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Hexavalent Chromium Reduction by Bacteria from Tannery Effluent
( Rida Batool ),( Kim Yrjala ),( Shahida Hasnain ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.4
Chromium is generated from several industrial processes. It occurs in different oxidation states, but Cr(III) and Cr(VI) are the most common ones. Cr(VI) is a toxic, soluble environmental contaminant. Some bacteria are able to reduce hexavalent chromium to the insoluble and less toxic Cr(III), and thus chromate bioremediation is of considerable interest. An indigenous chromium-reducing bacterial strain, Rb-2, isolated from a tannery water sample, was identified as Ochrobactrum intermedium, on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The influence of factors like temperature of incubation, initial concentration of Cr, mobility of bacteria, and different carbon sources were studied to test the ability of the bacterium to reduce Cr(VI) under variable environmental conditions. The ability of the bacterial strain to reduce hexavalent chromium in artificial and industrial sewage water was evaluated. It was observed that the mechanism of resistance to metal was not due to the change in the permeability barrier of the cell membrane, and the enzyme activity was found to be inductive. Intracellular reduction of Cr(VI) was proven by reductase assay using cell-free extract. Scanning electron microscopy revealed chromium precipitates on bacterial cell surfaces, and transmission electron microscopy showed the outer as well as inner distribution of Cr(VI). This bacterial strain can be useful for Cr(VI) detoxification under a wide range of environmental conditions.
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PHA synthesis by bacteria using low density polyethylene, starches and cellulosics
Sohail Rafeya,Batool Rida,Jamil Nazia 한국미생물학회 2021 미생물학회지 Vol.57 No.3
This study was conducted for optimization of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production using starches, cellulosics as carbon sources and mixed cultures. The capability of PHA producers to degrade and utilize LDPE (Low-density polyethylene) by carbon assimilation was also studied. Tannery effluents were used for isolation of PHA producers and screened using Nile blue and Nile red supplemented media. PHA production studies showed optimal PHA production occurred during 24 to 48 h time. Maximum PHA production was obtained at 24 h. After 48 h, gradual decline in PHA production was observed. Best candidate for PHA production was found to be strain PWF, based on number, size of granules inside cell, and %PHA production. PHA production was also optimized by use of mixed culture. Among starch-based sources, highest production rates were on pure starch. Among cellulose-based sources, maximum production rates were on dry wood powder instead of pure crystalline cellulose. In contrast, wood extract and wood shavings showed more pronounced PHA production rates, comparable to production on dry wood powder. LDPE utilization as sole carbon source in selective media showed that PHA producers were able to degrade synthetic plastic. Focus of future studies can be PHA production using these sources on industrial scale.
ScienceON
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