Metabolomic analysis of biochemical changes in the tissue and urine of proteoglycan-induced spondylitis in mice after treatment with moxibustion

Xiao Xu,Ya-Nan Shi,Rong-Yun Wang,Cai-Yan Ding,Xiao Zhou,Yu-Fei Zhang,Zhi-Ling Sun,Zhi-Qin Sun,Qiu-Hua Sun 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.1

Background: Moxibustion is widely used in East Asian countries to manage the symptom of rheumatic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify potential metabolic profiles of moxibustion on relieving ankylosing spondylitis (AS) mice through UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS metabolomic study. Methods: Thirty-two female Balb/c mice were randomized into healthy control (HC), AS model, moxibustion at acupuncture points (MA) in AS model, and moxibustion at non-acupuncture points (MNA) AS model groups. Moxibustion was administered daily at GV4, bilateral BL23 and bilateral ST36 acupuncture points for four weeks in the MA group. The overall health status, the thickness of hind paws and the tissue concentrations of IL-1β, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-α were assessed. The UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to explore the perturbations of endogenous metabolites in tissue and urine of AS model mice intervened by moxibustion. Results: Compared with the AS group, the overall health status was significantly improved after 4-week moxibustion intervention (p < 0.05). The results also showed that MA significantly reduced the levels of paw thickness and decreased the levels of four cytokines in the tissue (p < 0.01). Thirty-seven endogenous metabolites identified by the OPLS-DA were considered to be contributing to therapeutic effects of moxibustion. Moreover, metabolic pathway analysis further revealed that the identified metabolites were mainly involved in TCA cycle, Lipid metabolism, Amino Acid metabolism, Intestinal flora metabolism and Purine metabolism. Conclusions: UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS based metabolomics approach, as a novel and powerful tool, can help us to gain the insights into potential mechanisms of action of moxibustion for AS.

Love Me as You Love Her

Sun, Xiao 한국콘텐츠학회 2012 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.8 No.1

Immobilization of sodium-salt wastes containing simulated 137Cs by volcanic ash-based ceramics with different Si/Al molar ratios

Xiao-Wen Sun,Li-Ke Liu,Song Chen 한국원자력학회 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.12

In this study, volcanic ash was used as raw material to prepare waste forms with different silicon/aluminum (Si/Al) molar ratios to immobilize sodium-salt waste (SSW) containing simulated 137Cs. Effectsof Si/Al molar ratios (3:1 and 2:1) and sodium salts on sintering behavior of waste forms and immobilization mechanism of Csþ were investigated. Results indicated that the main mineral phase of sinteredwaste-form matrixes was albite, and the formation of major phases was found to depend on Si/Al molarratios. Si/Al molar ratio of 2 was favorable for the formation of pollucite, and the formation and crystallization of mineral phases were also decided based on physicochemical characteristics of sodium salts. Furthermore, product consistency test results indicated that the immobilization of Csþ was related to Si/Al molar ratio, types of sodium salts, and glassy phase. Waste forms with Si/Al molar ratio of 2 exhibitedbetter ability to immobilize Csþ, whereas the influence of sodium salts and glassy phases on theimmobilization of SSW showed more complicated relationship. In waste forms with Si/Al molar ratio of 2,Csþ leaching concentrations of samples containing Na2B4O7$10H2O and NaOH were low. Na2B4O7‧10H2Oeasily transformed into liquid phase during sintering to consequently achieve low temperature liquidphase sintering, which is beneficial to avoid the volatilization of Csþ at high temperature. Resultsclearly reveal that waste forms with Si/Al molar ratio of 2 and containing Na2B4O7‧10H2O show excellentimmobilization of Csþ.

