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Ryoo, Soo-Ryoon,Cho, Hyun-Jeong,Lee, Hye-Won,Jeong, Hey Kyeong,Radnaabazar, Chinzorig,Kim, Yeun-Soo,Kim, Min-Jeong,Son, Mi-Young,Seo, Hyemyung,Chung, Sul-Hee,Song, Woo-Joo Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Journal of Neurochemistry Vol.104 No.5
<P>Abstract</P><P>Most individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) show an early-onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which potentially results from the presence of an extra copy of a segment of chromosome 21. Located on chromosome 21 are the genes that encode &bgr;-amyloid (A&bgr;) precursor protein (<I>APP</I> ), a key protein involved in the pathogenesis of AD, and dual-specificity tyrosine(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (<I>DYRK1A</I> ), a proline-directed protein kinase that plays a critical role in neurodevelopment. Here, we describe a potential mechanism for the regulation of AD pathology in DS brains by DYRK1A-mediated phosphorylation of APP. We show that APP is phosphorylated at Thr668 by DYRK1A <I>in vitro</I> and in mammalian cells. The amounts of phospho-APP and A&bgr; are increased in the brains of transgenic mice that over-express the human DYRK1A protein. Furthermore, we show that the amounts of phospho-APP as well as those of APP and DYRK1A are elevated in human DS brains. Taken together, these results reveal a potential regulatory link between APP and DYRK1A in DS brains, and suggest that the over-expression of DYRK1A in DS may play a role in accelerating AD pathogenesis through phosphorylation of APP.</P>
Ryoo, Soo-Ryoon,Kim, Young-Kwan,Kim, Mi-Hee,Min, Dal-Hee American Chemical Society 2010 ACS NANO Vol.4 No.11
<P>Carbon-based materials, including graphene and carbon nanotubes, have been considered attractive candidates for biomedical applications such as scaffolds in tissue engineering, substrates for stem cell differentiation, and components of implant devices. Despite the potential biomedical applications of these materials, only limited information is available regarding the cellular events, including cell viability, adhesion, and spreading, that occur when mammalian cells interface with carbon-based nanomaterials. Here, we report behaviors of mammalian cells, specifically NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells, grown on supported thin films of graphene and carbon nanotubes to investigate biocompatibility of the artificial surface. Proliferation assay, cell shape analysis, focal adhesion study, and quantitative measurements of cell adhesion-related gene expression levels by RT-PCR reveal that the fibroblast cells grow well, with different numbers and sizes of focal adhesions, on graphene- and carbon nanotube-coated substrates. Interestingly, the gene transfection efficiency of cells grown on the substrates was improved up to 250% that of cells grown on a cover glass. The present study suggests that these nanomaterials hold high potential for bioapplications showing high biocompatibility, especially as surface coating materials for implants, without inducing notable deleterious effects while enhancing some cellular functions (<I>i.e.</I>, gene transfection and expression).</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2010/ancac3.2010.4.issue-11/nn1018279/production/images/medium/nn-2010-018279_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn1018279'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Ryoo, Soo-Ryoon,Lee, Jieon,Yeo, Jinah,Na, Hee-Kyung,Kim, Young-Kwan,Jang, Hongje,Lee, Jung Hyun,Han, Sang Woo,Lee, Younghoon,Kim, Vic Narry,Min, Dal-Hee American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.7
<P>MicroRNA (miRNA) is an important small RNA which regulates diverse gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs are considered as important biomarkers since abnormal expression of specific miRNAs is associated with many diseases including cancer and diabetes. Therefore, it is important to develop biosensors to quantitatively detect miRNA expression levels. Here, we develop a nanosized graphene oxide (NGO) based miRNA sensor, which allows quantitative monitoring of target miRNA expression levels in living cells. The strategy is based on tight binding of NGO with peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes, resulting in fluorescence quenching of the dye that is conjugated to the PNA, and subsequent recovery of the fluorescence upon addition of target miRNA. PNA as a probe for miRNA sensing offers many advantages including high sequence specificity, high loading capacity on the NGO surface compared to DNA and resistance against nuclease-mediated degradation. The present miRNA sensor allowed the detection of specific target miRNAs with the detection limit as low as ∼1 pM and the simultaneous monitoring of three different miRNAs in a living cell.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-7/nn401183s/production/images/medium/nn-2013-01183s_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn401183s'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Kim, Seongchan,Ryoo, Soo-Ryoon,Na, Hee-Kyung,Kim, Young-Kwan,Choi, Byong-Seok,Lee, Younghoon,Kim, Dong-Eun,Min, Dal-Hee The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Chemical communications Vol.49 No.74
<P>The multifunctional DNAzyme (Dz) delivery system is developed based on nano-sized graphene oxide (nGO) for simultaneous detection and knockdown of the target gene. The Dz/nGO complex system allowed convenient monitoring of HCV mRNA in living cells and silencing of the HCV gene expression by Dz-mediated catalytic cleavage concurrently.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The multifunctional DNAzyme (Dz) delivery system is developed based on nano-sized graphene oxide (nGO) for simultaneous detection and knockdown of the target gene. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3cc43368d'> </P>
Kim, Young-Kwan,Ryoo, Soo-Ryoon,Kwack, Sul-Jin,Min, Dal-Hee WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Angewandte Chemie. international edition Vol.48 No.19
<P>Pattern of events: A simple and flexible method has been developed for patterning cell adhesion ligands. Locally erasing self-assembled monolayers with tri(ethyleneglycol) groups on a gold substrate by using a MALDI-TOF MS nitrogen laser and filling the exposed gold surface with an alkanethiol presenting carboxylic acid groups enables subsequent immobilization of maleimide and a cell adhesion peptide, which can then recognize cells (see scheme). <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2009-48-19-ANIE200806098-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2009-48-19-ANIE200806098-content'> </P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Pattern of events: A simple and flexible method has been developed for patterning cell adhesion ligands. Locally erasing self-assembled monolayers with tri(ethyleneglycol) groups on a gold substrate by using a MALDI-TOF MS nitrogen laser and filling the exposed gold surface with an alkanethiol presenting carboxylic acid groups enables subsequent immobilization of maleimide and a cell adhesion peptide, which can then recognize cells (see scheme). <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2009-48-19-ANIE200806098-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2009-48-19-ANIE200806098-content'> </P>