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Kim, Do Heui,Mudiyanselage, Kumudu,Szanyi, Já,nos,Hanson, Jonathan C.,Peden, Charles H. F. American Chemical Society 2014 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.118 No.8
<P>Based on the combined FTIR and XRD studies, we report here that H<SUB>2</SUB>O induces a morphological change of KNO<SUB>3</SUB> species formed on model K<SUB>2</SUB>O/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> NOx storage-reduction catalysts. Specifically as evidenced by FTIR, the contact of H<SUB>2</SUB>O with NO<SUB>2</SUB> preadsorbed on K<SUB>2</SUB>O/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> promotes the transformation from bidentate (surface-like) KNO<SUB>3</SUB> species to ionic (bulk-like) ones irrespective of K loadings. Once H<SUB>2</SUB>O is removed from the sample, a reversible transformation into bidentate KNO<SUB>3</SUB> is observed, demonstrating a significant dependence of H<SUB>2</SUB>O on such morphological change. TR-XRD results show the formation of two different types of bulk KNO<SUB>3</SUB> phases (orthorhomobic and rhombohedral) in an as-impregnated sample. Once H<SUB>2</SUB>O begins to desorb above 400 K, the former is transformed into the latter, resulting in the existence of rhombohedral KNO<SUB>3</SUB> phase only. On the basis of consistent FTIR and TR-XRD results, we propose a model for the morphological changes of KNO<SUB>3</SUB> species with respect to NO<SUB>2</SUB> adsorption/desorption, H<SUB>2</SUB>O and/or heat treatments. Compared with the BaO/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> system, K<SUB>2</SUB>O/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> shows some similarities with respect to the formation of bulk nitrates upon H<SUB>2</SUB>O contact. However, there are significant differences that originate from the lower melting temperature of KNO<SUB>3</SUB> relative to Ba(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2014/jpccck.2014.118.issue-8/jp410816r/production/images/medium/jp-2013-10816r_0008.gif'></P>
Methodology of CFD analysis for evaluating H<sub>2</sub> explosion accidents in an open space
Kang, H.S.,NO, H.C.,Kim, S.B.,Kim, M.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.40 No.7
<P>One of the critical regulation issues for the development of a very high temperature reactor (VHTR) with a hydrogen production facility is the safety distance between a VHTR and a hydrogen production facility. The multi-energy method (MEM) was found as the effective correlation because it predicts an overpressure buildup rising from a detonation shock to a weak explosion. However, the MEM has several drawbacks that include the inability to predict an asymmetric explosion phenomenon. Therefore, we developed a CFD analysis methodology for predicting an overpressure buildup caused by a hydrogen explosion with an error range of approximately 30% on the basis of test results. Furthermore, we observed the important physics of hydrogen explosion due to the small-scale obstacle through a comparison between the CFD results and the test results. The obstacle structure may delay the pressure wave propagation and give rise to a superposition of the pressure waves. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
H<sub>2</sub>O/(LiBr+CaCl<sub>2</sub>) 3성분계 흡수용액의 용해도 및 증기압 특성 평가
노상용,장영훈,구기갑,정시영,김용원,김수경,No, S.Y.,Jang, Y.H.,Koo, K.K.,Jeong, S.,Kim, Y.W.,Kim, S.K. 대한설비공학회 1997 설비공학 논문집 Vol.9 No.2
Solubility on $(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ in water has been measured systematically and compared with those of pure LiBr. It has been observed that there exists optimum value of $CaCl_2(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ in solubility when total$(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ concentration is higher than 57wt%. As total concentration increases up to 65wt%, it is found that the optimum value also increases monotonically. From the experimental results, a master plot has been constructed, with which optimum ratio of LiBr to $CaCl_2$ can be found in terms of total concentration. Vapor pressure of $H_2O/(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ solution with optimum contents of $CaCl_2$ has been observed to be changed negligibly at relatiely low temperature. However, as temperature increases, it is found that increasement in vapor pressure is significant.
자기기록유도박막헤드용 Ni-Fe 합금박막의 제조와 연자기적특성에 관한 연구
김용성,이경섭,노재철,서수정,박현순 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.2
자기기록 유도박막헤드용 81Ni-19Fe wt% 합금박막의 적정제조조건과 연자기적성질에 대해 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 magnetoelectrolysis법을 사용하여 81Ni-19Fe wt%의 조성으로 2㎛두께의 유도박막헤드소자를 제작하였다. 적정한 전기도금조건은 NiSO_4·6H_2O : 200g/l, FeSO_4·7H_2O : 8g/l, Ni치_2·6H_2O : 5g/l H_3BO_3 : 40g/l, 사카린 : 3g/l, 라우릴황산나트륨 : 0.05G/L, 전류밀도 : 5mA/㎠, 도금액 온도 : 39℃, 교반 rpm : 375 rpm, 양극과 음극사이의 거리 : 5cm, 인가자장 : 300 Oe였다. 적정 도금조건으로 제조된 막은 열처리전의 보자력은 0.15Oe 포화자속밀도는 8kG 수준이었으나, 300℃, 400 Oe 조건으로 열처리한 후 조사한 자지적특성은 보자력이 자화곤란축 : 0.03Oe, 자화용이축 : 0.07 Oe으로 매우 낮은 값이였고, 포화자속밀도는 9.7kG이상의 양호한 연자기적 특성을 보였다. Optimal manufacturing conditions and soft magnetic properties of 81Ni-19Fe wt% thin films for thin film inductive (TFI) heads have been studied. TFI element (81Ni-19Fe wt% films with 2 ㎛ thickness) was fabricated by using an magnetoelectrolysis method. The most suitable electroplating conditions were as follows ; NiSO_4 · 6H_2O : 200 g/l , FeSO_4·7H_2O : 8g/l, NiCl_2·6H_2O : 5g/l H_BO_3 : 40 g/l saccharin : 3 g/l, sodium lauryl sulfate : 0.05 g/l, current density : 5 mA/㎠, plating bath temperature : 39℃, agitation : 375 rpm, anode-cathode distance : 5 cm and applied magnetic field : 300 Oe. By the above optimal electroplating conditions, we observed that the electroplated films had the soft magnetic properties of low coercivity (<0.15 Oe) and high 4πM_s, (>8 kG). The better soft magnetic properties of the films were achieved under the magnetic field annealing at 300℃ After annealing, the coercivity of film was 0.03 Oe at the hard axis and 0.07 Oe at the easy axis, whereas the 4πM_s of film was 9.7 kG.