A Practical and Simple Method of Recycling Catalyst in Asymmetric Aminohydroxylation of Olefins

Sun, Xiao Li,Jin, Ying,He, Wei,Nan, Peng Juan,Zhang, Sheng Yong Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.8

A Population-based Case-control Study on Risk Factors for Gastric Cardia Cancer in Rural Areas of Linzhou

Sun, Chang-Qing,Chang, Yu-Bo,Cui, Ling-Ling,Chen, Jia-Jun,Sun, Nan,Zhang, Wei-Jie,Jia, Xiao-Can,Tian, Yuan,Dai, Li-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Although certain dietary factors and lifestyles have been suggested to be associated with gastric carcinogenesis, there have been few investigations focusing on rural areas. A case-control study was therefore carried out to investigate the risk factors of gastric cardia cancer (GCC) in rural areas of Linzhou. A total of 470 newly diagnosed cases of GCC and 470 healthy controls were included. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, using a uniform questionnaire containing questions on demographics, per capita income, living habits, dietary habits and family history of tumors. The relationship between putative risk factors and GCC was assessed by odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) derived from conditional logistic regression model by the COXREG command using SPSS 12.00. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate simultaneously the effects of multiple factors and other potential confounding factors. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that smoking (OR=1.939, 95%CI:1.097-3.426), alcohol drinking (OR=2.360, 95%CI: 1.292-4.311), hot food consumption (OR=2.034, 95%CI: 1.507-2.745), fast eating (OR=1.616, 95%CI: 1.171-2.230), mouldy food (OR=4.564, 95%CI: 2.682-7.767), leftover food (OR=1.881. 95%CI: 1.324-2.671), and family history of tumor (OR=2.831, 95%CI: 1.588-5.050) were risk factors for GCC. High per capita income (OR=0.709, 95%CI: 0.533-0.942), high education level (OR=0.354, 95%CI: 0.163-0.765), consumption of fresh fruits (OR=0.186, 95%CI: 0.111-0.311) and vegetables (OR=0.243, 95%CI: 0.142-0.415), and high BMI (OR=0.367, 95%CI: 0.242-0.557) were protective factors for GCC. Our data indicate that unhealthy lifestyle and dietary habits might be important contributors to GCC in this population.

Model-Deviation Compensation Control for Uncertain Systems with Time Delay

Xiao-Jie Sun,Hua Ye,Shu-Min Fei 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

A novel model-deviation compensation control strategy is developed for a class of uncertain systems with time delay in this paper. Taking an identified second-order plus dead-time (SOPDT) process for example, the whole design methodology is proposed, which integrates the prediction model, the sliding function design, the equivalent control term and the model-deviation compensation control law. Firstly the delay-ahead predictor with the feedback correction is constructed to weaken the affection of time delay in the system. Then by improving the classical sliding mode control, after obtaining the equivalent control term, the model-deviation compensation term is derived from the actual regulated response and the deviation to be eliminated, so that the modeling uncertainties and external disturbances can be restrained. Finally the establishment and feasible solution of LMI guarantee that the system output reaches the desired value. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Cloning and Characterization of Liver cDNAs That Are Differentially Expressed between Chicken Hybrids and Their Parents

Sun, Dong-Xiao,Wang, Dong,Yu, Ying,Zhang, Yuan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.12

Using mRNA differential display technique, we investigated differential gene expression in hybrids relative to their parents in a diallel cross involving four chicken breeds in order to provide an insight into the molecular basis of heterosis in chicken. The results indicated that there was extensive differential gene expression between chicken F1 hybrids and their parents which was classified into four kinds of patterns as following: (1) bands only detected in hybrid F1; (2) bands only absent in hybrid F1; (3) bands only detected in parent P1 or P2; (4) bands absent in parent P1 or P2. Forty-two differentially expressed cDNAs were cloned and sequenced, and their expression patterns were confirmed by Reverse-Northern dot blot. Sequence analysis and database searches revealed that genes showed differential expression between hybrid and parents were regulatory and functional genes involved in metabolism, mRNA splicing, transcriptional regulation, cell cycles and protein modification. These results indicated that hybridization between two parents can cause changes in expression of a variety of genes. In conclusion, that the altered pattern of gene expression in hybrids may be responsible for heterosis in chickens.

