Nanogenerators: Fully Rollable Transparent Nanogenerators Based on Graphene Electrodes (Adv. Mater. 19/2010)

Choi, Dukhyun,Choi, Min-Yeol,Choi, Won Mook,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Park, Hyun-Kyu,Seo, Ju-Seok,Park, Jongbong,Yoon, Seon-Mi,Chae, Seung Jin,Lee, Young Hee,Kim, Sang-Woo,Choi, Jae-Young,Lee, Sang Yoon,Kim, Jo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.22 No.19

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The cover shows an image of fully rollable transparent nanogenerators synthesized using chemical vapor deposition grown large-scale graphene sheets as transparent electrodes and piezoelectric ZnO nanorod arrays. Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Young Choi, and co-workers report on p. 2187 the electrical and structural stability of the nanogenerators, with excellent charge scavenging performance under external mechanical loads such as bending and rolling. This study shows that graphene-based nanogenerators are very promising for self-powered rollable transparent device applications. <img src='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content'> </P>

Humic acid가 카드뮴 어독성에 미치는 영향

류지성,정규혁,최필선,이길철,최덕일,최성수,류홍일,박광식 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Cadmium, a major aquatic pollutant in many parts of the world, is toxic and readily accumulated in aquatic organisms. It mainly exists in water as complexes with organic ligands such as dissolved organic carbon and this complexation is known to have effects on the aquatic toxicities. In this study, acute toxicity, histology, and bioaccumulation were studied to evaluate effects of humic acid on cadmium toxicity and bioavailability to fish using Oryzias latipes and Cyprinus carpio. 96h-LC50 of cadmium was 6.38 ㎎/L using Oryzias latipes. However, the mortality showed the dose-dependent decrease when humic acid was added to the test solution. When fish were exposed to 5㎎/L of cadmium, histological changes in the exposed organs(caudal fins, gills, kidney, liver, and gut) of Cyprinus carpio were decreased by humic acid, especially in kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of cadmium also decreased by treatment of humic acid. It seems that the formation of complexes between cadmium and humic acid may decrease bioavailability of cadmium to fish, and thus reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.