Hur, Y.G.,Kim, M.S.,Lee, D.W.,Kim, S.,Eom, H.J.,Jeong, G.,No, M.H.,Nho, N.S.,Lee, K.Y. Butterworths [etc.] ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 Fuel Vol.137 No.-
In this study, we tried hydrocracking of vacuum residue into lighter liquid oils using dispersed colloidal catalysts composed of nanosheet-structured WS<SUB>2</SUB> materials. The vacuum residue of API gravity=2.3<SUP>o</SUP> was used as a reactant and hydrocracking reactions were performed in an autoclave batch reactor under 400<SUP>o</SUP>C and the initial H<SUB>2</SUB> pressure of 70bar. Both single and multi-layer WS<SUB>2</SUB> nanosheet catalysts were tested and their activities were compared with those of bulk WS<SUB>2</SUB> and MoS<SUB>2</SUB> catalysts. The single-layer WS<SUB>2</SUB>, which was the highest in specific surface area (97.6m<SUP>2</SUP>/g) due to its smallest particle size, showed the best performances in commercial fuel fraction yield (45.4wt.%), C<SUB>5</SUB>-asphaltene conversion (75.3%), API gravity of liquid product (13.8<SUP>o</SUP>), and metal removal activity. To characterize the physicochemical properties of catalyst, various characterization techniques were applied, including transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. In addition, to assess the qualities of hydrocracking products, we carried out API gravity measurement, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and simulated distillation (SIMDIS) analysis.
초등교사의 감정노동, 사회적 지지와 삶의 질 간의 관계
경예빈,김보민,김수정,노지현,송지윤,염소희,이현아,허유림,홍소연,차지영,박수민 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2017 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.51
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation of emotional labor, social support, and quality of life among elementary school teacher. Methods: A correlational descriptive design was used with convenience sampling between July and December, 2016. The survey was self reported questionnaire administered to 130 elementary school teachers in the urban area. Data was statistically analyzed using t-test and one way ANOVA. Results: The average score of participants' emotional labor is 2.80, social support 3.89 and quality of life 3.65 of the total of 5. Emotional labor was negatively correlated to social support (r=-.178, p<.05) and quality of life(r=-.438, p<.001). Social support was positively correlated to quality of life (r=.336, p<.001). Conclusion: This study has significance as a basic data to understand the relation of emotional labor, social support, quality of life among elementary school teachers. Also, nursing interventions suitable for elementary school teachers should be developed to decrease the level of emotional labor, strengthen the social support, and enhance their quality of life.
전주 근교 농장의 자돈에서 면역형광항체법을 이용한 돼지콜레라 혈청 중화항체가 조사
허창열,김영진,노수일,김진구,송희종,김종면 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1991 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.4 No.-
In order to evaluate the effect of vaccinantion for hog-cholera virus, sera were collected from each 20 piglet out of 26-32 days old before vaccination, and then from the 14th and 28th day post-vaccination(PV) with LOM live virus vaccine at the J and C swine ranches in the suburbs of Chonju. Monoclonal antibody(MAb) against ALD strain of hog cholera virus(HCV) and goal antimouse FITC-conjugates were employed in indirect immunofluorescence(IF) test for the titration of HCV and neuralization IF test for serum neutralization(SN)-Ab-titers against HCV. SN-Ab-titers(M±S.D.) were <2±0 in all piglets before vaccination at the both swine ranches. Whereas SN-Ab-titers of the J and C swine ranches were 111.2±115.08 and 144±121.7 at the 14th day PV and were 361.6±279.6 and 723.2±966.2 at the 28th day PV, respectively. Compared with Duncan's test, SN-Ab-titers were not significantl difference between the H and C swine ranches of the 14th day PV, but were significantly difference at the 28th day PV (P<0.0009). Therefore, SN-Ab-titers were significantly difference between the 14th and 28th day at the J or C ranches, respectively(P<0.0007, P<0.0114). Excepting SN-Ab-titer was1:16 in one piglet of the 14th day PV at the J swine ranch, defensible levels of SN-Ab-titers could be detected in all piglets PV of the both swine ranches. It is suggested that varied dffect of vaccination against HCV may be depended by feed and mangement, enviroment, sanitary conditions, breed and pedigree or vaccination program, etc.