Power series solution of circular membrane under uniformly distributed loads: investigation into Hencky transformation

Sun, Jun-Yi,Rong, Yang,He, Xiao-Ting,Gao, Xiao-Wei,Zheng, Zhou-Lian Techno-Press 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.45 No.5

In this paper, the problem of axisymmetric deformation of the circular membrane fixed at its perimeter under the action of uniformly-distributed loads was resolved by exactly using power series method, and the solution of the problem was presented. An investigation into the so-called Hencky transformation was carried out, based on the solution presented here. The results obtained here indicate that the well-known Hencky solution is, without doubt, correct, but in the published papers the statement about its derivation is incorrect, and the so-called Hencky transformation is invalid and hence may not be extended to use as a general mathematical method.

Effects of osmolytes on the refolding of recombinant <i>Pelodiscus sinensis</i> brain-type creatine kinase

Sun, Xiao-Bao,Lim, Gyu Tae,Lee, Jinhyuk,Wan, Jia-Xin,Lin, Hai-Zhen,Yang, Jun-Mo,Wang, Qian,Park, Yong-Doo Elsevier 2018 PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY Vol.68 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The protective effects of osmolytes on the renaturation of <I>Pelodiscus sinensis</I> brain-type creatine kinase (P-CKB) were determined in this study. The P-CKB gene was cloned and was heterologously expressed in <I>Escherichia coli</I> BL21 (DE3). The purified recombinant protein was subjected to 6 M urea denaturation and further applied with six different osmolytes (glycine, proline, sorbitol, DMSO, betaine, and trehalose). Our results demonstrated that the addition of glycine or DMSO could contribute toward the reactivation of unfolded P-CKB and prevent aggregation. Interestingly, 25 mM glycine was found to be the best concentration to reactivate denatured P-CKB, while high-concentration glycine led to the opposite effect as monitored by a red shift in the intrinsic fluorescence spectra and the aggregation of protein, which probably could be attributed to an additional inactive protein complex that formed during the fast refolding reaction. Docking simulation results showed the osmolyte docking energies to be relatively low and clustering groups were spread on the surface of P-CKB, indicating that osmolytes directly protected the surface of P-CKB. The results in this study could provide a better understanding of structural and functional changes in P-CKB during refolding in addition to the role of osmolytes in heterothermic animals.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Osmolytes protects the activity of <I>Pelodiscus sinensis</I> brain-type creatine kinase (P-CKB). </LI> <LI> The addition of glycine or DMSO could contribute the reactivation of P-CKB. </LI> <LI> Glycine or DMSO could prevent aggregation. </LI> <LI> Docking simulation results showed that osmolytes directly protected the surface of P-CKB. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Aeroelastic-aerodynamic analysis and bio-inspired flow sensor design for boundary layer velocity profiles of wind turbine blades with active external flaps

Xiao Sun,Junliang Tao,Jiale Li,Qingli Dai,Xiong Yu 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.20 No.3

The characteristics of boundary layers have significant effects on the aerodynamic forces and vibration of the wind turbine blade. The incorporation of active trailing edge flaps (ATEF) into wind turbine blades has been proven as an effective control approach for alleviation of load and vibration. This paper is aimed at investigating the effects of external trailing edge flaps on the flow pattern and velocity distribution within a boundary layer of a NREL 5MW reference wind turbine, as well as designing a new type of velocity sensors for future validation measurements. An aeroelastic-aerodynamic simulation with FAST-AeroDyn code was conducted on the entire wind turbine structure and the modifications were made on turbine blade sections with ATEF. The results of aeroelastic-aerodynamic simulations were combined with the results of two-dimensional computational fluid dynamic simulations. From these, the velocity profile of the boundary layer as well as the thickness variation with time under the influence of a simplified load case was calculated for four different blade-flap combinations (without flap, with -5°, 0°, and +5° flap). In conjunction with the computational modeling of the characteristics of boundary layers, a bio-inspired hair flow sensor was designed for sensing the boundary flow field surrounding the turbine blades, which ultimately aims to provide real time data to design the control scheme of the flap structure. The sensor element design and performance were analyzed using both theoretical model and finite element method. A prototype sensor element with desired bio-mimicry responses was fabricated and validated, which will be further refined for integration with the turbine blade structures.