김정은 단독 통치 시기 문화예술의 특징

김정수 ( Jeong Soo Kim ) 단국대학교 한국문화기술연구소 2013 한국문화기술 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the trends of North Korean culture and art in 2012, which is the Kim Jeong-eun’s sole dominion period, and to discuss its outlook for the future. When North Korean culture and art in 2012 are closely examined in discourses and works, Kim Jeong-eun’s aspiration, at the beginning of the year, of making his country a military-first ‘socialist civilized country’ is considered successful to a certain extent. Kim Jeong-eun kept on practicing his New Year aspiration through the idolization of Kim Jeong-il, putting women in front, and interchanges with the outside world while having military-first discourses continue. What is noteworthy is that the performing arts that emphasize spectacles are freed from the obsession of the military-first or socialist ideological implications. Acrobatic Chunhyangjeon is only a public performance in which superior abilities of actors and actresses and colorful spectacles are prominent. Moranbong Band’s playing of the theme song of Rocky is only a performance. Of course, North Korea clothes Chunhyangjeon and Moranbong Band’s performance with political rhetoric. But rhetoric is only rhetoric and it is confirmed that the performance has nothing to do with rhetoric Then, in what direction will North Korea’s culture and art develop in the future「Roughly two directions are predicted. The first direction is, as can be easily guessed, the idolization phenomena. As North Korea’s Rodong Sinmun newspaper showed in 2012, after the death of Kim Jeong-il, the enactment of Gwnagmyeongseong Holiday, the publication of completed works of Kim Jeong-il, the organization of Kim Jeong-il achievements become the preview of the direction of future North Korean culture and art circles. The second direction is the attention payed to house wives and the outside world. What was particularly noticeable in 2012 was that the leading characters of dramas, movies, and novels which North Korea evaluated as success were all women. Particularly, the fact that middle-aged women, rather than young women, were placed in front is noteworthy. At the same time, North Korea is paying attention to the outside world. The performing of Chinese and Russian works has been practiced since 2009, but broadcasting Lion King, whose prototype is Shakespeare’s Hamlet, is certainly a new phenomenon. North Korea is actively paying attention to the West. It is most probable for Kim Jeong-eun who has to stand alone to perform the works like Lion King in order to obtain emotional supports from the people and to interact with the West. North Korea’s paying attention to women and the outside world will continue for some time to come.

일반논문 : 연극론 『연극예술에 대하여』의 특성 연구

김정수 ( Jeong Soo Kim ) 한국공연문화학회(구 한국고전희곡학회) 2011 공연문화연구 Vol.0 No.22

본 연구는 김정일의 『연극예술에 대하여』를 면밀히 읽어가면서, 김정일 자신이 평가한 ``새로움``의 실체를 밝히는 것이 목적이다. 연구과정에서는 김정일 연극론과 북한의 1950년대 연극론과 비교하는 방식을 취했으며, 연구결과 김정일 연극론에 ``새로운``이라는 형용사를 부여하는 것은 무리임이 드러났다. 계승과 새로움이 서로 교차되어 있기 때문이다. 먼저 계승의 측면은 극작법에서 발견된다. 극작법에서 등장인물과 언어에 관한 김정일의 주장은 1950년대 연극론의 연장선이며, 종자에 관한 그의 이론은 1950년대에 제기된 개념의 변형이기 때문이다. 또한 희곡/연극예술의 표현수단이 ``대사``라는, 연기에 있어서 움직임보다 화술에 치중하라는 그의 지침은 1950년대 연극론과 비교할 때, 연극예술에 대한 개념의 축소로 해석된다. 반면 ``새로움``의 측면은 무대형상화에서 확실히 발견된다. 고정되었던 무대배경이 암전 없이 그대로 이동한다는 것은 이전 무대장치와는 분명 구분되는 것이며, 무대가 연기자의 정서적 흐름을 반영하려는 시도는 그 성패를 떠나 시도만으로 높이 평가할 수 있다. 이와 더불어 코러스가 적극적으로 극에 개입하여, 극중 인물의 정서를 직접적으로 관객에게 전달하고, 창작자의 의도대로 관객의 반응을 유도한 점 역시 기존의 연극론과 변별성을 갖는다. 연극적으로 평가할 때, 무대와 음악에 관한 김정일의 이론과 실천은 시청각성의 극대화라는 의미를 부여할 수 있다. 따라서 김정일 연극론은 그의 주장과 같이 온전히 ``새로운`` 이론이라기보다는 기존 연극론의 축소적 계승이면서, 스펙터클의 확대에 초점을 둔 창작론이라 하겠다. This study aims to closely read Kim Jong-il`s “About Stage Drama Arts” and disclose the new reality as evaluated by him. The study took the method by which to compare Kim Jong-il`s theory on drama and North Korea`s drama theory in the 1950s, and the findings of this study revealed that it was irrational to grant the adjective “new” to Kim Jong-il`s drama theory. This is because tradition inheritance and newness cross each other. First, his tradition inheritance aspect was found in his playwriting method. In playwriting method, Kim Jong-il`s argument about characters and language is an extension of the 1950s drama theory, and his theory on JongZa(seeds) is the transformation of the concept proposed in the 1950s. Also, the expression means of dramas and drama arts is dialogue, and his guideline to focus on the art of conversation rather than on acting is interpreted to be a reduced concept of drama arts, compared with the 1950s drama theory. On the other hand, his newness aspect can be clearly discovered in the materialization of stage. The fixed stage background, without dark change, shifts to another situation as it is, and this stage setting is clearly distinguished from the previous stage setting. The attempt is worth highly evaluating to allow the stage to reflect actors` emotional flows and let them act. Also, the attempt is distinctively distinguished from previous drama theories to allow the chorus` positive involvement in dramas so as to directly deliver characters` emotions to the audience and to trigger the audience` response as intended by creators. From the perspectives of drama evaluation, Kim Jong-il`s theory and practice regarding stage and music is understood to maximize the audio-visual effects. Therefore, Kim Jeong-il`s drama theory, as he argues, is not a completely new theory, but a transformational inheritance of existing drama theories, and a creation theory with focus on expansion of spectacles.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

