Different Demotivators for Japanese Junior High and High School Learners

( Yo Hamada ) 범태평양응용언어학회 2011 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Motivation has been studied throughout the field of language acquisition for the past 20 years. Demotivation has also been researched in Japan at primarily the university and high school level. To provide a deeper understanding of demotivation for Japanese junior and senior high school learners, this study explores the following three questions. (1) What are the differences between demotivators for junior high school learners and high school learners in Japan? (2) Which factors are ranked higher or lower as demotivators for junior high school learners and high school learners in Japan respectively? (3) How do the strong demotivators change over time in high school? The participants for the study were 234 first year Japanese students from two public high schools in northern Japan, and 217 freshmen from two universities in the Kanto region of Japan. 8 Students were interviewed. A 44-item questionnaire with 1-5 Likert Scale was used to explore demotivation for the learners. The results show that Nature of English is more demotivating for junior high school learners; Lesson style and Teachers are more demotivating for high school learners. Among junior high school learners, Tests, Nature of English, and Reduced self-confidence are more demotivating than other factors. Among high school learners, Reduced self-confidence, Lesson style, and Textbooks are more demotivating than other factors.

How do We Help Learners Comprehend Various Englishes? Shadowing for Perceptual Adaptation

Yo Hamada,Satoko Suzuki 아시아영어교육학회 2021 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.18 No.3

Shadowing for Pronunciation Development: Haptic-Shadowing and IPA-Shadowing

Yo Hamada 아시아테플 2018 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.15 No.1

Shadowing was introduced to foreign language teaching in the 1990s and since then it has been researched in EFL teaching contexts. Shadowing has been used as a listening task, and its effectiveness on listening comprehension has been acknowledged. However, its effect on pronunciation development remains unclear. With this unresolved issue in mind, I have attempted to develop shadowing-based pronunciation teaching methods by combining shadowing with activities for pronunciation skill development, namely haptic-shadowing and IPA-shadowing. A total of 58 Japanese second-year university students participated in the experiment (29 for haptic-shadowing and 29 for IPA-shadowing). A total of 15 lessons were given to each group. The results show that the haptic-shadowing group statistically improved on all the three features of comprehensibility, segmental features, and suprasegmental features, while the IPA-shadowing group improved on comprehensibility and segmental features. Additionally, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine learners’ perceptions toward the two types of shadowing. Learners have a more positive and fresh image of haptic-shadowing and IPA-shadowing.

Demotivators for Japanese Teenagers

( Yo Hamada ) 범태평양응용언어학회 2008 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.12 No.2

These two decades have seen a surge in interest in the study of motivation throughout the field of language acquisition. Several distinguished motivational theories have been established: self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985), goal-setting theories (Locke & Latham, 1990), attribution theory (Weiner, 1992), self-worth theory (Covington, 1992) and self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1993). In response to the negative trend that some learners lose interest in foreign langue learning despite the best efforts by teachers, researchers have started to explore a different category of motivation, demotivation. Dornyei (2001) defines a demotivated learner as "someone who was once motivated but has lost his or her commitment/interest for some reason" (p. 142). Demotivation has been researched in Japan, at primarily in the university and high school level. To overcome limitations of the previous studies, the current study explores the following three questions. (1) How do Japanese high school learners change their state of demotivation through? (2) How does each demotivator contribute to learners` demotivation? (3) When does demotivation start and what factors contribute to junior high school demotivation? The participants are 54 second year high school learners and 36 third year junior high students from a school in Japan. A 26 itemquestionnaire and an in-house test were used to examine the high school learners. A 9 item-open ended questionnaire with two 5 Likert type questions was used to examine the high school learners. The data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. High school learners` state of demotivation changed in the intensity toward communicative method and several variables are considered to contribute to demotivated learners. For junior high school learners, grammar and confidence issue are the stronger demotivator. Implications for practical classroom instructions, and recommendations for further research are given based on the results.

Shadowing: For Better Underst anding Accented Englishes

Yo Hamada 아시아테플 2019 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.16 No.3

English has been used as a Lingua Franca (ELF) in communication among English speakers, both NSs and NNSs. However, people occasionally face difficulty when communicating among NNSs and NNSs be cause of the speakers’ accents that originate from their first language. For smoother communication, speakers should speak English with comprehensible pronunciation, while listeners should understand accented English. Perceptual adaptation has been studied mainly in L1 contexts, in terms of NSs’ adaptation to unfamiliar English accents and English with foreign accents. Still, little research exists on the topic of NNSs and perceptual adaptation. The question is whether NNSs should only be exposed to accente d English as NSs are, or whether another useful type of instruction should be developed. Given these, this study took a first step to explore a way to help English learners adapt to unfamiliar accented English in classroom. This study examined which is mor e effective for Japanese students’ perceptual adaptation listening to an unfamiliar foreign accent (Chinese), or shadowing. The shadowing group engaged in a shadowing conversation between two Chinese speakers speaking English, while the listening group onl y listened. Four lessons of 15 minutes each were given. The results showed that the shadowing group outperformed the listening group.