근대기의 경산화파 예운불화 연구

최성규 ( Choi Sung Kyu ) 한국종교문화연구소(종교문화비평학회) 2016 종교문화비평 Vol.30 No.30

예운상규는 경산화파의 화맥 안에서 전승되는 불화의 형식으로 작업에 임했으며 또한 전승시킨 불모(佛母)이다. 19세기 중반부터 전하고 있는 그의 불화는 1930년에까지 이르고 있다. 경산화파는 불모들의 계보 가운데 비교적 화맥이 잘 밝혀져 있고 전해지는 불화의 소재가 어느 정도 파악되어 그 특징을 살펴 볼 수 있다. 조선 후기에는 대부분 사찰 불화의 수요가 그 지방 승려들에 의해 충족되었고 이에 따라서 다양한 승려가 많이 모이는 대사찰 중심으로 배출된 화승들은 자신의 출신 사찰을 중심으로 인근지역 안에서 활동함으로써 지역에 따른 화사(畵師) 집단이 형성되었다. 이와 같은 화사 집단 가운데 서울·경기지역에서 활동한 화사들을 경성화파 또는 경산 화파라 부른다. 예운 불화는 조선 후기 서울·경기지역 불화와 같이 시대와 양식에 따라 분류할 수 있다. 18세기 초와 18세기 말~19세기 초, 19세기 말로 분류하는데, 현존하는 근대기 예 운의 불화는 도상과 표현기법에 있어 다양한 경향의 불화 제작과 새로운 문물의 유입을 통한 신경향의 불화를 남기고 있다. 근대기 예운의 불화의 상당수는 서양화의 명암법을 도입하고 있으며 스승인 응석 의 맥을 이어 새로운 도상과 구도법을 창안하였다. 서양화의 명암법을 적용해 그린 그의 불화들은 당시 후원자들로부터 상당히 인기가 있었던 듯하며 현재 전국에서 작품이 남 아 전한다. 예운은 전통 도상을 기반으로 일반 회화나 민화와 같은 각종의 회화자료, 그 리고 새로 유입된 외국의 인쇄물 등의 시각적 체험과 자료들, 당시의 풍물·풍속 등 새 로운 요소들을 수용하기 시작하는 등 끊임없이 변화를 주기위한 시도들을 하였다. 표충사 <삼세불도>처럼 원과 같은 기하학적 도형을 사용해 화면에 집중감을 주면 서도 때로는 수많은 권속들을 적절히 분류하고 구획하여 시각적 효과를 살린 불화들과 기존 불화의 구성요소들을 새롭게 재구성하거나 일부를 첨삭하는 등의 방법으로 주제를 강조한 불화들을 제작하였다. 화면분할식 불화와 함께 새로운 불화를 시도하려 했던 그의 창작 의도가 보다 명확하였다고 할 수 있다. 이와 같이 근대기 예운 불화의 의미는 화사의 창의성이 발현된 점이라고 할 수 있으며 이후 새롭게 만봉에 의해 전승이 되고 현재에까지 이어짐으로 해서 역사적 변천을 살필 수 있다는 점이 또한 중요하게 평가될 수 있는 것이다. Yeun Sang-kyu was a Buddhist painter, known as “Mother of Buddha Image Paintings(佛母)” who was inherited by Gyeongsan School and kept the tradition intact till 1930. His Buddhist Image paintings are handed down from the mid-19th century on and his painting styles and lineages are well known and even the painting materials he used are cleary identified. So much he is recognized as unique and distinctive. During the late Joseon Period, the Buddhist paintings in the temples are provided and enshrined by the local monk painters and the large temples have accordingly housed a group of monk painters in their own territories. This monk painters were eventually clustered with the painter groups. “The Gyeonseong or the Gyeongsan School” was one of the most active painter groups who got together in Seoul and Gyeonggi area. Yeun`s Buddhist paintings so far extant in terms of iconography or drawing skills reveals inheritances of various styles of the previous traditions; early and late 18th century, or early and late 19th century styles are included. Moreover, on top of those mixture of traditions, he added a new trend of paintings based on the up-coming new cultures. Even western painting skills of shading were imbued with his many a Buddhist paintings and his creative new form of icons and compositions are keenly felt the influences of his direct master Eungseok`s style. His new Buddhist depictions seem to be popular among the connoisseurs and the collectors so that his art objects are spread out through the country. He tried to explore the new experiments with the visual effects, the painting materials and even utilizing of the folk painting subjects. The “Samse-bul-do(三世佛圖)” of Pyochung temple is an example of the modern skills of paintings, quite differed to traditional ones; applying the geometric shape of circles in the screen, newly alloting the Bodhisattvas and the protective figures, reconfiguring the Buddha images, sectional division of the canvas, etc. Likewise, Yeun`s style changes in his extant paintings show us his creativity along with the modern tranformation of Korean Buddhism. And his legacy is handed down to Manbong, who is one of descents of Yeun and connected to today`s Buddhist painting traditions.

Humic acid가 카드뮴 어독성에 미치는 영향

류지성,정규혁,최필선,이길철,최덕일,최성수,류홍일,박광식 한국환경독성학회 1998 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Cadmium, a major aquatic pollutant in many parts of the world, is toxic and readily accumulated in aquatic organisms. It mainly exists in water as complexes with organic ligands such as dissolved organic carbon and this complexation is known to have effects on the aquatic toxicities. In this study, acute toxicity, histology, and bioaccumulation were studied to evaluate effects of humic acid on cadmium toxicity and bioavailability to fish using Oryzias latipcs and Cypriruts carpio. 96h~LC50 of cadmium was 6.38 mg/L using Oryzias latipes. However, the mortality showed the dose-dependent decrease when humic acid was added to the test solution. When fish were exposed to 5 mg/L of cadmium, histological changes in the exposed organs (caudal fins, gills, kidney, liver, and gut) of Cyprinifs carpio were decreased by humic acid, especially in kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of cadmium also decreased by treatment of humic acid. It seems that the formation of complexes between cadmium and humic acid may decrease bioavailability of cadmium to fish, and thus reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.