조직배양에 의한 위도상사화(Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim)의 효율적 기내번식

고정애 ( Jeong Ae Ko ),김인숙 ( In Sook Kim ),정공수 ( Gong Soo Jeong ),최정란 ( Jeong Ran Choi ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 농업생명과학연구 Vol.43 No.2

위도상사화(Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim)의 효율적인 기내 급속 대량 증식체계를 확립시키고자 잎과 인편을 배양하였다. 5℃에서 60일간 저온 처리한 모구를 구고를 중심으로 상부, 중부 및 하부로 구분하여 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA, 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA 또는 3.0mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리된 MS 배지에 배양한 결과 식물생장조절물질과는 관계없이 디스크가 부착된 인편의 하부가 캘러스 및 자구 형성에 가장 효과적인 부위였다. 캘러스는 잎절편이나 인편조직에서 쉽게 형성되었으나 소자구 및 신초는 인편에서만 형성되어 기내번식에 적합한 절편체는 인편이었다. 자구 형성 및 신초분화는 배지내 첨가된 식물생장조절물질에 따라 치상체에서 직접 자구를 형성하거나 캘러스를 통해 식물체로 분화되는 2가지 경로로 형성되었는데 디스크가 부착된 인편을 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA, 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA 또는 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리된 MS 배지에 배양하여 30일 이내에 60%-100%까지 유도하였다. 다량의 자구형성 및 유지는 MS배지에 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA가 혼용되거나 또는 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리 되었을 때 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리 되었을 때 보다 효과적이었다. 6% sucrose는 자구형성 및 비대를 촉진시켰으며 특히 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리배지에 6% sucrose를 첨가시키므로 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA가 혼용 배지보다 구의 비대가 1-2배 증가하였다. 인편유래 캘러스로부터 기관분화 또는 인편에서 직접 분화된 자구에서 성공적으로 식물체가 재분화되었다. This study was conducted to establish an effective in vitro mass propagation system using leaf and bulb scale explant sources of Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim. For the bulb scale culture, the bulbs treated at 5℃ for 60 days were dissected into three parts according to bulb height (upper, middle, and bottom), and allowed for a culture on the MS medium with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, and 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA plus 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA. Regardless of plant hormone treatments, the bottom part of the bulb including the disk proved to be most effective in forming the callus and bulblets. Callus was readily produced on the young leaf segment and bulb scale tissues, whereas, bulblets and shoots were formed only on bulb scale explants. Bulb scales with disk appeared to the best optimal explant for in vitro propagation. Two distinct pathways, either organogenesis through callus or direct bulblet formation, could be recognized in bulb scale culture. Bulblet formation and shoot organogenesis from the bulb scales with disk were effectively induced up to the 60%~100% on the MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, and 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA within 30 days of culture. On MS media supplemented with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA or 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA were more effective than 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA for induced and maintained a large number of bulblets. Six percent of sucrose enhanced bulblet formation and expanded the bulblets. Especially, adding 6% of sucrose on MS media supplemented with 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA was one or two times of bulblets expanted than on MS mediun with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA plus 6% of sucrose. Plantlet regeneration was successfully achieved from bulb scale-derived callus, via shoot bud induction or direct bulblet formation.