Improvement of Listening Comprehension Skills through Shadowing with Difficult Materials

Yo Hamada 아시아영어교육학회 2011 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.8 No.1

이어령의 팡세

하마다요 ( Hamada Yo ) 영산대학교 동양문화연구원 2023 동양문화연구 Vol.38 No.-

필자와의 일본어 미발표 대화 기록을 바탕으로 이어령의 인문학적 상상력의 특징과 가능성을 살펴보았다. 2013년 겨울부터 여름사이의 대화는 한일 문화속에 서로에게 미치지 못하는, 배움이 있는 양상을 찾고자 하는 아이디어로 「두 나라 이야기」라는 타이틀로 출간이 계획되었다(미간행). 2020년 여름의 대화는 인공지능(AI)을 주제로 하여 새로운 문명의 전망을 그리려는 시도였다. 본 논고는 자유롭고 확장적이며 함축적인 이어령의 사고를 소개하고 향후 이어령 연구 및 인문학의 가능성 탐구에 기여하는 하나의 단초가 되는 것을 목표로 한다. 구체적으로는 「두 나라 이야기」에서 전개된 그의 상상력이 항상 한·일, 아시아·서양, 어린이·노인, 삶·죽음 등 이항 대립적 발상의 틀에서 쏟아져 나오는 「두 세계 이야기」라고 할 수 있는 지향성을 띤 것임을 분석한다. 나아가 생명자본주의 제창 이후 이어령이 생명, 지혜, 지식, 정보, 데이터의 대립적이지 않은 새로운 양상을 전망하고 있었다는 점에서 필자는 딥러닝 테크놀로지의 등장 이후에도 그 비전이 널리 인간사회에 시사점을 줄 가능성을 지적하고 싶다. 대체로 이어령의 말 묶음이 21세기의 「팡세」라고도 할 만한 특징을 띠고 있음을 제시한다. Based on two unpublished transcripts of dialogues in Japanese between Lee O-Young and the author, this article explores the characteristics and possibilities of his humanistic imagination. The dialogues from the winter to summer of 2013 were planned for publication under the title A Story of Two Countries, with the idea of discovering aspects of Korean and Japanese culture that are beyond each other's reach and that can be learned from each other (yet to be published). The summer dialogue of 2020 was an attempt to create a new vision of civilization, with artificial intelligence (AI) as the main theme. The article aims to introduce the free and expansive breadth and depth of Lee O-Young's thinking, and to serve as a starting point for future research on Lee O-Young and for the exploration of the possibilities of the humanities. Specifically, I analyze how his imagination that had developed in the transcripts of A Story of Two Countries was always tinged with A Story of Two Worlds orientation that overflows from the framework of dichotomous ideas such as Korea and Japan, Asia and the West, children and the elderly, life and death, and so on. Furthermore, noting that Lee O-Young had been looking forward to a new, non-confrontational vision of life, wisdom, knowledge, information, and data since his advocacy of Vita Capitalism, the author would like to point out the possibility that his vision will continue to have rich implications for human society at large even after the advent of deep learning technology. In general, the article presents that the bundle of words of Lee O-Young is characterized as the Pensées of the 21st century.

도전적(挑戰的) 평화(平和)의 「유학(儒學)」 -이퇴계(李退溪)와 그 보편성

濱田陽 ( Hamada Yo ),번역 강지은 퇴계학연구원 2014 退溪學報 Vol.136 No.-

본 논문에서는, 자본주의·시장경제·근대화에 매몰되지 않는 유 학의 현대적 가능성을 탐구하기 위하여, 朱子, 退溪, 에도江戶 儒者들을 共時的으로 고찰하여, 그 공통 요소로서, 학문의 응용, 학문의 자립·공존, 학문의 자유의 세 가지를 지적하고, 이러한 특징을 갖춘 학문·실천을, 주자·퇴계·에도적인 『儒學』 으로서 규정하였다. 그리고, 그 『儒學』 이, 각 전문영역, 제종교에 무관심하고, 또한, 국가기구를 추종하는 일이 없이, 늘 새로운 진리를 추구하여, 각 분 야의 틀을 넘어 평화의 과제를 마주대하고 있다는 점에서, 도전적 평 화(challenging peace)를 지향하는 학문실천이라는 것을 지적하였으 며, 특히 퇴계의 학문실천이 가지는 뛰어난 국제성, 보편성과 그 사 상실천의 가치를, 주자, 에도 유자와의 비교 및 서양 기독교 사상과 의 비교종교론적 고찰에 의해 부각시켰다. In this article we point out the synchronic characters in studies and practices of Zhu Xi (朱子), T`oegye Yi Hwang (退부李滉), and Confucian scholars in Edo Japan. Their studies had deep potential, independency, and academic liberalism in their lives and societies. We could tell they hope ``challenging peace`` more than static peace. And each has a unique characteristic. Zhu Xi`s study is original, Yi T`oegye`s is universal, and Edo Japan`s is unique. We especially try to understand internationality and universality in T`oegye Yi Hwang`s study and practice. Finally, we discuss what types of study and practice could avoid the failure of ``The corruption of the best.``

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE THEMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF POLYURETHANE COMPOSITES AND THE ORIENTATION OF DISPERSED MICA FLAKES

Yukihiro Hamada,Masaya Kumada,Ryo Yasuda,Yo Aoyama,Fumiaki Takahashi,Kenji Yamauchi 대한기계학회 1996 KSME/JSME THERMAL and FLUID Engineering Conference Vol.2 No.1