개사를 통한 노래부르기가 정신지체아동의 어휘력에 미치는 효과

배정화,최성규 한국특수교육문제연구소 2004 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구에서는 개사를 통한 노래부르기가 정신지체아동의 수용과 표현어휘력 신장에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구대상은 부산시에 소재하는 J초등학교 특수학급에 재학 중인 정신지체아동 2명으로 선정하였다. 13개의 동요 등을 개사하여 72개의 표적어휘를 선정하였고, 개사를 통한 노래부르기는 10주에 걸쳐 주 4회씩 총 40회기동안 실시하였으며 매회기는 40분간 실시하였다. 한국표준수용어휘력검사를 이용하여 사전검사와 사후검사에서 어휘력 검사를 각각 2회 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 개사를 통한 노래부르기가 정신지체 아동의 수용어휘와 표현어휘 신장에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤음을 제시하였다. 특히 동물과 식물명, 그리고 일반사물, 가정도구, 가정, 사회생활, 여가생활 등과 관련된 명사 어휘의 수용과 표현이 높아지고 동사와 형용사에 대한 수용어휘력도 향상되었다. Mental retardation refers to substantial limitations such as mental intelligibilities and social interaction in present functioning. Especially, language abilities are basic social skill to identity and interact with themselves and others in the society as human beings. Unfortunately, the children with mental retardation are usually exposed in language difficulties. Vocabulary is a fundamental tool to lead smooth language development. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the effects of singing with changed words of songs to develop vocabulary abilities for children with mental retardation. Two children, 10.6(MA5.7) and 11.0(MA7.2) years old, with mental retardation were participated for this study. Thirteen sings were selected, and the words of the songs were changed based on seventy two target vocabularies. Pre- and post-test with Korean Standard Vocabulary Test were utilized to verify the effective of the singing to improve vocabulary ability for forty sessions. Each sessions was for forty minutes. The results of this study were that: (a) the singing strategy was effective to improve the receptive vocabulary ability; and (b) the singing strategy was effective to improve expressive vocabulary ability for children with mental retardation. Therefore, this study concluded that the singing is effective to improve vocabulary ability for mental retardation.

春川댐 放流時 橋梁의 安定性 檢討를 위한 水理模型實驗 硏究

최한규,백효선,최상순 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.B

In The case of the bridge which is located in the downstream of the dam, effect of the running water and stability of the bridge is studing by using the Hydraulic model test. 1. The water level change of `Seosang1 bridge' along Chunchon dam spill occurred through this experiment more greatly than a numerical conspiracy. 2. Bight is the spot where a difference occurs in located bridge piers(p18-p28) greatly, and an influence of Chunchon dam occurs in greatly.

일반 또래 아동과의 상호작용을 통한 정신지체아동의 언어 유형 분석

최성규,김홍도 한국특수교육문제연구소 2001 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the language categories of children with mental retardation in the application of dynamic language programs. Three children with mental retardation were participated to analyze the language categones. The dynamic language programs were developed to apply between normal children and the subjects. Three normal children who were attending same classes with the subjects used the programs to interact with the three subjects. The investigation design without any research design was utilized for experimental research. Total ten sessions were applied. The time of each sessions was thirty minutes. The language categories based on B. F. Skinner's verbal behavior such as echoic, mand, tact, intraverbal, codic, and autoclitic were collected from thc three children with mcntal retardation when the three children interact with the three normal children responded from the normal children’s asking by thc language programs. The results were that: (a) language categories were analyzed by the programs; and (b) the most frequently language was intraverbal, and the second frequency of the language responses was autoclitic, howcver, the other four language categories were not presented. Thcrefore. this study concluded that the intraverbal is most important language cate당 ory for the children with mental retarded 본 연구의 목적은 정신지체아동과 또래아동과의 상호작용 프로그램을 적용하여 정신지체이동의 언어유형을 분석하고자 하였다. 언어유형은 B. F. Skinner의 Verbal Behavior 역동적 이론에 기초한 복제, 명령, 지칭, 상호, 기호, 자발언어 등이다. 프로그램 적용 방법은 역동적 방법을 이용하여 접근하였다. 연구대상은 초등학교 특수학급에 재학중인 정신지체아동 3 명이었다. 정신지체아동의 또래 아동과의 상호적용에서 나타난 언어유형은 상호언어와 자발언어였다. 상호언어와 자빌언어의 증감은 상호 영향을 미치고 있었다. 따라서 상호작용을 통한 언어지도 방안이 정신지체아동의 언어지도의 기초가 될 수 있음을 본 연구결과는 시사하고 있다.