동진강 수계 농업용수 수질평가

한수곤,최정식,문영훈,엄미정,김갑철 한국환경농학회 2000 한국환경농학회지 Vol.19 No.2

동진강 수계의 수질현황을 파악하기 1994∼1998년 까지 4∼9월에 월 1회에 걸쳐 5개년간 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 월별로는 빗물에 의한 희석효과로 7, 8월에 수질이 가장 양호하였으며, 4월이 다소 불량하였으나 수도생육 피해 한계농도에는 미치지 못하는 수준이었다. 지점별 수질현황은 생활하수 유입지인 정읍천과 지천의 폭이 좁은 원평천의 무기성분 함량이 높았으며 동진천 상류지역에서 가장 양호하였다. 연도별 현황은 '94년 이후 '95년까지는 수질이 악화되는 경향을 보였으나 '95년 이후로는 각 성분 함량이 낮았지는 등 점점 양호해지고 있으며 COD함량으로 볼 때 특히, 정읍천의 수질이 개선되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 양이온과 음이온의 총당량온 4월에 가장 높았고 7, 8월에 가장 낮았으며 양이온/음이온의 당량비는 5월에 높았고 7월이 가장 낮았으며 지점에 따라서는 총당량은 정읍천, 원평천, 동진천 하류, 중류, 상류의 순위였으며 양이온/음이온 총당량 비율은 원평천이 상대적으로 작은 수치를 보였지만 지역간 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다. 수질 중 각 성분 상호간의 상관관계를 보면, 대개의 성분 상호간에 유의성이 높게 나타났으나, NO₄^--N는 대개의 성분과 유의성이 없었고, PO₄^(3-)-P도 COD, NH₄^+-N, NO₃^--N, SO₄^(2-)과는 유의성을 보이지 않았다. This study was conducted to monitor the irrigation water qualities along Dong-Jin river watershed. The water quality was surveyed at 6 sites from April to september during 1994∼1998. And the results were as follows : In July and August, water quality was better than that of any other months due to dilution with rainwater. Whereas, it became worse in April but it involved lower contents than limitted contents affected to the crop damage. Content of inorganic components was higher at Jeong-up and Won-pyeong stream. The reason for it that Jeong-up stream was deteriorated with sewage water from Jeong-up city, and Won-pyeong stream has narrow width. Water quality in upstream of Dong-Jin river, was evaluated best conditions in all sampling sites. For investigated period, water quality got worse from 1994 to 1995 but it was getting better to 1998 after 1995, especially at Jeong-up stream. The total equivalent of cation and anion was the highest at April through all months and at Jeong-up stream in sampling sites. Equivalent ratio of cation to anions(∑C/∑A) was higher at May than any other months and lower at Won-pyeong streams than any other sites. The value of most inorganic components was highly correlated with those of other components. But the value of NO₃^--N was not correlated with that of most components, and PO₄^(3-)-P was not correlated with COD, NH₄^+-N, NO₃^--N, SO₄^(2-_.

1960년대 북한의 연극 연출법 -행동분석법을 중심으로-

김정수 ( Jeong Soo Kim ) 한국연극학회 2013 한국연극학 Vol.1 No.50

This study aimed to examine the method of physical action, presented as a direction method in the North Korea drama circles in the 1960s, as well as its application in the production process, thus reporting this fact to the domestic play circles. The study found that the method of physical action was a direction method that was facilitated by North Korean personnel who had studied in Russia. North Korea`s the method of physical action is classified into three stages. The first is to reduce theoretical analysis as much as possible, while analyzing plays and characters` super-objective, top tasks, and through line of action based on actions. This offers the strength of narrowing the actor-character distance. The second is analysis as "me," not as "him" while the theoretical analysis pursues an analysis of "him" not "me" according to NK explanations. In other words, the theoretical analysis takes approach from the "character" to "me," while the method of physical action takes approach from "me" to the "character." To that end, the director asks actors questions from diverse angles not implied in the play, thus stimulating their imagination. The third is to use etude actively. The etude progresses as the directing team presents situations, leading actors to exercise their imagination, perform impromptu dialogues and behaviors, and construct scenes. This delivers the vitality of improvisation to the stage. As such, before Kim Jong-il intervened in NK literature and arts, in particular, from the 1960s to the mid-1960s, the new direction method, namely, the method of physical action, appeared in NK play circles, leading it to be the key argument. NK play personnel paid to this method of physical action because it narrowed the actor-character distance, derived the vital response through improvisation, and rationally, not forcefully, motivated actors to play. Before Kim Jeong-il`s `Seongwhangdang-type plays were introduced to NK, the method of physical action suggests that, in NK play circles, diversity, ceaseless exploration, and productive arguments prevailed.

