoxyIin-Eosin stain for the light microscopic evaluation. The results ofthis study were as follows ; 1. On 1 day, the periodontal Iigament was only found in the extraction socket walls of the experimental groups, and there was not the distinguishable difference between the control and the experimental groups. 2. On 3 days, there were more collagen fibers and the appearance of higher cellular density in the experimental groups than in the control. And the cells and collagen of the periodontal ligament were so actively proliferated and synthesized that invaded into the connective tissue of the extraction sockets in the experimental groups. 3. In the experimental groups, the trabecular bone was formed on the basal and lateral bone surface on 5 days. However, there was not the new bone forming appearance in the control groups at this time. 4. On 7 days, the trabecular bone was formed in the control groups. 5. On 14 days, the extraction sockets were almost entirely filled with the bony trabeculae in both groups. But, compared to the control group, the experimental groups showed the prominent differences in the amount & the density of the new bone formed. In conclusion, it was suggested that the residual periodontal ligament tissue in the extraction socket will play a major role as the important cell source in the healing and the new bone formation of the extraction socket.

직선화된 와이어의 버 없는 전단기 개발에 관한 연구

조준원,김웅겸,김헌영,김병의 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2005 産業技術硏究 Vol.25 No.B

Micro wires manufactured by the straightening process are used in the BT(Bio-Technology), IT(Information-technology), NT(Nano-Technology). We have developed a novel wire straightener which uses the direct heating method(DHM) for straightening the micro wire and shearing device for burr-less cutting. In this study, we confirm the tendency of micro wire after the shearing process. It is impossible to remove the burr in the shearing process. However, the embodiment of minimum burr size after the shearing process is the best in-process method. In order to minimize the burr size, we have accomplished the various experiment condition such as the U-groove, the effect of counter punch, the shear angle, clearance.

수평횡파형 유도초음파 산란에 대한 혼합형 경계요소 모델링

조윤호,이준현,Rose, J. L.,정상훈,장영익,이원근 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Overlap에서의 유도 초음파 산란에 대한 정량적인 예측을 가능하게 하고 유도 초음파를 이용한 효율적인 NDE가 overlap 구조물들에서 수행되어지기 위해서 혼합형 경계요소법을 이용하였다. 다양한 joint를 가진 다층 구조물에서 적절한 모드를 선택하고 주파수를 조정함으로써 수행되어졌다. 두께의 차이에 의한 전달과 반사의 값들의 변화를 살펴보고 정해진 형상에서의 주파수 증가와 다수의 파동을 포함한 긴 overlap 길이를 가진 모델에 대한 산란 선도의 변동을 보여주게 된다.

만성 화농성 중이염의 세균학적 고찰

조남순,이영훈,강기훈,최제환,송태현,이병돈,장혁순,강주원,김연준 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Background and Objectives : Chronic suppurative otitis media is one of the frequent diseases in otolaryngologic field. It is important to choose of antibiotics in the management of infectious disease. But the organisms in infections have been changed and resistance to antibiotics has been grown as the development of antibiotics has been achieved. And so it has been necessary to recognize the changes of organisms and resistance in antibiotics. Our study was performed to identify the pathogens isolated from discharges in chronic otitis media and evaluate the antibiotic agents, to recognize the change of to resistance to·antibiotic agents and to use the appropriate anitiotics. Materials and Methods : Retrospectively, authors reviewed the backeriologic study of 114 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media who visited the Department of Otolaryngology, Soonchunhyang University in Seoul from Nov. 1996 to Oct. 1999 and analyzed 101 strains and its sensitivity test to various antibiotics. Result : In 93 cases in which pathogenic organism was isolated, single infection was 85 cases(91.4%) and mixed infection was 8 cases(8.6%). The most frequent pathogenic organism was Staphylococcus aureus(59.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.9%), Providencia(4.8%), Alcaligenes(3.0%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae(2.9%) were the next. Methicilline-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus was 34 cases(57.6%) of Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to Vancomycin(96.7%), Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (57.6%), Cefuroxime(42.4%) and Ciprofloxacin(40.7%) but resistant to Penicillin(94.9%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sentitive Amikacin(100%), Ciprofloxacin(100%) and Gentamicin(67%). Conclusion : As MRSA recently was wide spread in community accquired infection as well as nosocomial infection, we must consider strict control of MRSA.