韓國産 野生油脂 植物의 디-젤機關 代替燃料 開發에 관한 硏究

崔圭洪,李麗夏,趙台煥,洪性珏 建國大學校附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1982 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

本 硏究는 國內에 自生하는 木本植物의 種實油로서 디젤 및 石油엔진의 代替에너지로 쓸 수 있는지를 調査하기 위해 시도되었다. 운향科, 대극科, 국화科 및 콩科에 속하는 몇몇 植物의 採油量과 代替에너지로서의 品質을 調査하였고, 아울러 採油하고 남은 油粕이 動物飼料로서 쓰일 수 있을지도 硏究하였다. 上記한 種實油 중 輕油 및 石油에 쉽게 溶解되는 쉬나무의 種實油만이 엔진試驗에 쓰일 수 있었다. 本 實驗에서 種實油는 輕油 및 石油와 0%∼100%까지 여러 단계의 比率로 혼합 사용되었으며, 이로써 엔진始動試驗, 最大出力, 全荷重 및 過荷重에서의 燃料消費率, 調速性能, 無負荷回轉數 그리고 排氣가스 내의 炭火水素(HC)와 一酸化炭素(CO)의 量을 측정하였다. 本 實驗의 結果는 다음과 같다. 1) 種實油의 含量은 쉬나무의 경우 40%이고, 예덕나무 41%, 산초나무 38.5%, 주엽나무 2.3%였다. 예덕나무와 산초나무의 種實油는 採油한 후, 곧 固化되어 輕油 및 石油에 溶解되지 않았다. 쉬나무의 種實油만이 輕油 및 石油에 잘 녹았으므로 이로써 엔진試驗을 實施하였다. 2) 輕油와 쉬나무 種實油의 比重은 각각 0.840과 0.932였다. 輕油와 種實油의 混合油의 比重은 混合比가 커질수록 낮아졌다. 이를 디젤엔진에 사용해 본 結果는 다음과 같다. ① 最大出力은 常用回轉數 2,400rpm에서 D.C. Dynanometer로 測定한 바 種實油 0%의 경우 6ps였고, 30% 種實油는 6.2ps, 50% 種實油는 6.55ps, 70% 種實油는 6.7ps, 90% 種實油는 6.6ps였다. ② 4/4 全負荷의 경우, 燃料消費率은 種實油 100%의 경우 239g/ps-hr로 최소였으며 30% 種實油는 250g/ps-hr, 0% 種實油는 253g/ps-hr, 50% 種實油는 256g/ps-hr, 90% 種實油는 257g/ps-hr 그리고 70% 種實油는 258g/ps-hr이었다. 11/10 過負荷의 경우 種實油 90%의 경우 251g/ps-hr로 최소였으며, 70% 種實油는 253g/ps-hr, 30% 種實油는 259g/ps-hr 50% 種實油는 261g/ps-hr, 0% 種實油는 279g/ps-hr 그리고 100% 種實油는 281g/ps-hr이었다. ③ 調速性能比는 種實油 0%의 경우 6%인데 비해, 種實油 30∼100%에 있어서는 5∼5.7%였다. 安定速度變動率은 種實油 0%의 경우 5%인데 비해, 種實油 30∼100%에 있어서는 1.9∼5.5%였다. 일반적으로 混合油는 순수한 디젤油에 비해 뛰어난 調速性能을 나타냈다. ④ 無負荷回轉時 엔진시험에 사용된 모든 燃料는 공히 高速 3.030rpm, 低速 600rpm으로 꼭 같았다. ⑤ 排氣가스內의 HC(ppm) 및 CO(%)의 양을 측정한 바 種實油 0%의 경우 各各 800ppm과 0.05%였고, 30% 種實油는 500ppm과 0.04%, 50% 種實油는 500ppm과 0.03%, 70% 種實油는 500ppm과 0.03%, 90% 種實油는 450ppm과 0.03% 그리고 100% 種實油의 경우는 400ppm과 0.02%를 나타내었다. ⑥ 엔진始動이 可能한 潤滑油 溫度는 種實油 0%의 경우 -10℃였고, 50% 種實油는 -5℃, 70% 種實油는 -2℃, 90% 種實油는 3℃ 그리고 100% 種實油의 경우 5℃였다. 그러나 暖機運轉 後에는 모든 경우에 있어서 外氣溫度 -10℃에서도 始動이 可能하였다. 3) 石油의 比重은 0.785였고, 쉬나무 種實油와 混合油의 比重은 種實油의 混合比가 커질수록 증가하였다. 石油엔진의 경우 種實油 10%의 混合油로 엔진始動이 可能하였으나 plug의 汚損이 심했다. 繼續運轉時 plug에 堆積된 炭素 때문에 pre-ignition 및 knocking 現象이 일어났다. 種實油 20%의 경우 不完全燃燒로 인해 back fire現象이 일어나고 muffler에서 火焰이 生成되며 knocking 現象이 심하게 나타났다. 種實油 30%의 경우 엔진은 겨우 始動되지만 種實油가 氣化器의 main nozzle, air bleed jet 및 slow nozzle에 붙어서 심함 hunting 現象이 일어나고 엔진이 停止되었다. 4) 採油하고 남은 쉬나무의 油粕은 24%의 蛋白質을 含有하여 動物飼料로써 이용될 수 있는 可能性을 보였다. 이상의 結果에서 보듯이 쉬나무의 種實油는 石油엔진에는 쓰일 수 없으나 디젤엔진의 代替에너지로는 훌륭할 것으로 思慮된다. To know the possibility of fuel substitution for diesel and kerosene engine with the seed oil from the woody plants native in Korea, the seed oil from Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Compositae and Leguminosae was collected and examined in terms of the quantity and quality of the seed oil as the fuel substitute. The feasibility of animal feed substitution with the residuals after the oil extraction was also considered. Because of the solubility of the seed oil into diesel and kerosene, only the Evodia seed oil was used for the engine test. The seed oil was mixed with diesel or kerosene at the various ratioes; 0% to 100%, and the following tests were done; the engine starting, the maximum out-put, the fuel consumption rate each at the normal and over-loading condition, the governer performance, the rpm at the unloading condition and the content of hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the burned gas of the diesel and the kerosene engine. The following results were obtained. 1) The content of seed oil was 40% of the dry weight of the seeds with Evodia daniellii Hemsley, 41% with Mallotus japonicus Muell.