정지용의 가톨리시즘 연구

김정수(Kim, Jeong-Soo) 한국현대문학회 2017 한국현대문학연구 Vol.0 No.52

정지용의 가톨리시즘에 대한 기존의 평가는 크게 두 가지 양상으로 나타난다. 하나는 이른바 ‘영육의 갈등’으로 불리는 내면성을 결여함으로써 시적 진정성을 확보하지 못하고 피상적인 수준의 종교인식에 머물렀다는 것이며, 다른 하나는 신과 자아의 관계를 숭배와 복종의 ‘주/종’ 관계로 수용함으로써 신앙의 단순성을 면치 못했다는 점이다. 그리하여 정지용의 종교시는 일시적 퇴행현상으로 간주되고 그것의 실패는 기정사실처럼 받아들여졌다. 그러나 이러한 평가는 존재자의 근원적인 비애를 망각하지 않으면서 어떻게든 삶의 비극성을 신앙의 본질적 계기로 껴안고자 한 시인의 의지를 간과하고 있다. 정지용의 가톨리시즘은 삶의 비극성을 신앙의 본질적인 계기로 긍정하고자 한다. 비애는 결여가 아니라 우리를 삶의 근원적인 장소로 되돌리는 충만한 힘이자 신앙의 원동력이다. 이러한 정지용의 사유는 기독교적 시 정신으로서 사랑의 의미에 대한 탐구로 이어진다. 신앙의 아름다움은 삶의 비극성을 부정하지 않고 껴안으며 하나님을 향하여 피어오른다는 데 있다. 이 상승과정 속에서 ‘천상/지상’의 이원론적 구도는 허물어지고 상호귀속의 친밀한 관계가 솟구쳐 오른다. 정지용의 종교시는 신과 인간의 이원론적인 구도와 신의 외재적 초월성이 허물어지는 과정을 형상화하고 있는 것이다. Till now, it is understood that Ji Yong Jeong"s poetry in his mid-period readily depends on a religion and seeks religious transcendence (escapism) and, therefore, his catholic poetry is just a model of failed religious poems. However, this criticism neglects the intent of a poet who wanted to accommodate tragedy of life as the essential drive of the religion, without forgetting fundamental sadness of an existence. The base of Ji-Yong Jeong"s catholicism is the understanding that "religion and sadness", which look like to be in confrontation with each other, in fact, belong to each other and can coexist. Ji-Yong Jeong"s catholicism admits fatalistic tragedy of life as the intrinsic motive of the religion. The religion he sought goes toward the God, accommodating ugliness contained in tragedy of life, rather than denying it. In the accelerating process that transforms from discontinuity of "sadness/religion, reality/ideal or hopeless/transcendence" to continuity between them, the dualistic structure of "Heaven/Earth" collapses and a close relationship of mutual belonging arises. Catholic poetic spirit starts from this relationship of love. The one thing that should not be neglected is that religious ecstasy comes from sadness of the ego. He poetically confesses that people can truly experience a transcendental existence and its love when they accommodates such tragedy as the essence of life without denying it, rather than forgetting or avoiding troubles given to them.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

온실내 번개탄 훈연 농약처리에 의한 찔레수염진딧물(Macrosiphum ibarae Matsumura)생력적 방제방법 연구

김우룡,김정수,김정부 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2001 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.14 No.-

This study was conducted to investigate injury, density and labour-saving control method of Macrosiphum ibarae Matsumura(MIM), an insect pest of rose, In Kyeongnam province. Population density of MIM was more spring than compared with autumn. Flower bud injury ration were 7∼12% in spring and 13∼17% in autumn in Chinju, Changwon and Kimhae respectively. It's damage was found from Feb. to Nov. and there was four times damaged peak. Labour saving control method of MIM is more effective on the method of fumigation of insecticide coated on the" Beonggaetan charcol" from Feb. to Nov. in rose's greenhouse, and the time was early in Feb., early in May, early in Jul. and middle of Oct.. The saving effect of control expenses was 80% in method of fumigation of insecticide coated on the" Beonggaetan charcol" (New control method) compared with farmer's control method.

국화해충의 1종인 애긴노린재 (Nysius plebejus Distant)의 생력적 방제방법 연구

김정수,김우룡,김정부 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2001 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.14 No.-

This study was conducted to investigate injury, density and labour-saving control method of Nysius plebjus Distant(NPD), an insect pest of chrysanthemum, in Kyongnam province. Population density of NPD was more autumn than compared with spring. Leaf injury ration were 4∼12% in spring and 18∼35% in autumn in Chinju, Changwon and Kimhae respectively. It's damage was found at Feb, to Nov. and there was three times damaged peak. Labour-saving control method of NPD is more effective on the method of fumigation of insecticide coated on the "Beonggaetan charcol" from Feb. to Nov. in chrisanthemum's greenhouse, and the time was middle in Feb., early in Jun. middle of Aug. and middle of Oct.. The saving effect of control expecses was 78% in method of fumigation of insectcide coated on the "Beonggaetan control"(New control method) compared with farmer's control method.