뇌경막내에 위치한 수막성 골종 증례보고

조영도,조준,문창택,장상근,윤상애 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1996 건국의과학학술지 Vol.5 No.-

This case report deals with a 75-year-old female. The patient was admitted for headache due to passenger traffic accident. Plain radiographs of the skull showed the finding of dense calcified lesion in the right parietal bone. In the Brain CT scan, this lesion showed uniformly hyperdense and non-enhancing mass. The clinical examination showed no gross abnormalities. In the operation field, this lesion attached to the inner surface of the dura by the dense fibrous band and protruded into the cerebral cortex. One fragment was about 1cm×1.4cm×1.6cm and the other about 3mm×2mm×3mm. Histologic examination of the surgical specimen(H/E stain) showed a benign osteoma.

Southern hybridization에 의한 옥수수α-amylase 遺傳子分析

趙駿衡,金容旭 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1993 農林科學 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

Total genomic DNA isolation from maize shoot was easier and more efficient than isolation from aleurone layers of seeds. During DNA isolation, it was possible to purify total genomic DNA mays by RNase A and phenol : chloroform extraction without repeated processes. As a result of agarose gel electrophoresis, total genomic DNA of maize was a macromolecule which had more than 23 kilo-base in comparison with the size marker, λ/Hind Ⅲ. DNA fragments digested by BamH Ⅰ, EcoR Ⅰ, and Hind Ⅲ were more than 1 kilo-base and DNA fragments digested with Sau 3A Ⅰ and Taq Ⅰ was less than 1 kilo-base in length. At the same treatment time, the reason of different moving distance of digested DNA fragments, DNA sequance sites recignized and digested with each restriction endonucleases would be specific. DNA fragments by Sau3A Ⅰ and Taq Ⅰ were more migrated than those by BamH Ⅰ, EcoR Ⅰ, and Hind Ⅲ at the same time. Enhanced chemilluminescence (ECL) gene detection system was better than then ^32P― radiolabelling method for α-amylase gene detection. Southern hyridization detection signal was similar to agaross gel electrophoretic band pattern observed. It was observed that binding was specific and α-amylase genes were present in isolate total genomic DNA of maize. Also, maize α-amylase genes might have conserved region which appeared in other cereals, and high level homology would be expected among these genes, maize, and other cereal crops. It seemed that utilization of DNA framents digested by EcoR Ⅰ, Hind Ⅲ, and Sau3A Ⅰ would be mostly efficient in α-amylase genomic DNA cloning.

용융염 LiCl-Li_2O-Li_3N에서 316LN SS의 용접부 부식거동

조수행,홍순석,신영준,박성원 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

In the development of the advanced spent fuel management process based on the molten salt technology, it is essential to choose the optimum material for the process equipment handling molten salt. As a part of assessment and application of the strutural material for the molten salt handling system, corrosion behavior of 316LN ss weld in the molten salts was investigated. In a molten salt of LiCI-Li_2O, the oxide scales of LiCrO_2 and Li_4M_0O_5 were formed at the rate of similar linear kinetics. But in the molten salt of lI-Li_2O-Li_3N, the oxide and nitride scales of Li_4M_0O_5 and M_02N were formed at the rate of simliar linear kinetics. The corrosion rate of 316 LN ss in the molten salt of LiCI-Li_2O was lower than that in the molten salt of LiCI-Li_2O-Li_3N.

MathCAD를 사용한 X-선 회절상의 계산

조태경,송인명,권영준,이희복 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1994 과학교육연구 Vol.25 No.1

물질의 결정구조를 연구하는 데에는 일반적으로 X-선 회절상의 분석방법을 가장 많이 사용한다. 따라서 대학교육과정에서 고체물리학, 결정학, 재료과학 등 여러 분야에서 X-선 분광법에 대하여 공부한다. 그러나 실제 강의에서 X-선 회절의 이론을 X-선 회절상의 분석 방법과 직접 대응시켜 설명하기란 쉽지 않다. 본 논문은 MathCAD란는 software을 써서 X-선 회절 이론식으로 부터 간단하게 원하는 결정의 X-선 회절상을 계산하는 방법을 제시하고, X-선 결정구조 분석에 관한 학습과 연구에 활용할 수 있는 자료가 되도록 하였다. The most available technique for the study of the crystal structure is the analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns. For this reason lectures on X-ray diffractions have been given at universities in various subjects such as solid state physics, crystallography, material science, etc. However, it is not easy to teach the theory of X-ray diffraction in conjunction with the analysis X-ray diffraction patterns. In this study, we have used MathCAD software to calculate angles, intensities, and patterns of the X-ray diffraction of crystal using formula given in the theory without any complication. The program has shown in the study will be useful for research on crystallography as well as for teaching the subject.