-Arg., 38.5% with Zanthoxylum schinifolium S. et Z., 2.3% with Gleditsia japonica var. koraiensis(Nak.) Nakai. The seed oil from Mallotus japonicus and Zanthoxylum schinifolium became hard and was not soluble to diesel and kerosene. The seed oil from Evodia daniellii was easily soluble both to diesel and kerosene, so that the engine test was done only with the Evodia seed oil. 2) The specific gravity of diesel and the Evodia seed oil was 0.840 and 0.932 respectively. The mixed seed oil with diesel had proportionally lower specific gravity as the mixing percent increased. The following results were obtained with diesel engine. a) The maximum output of the diesel engine measured by D.C. Motoring Dynanometer at the 2400rpm of normal revolution was 6ps with the 0% seed oil, 6.2ps with the 30%, 6.55ps with the 50%, 6.7ps with the 70%, 6.6ps with the 90% and 6.6ps with the 100% seed oil. b) The rate of fuel consumption at the 4/4 normal loading was 239g/ps-hr with the 100%seed oil which had the least rate among the treatments and 250g/ps-hr with the 30%, 253/ps-hr with the 0%, 256g/ps-hr with the 50%, 257g/ps-hr with the 90%, 258g/ps-hr with the 70%. The consumption rate at the 11/10 overloading was 251g/ps-hr with the 90% seed oil which had the least rate, and 253g/ps-hr with the 70%, 259g/ps-hr with the 30%, 261g/ps-hr with the 50%, 279g/ps-hr with the 0% and 281g/ps-hr with the 100%. c) The coefficient of fluctuation of instantaneous speed was 6% with the 0% seed oil, while 5-5.7% with the 30% to 100%. The coefficient of fluctuation of stable speed was 5% with the 0% seed oil, while 1.9-5.5.% with the 30% to 100%. In general the mixed fuel showed excellent governer performance as compared with the pure diesel. d) Revolution at the unloading condition was 3030rpm at high speed, 600rpm at low speed in all combinations of oil-diesel mixture. e) The concentration of hydrocarbon(ppm) and carbon monoxide(%) was respectively 800ppm and 0.05% in the 0% seed oil, 500ppm and 0.04% in the 30%, 500ppm and 0.03% in the 50%, 500ppm and 0.03% in the 70%, 450ppm and 0.03% in the 90%, 400 ppm and 0.02% in the 100%. f) The lowest engine oil temperature at which the engine can start was -10℃ with the 0% seed oil, -5℃ with the 50%, -2℃ with the 70%, 3℃ with the 90% and 5℃ with the 100%. However, in case of using prewarmed engine, there were no difficulties in starting engine with all combination of oil at the air temperature of -10℃. 3) The specific gravity of kerosene was 0.785 and that of the mixture with the Evodia seed oil increased as the percentage of the seed oil increased. The kerosene engine was able to start with the 10% seed oil kerosene, but the plug was easily contaminated. On the continuous running, the pre-ignition and knocking occured because of the carbon accumulation at plug. With the 20% seed oil, incomplete combustion caused back fire, flame and knocking at the muffler. With the 30% seed oil, the engine was able to start with difficulties and the seed oil which sticked on the main nozzle, air bleed jet and slow nozzle in the carburetor caused serious hunting and the engine stopped. 4) The protein content of the Evodia seed residuals after the oil extraction was 24%, suggesting that could be used as animal feed. The above results suggested that the seed oil from Evodia daniellii can not be used in the kerosene engine but excellent fuel substitute in the diesel engine.

3個의 耕耘날을 利用한 平衡振動式 耕耘裝置(Ⅴ) : 運動解析과 要因分析

金成泰,金容煥,崔圭洪,金成泰 慶尙大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.27 No.1

This is the fifth part of series of reports on the study on a blanced-type oscillating tillage implement using triple blades system. Previous reports were made on the characteristics of power requirement and vibration with which tillage implements were oscillated parappep and perpendicular to the travelling direction. In this paper, the locus and motion analysis of the tillage blade and factor analysis were carried out. Obtained results are as follows : 1. The loci od the blade edge were described as helix curve at vertical oscillation and as lacerated curve at horizontal oscillation to the soil bin movement. 2. The motion equations of blade edge are estimated as follows. Vertical forced vibration ?? ?? Horizontal forced vibration ?? ?? 3. The multiple regression equations for resultant oscillating acceleration draft, specific resistance, and torque were established by using frequency, amplitude, life angle of tillage blade, and velocity of carriage as indepentent vibrations, respectively. 4. By reducing the velocity ratio is increased providing higher effect of the reduced draft. But this effect contradicted to achieve the reduced osillating acceleration. Both effects should be considered simultaneously to find out the optimum operating condition. 5. The reduction effect of the oscillating acceleration was slightly favoured to the horizontal forced vibration type, but traction efficiency could be lowered due to the increased slippage. Therefore, it can be concluded that the vertical forced vibration type is more appropriate considering overall performances. 6. From the experimental results, the optimum operating conditions of the vertical forced vibration type are recommended as follow ; life angle 30 degree, operation velocity 0.15 metre per second, amplitude 4-6 millimetre, and frequency 22.5 hertz.

Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of Dabsyl Chloride with p-Substituted Anilines

嚴泰燮,崔舜圭,成大東,韓性彬 東亞大學校 大學院 1985 大學院論文集 Vol.10 No.-

염화답실과 치환아닐린과의 친핵성 치환반응을 여러 용매계에서 진행시키고 이때의 반응속도 상수를 결정하였다. Br?nsted β값과 Hammett ρ?값들의 결과로부터 전이상태에서 결합파괴보다 결합형성이 우선함을 알 수 있었다. 분광용매화 상관관계식으로부터 용매의 수소결합주게(HBD) 산도 값(α)의 기여도 보다 용매의 편극-극성값(π?)의 기여도가 더 크게 작용함으로서 전이상태에서 결합 형성에 용매의 작용이 큼을 알았다. 또한 Dansyl과 Bansyl의 산 염화물보다 속도상수값이 크게 관측되어지는데 이것은 친핵체가 반응기질의 평면에 수직되게 공격함으로써 전이상태가 더욱 안정화되기 때문이며 이느 Marcus의 전이상태이론에서 concerted mechanism이 작용함을 의미한다 하겠다.