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이형옥,조정호,한치문 한국정보사회진흥원 2003 정보화정책 Vol.10 No.1
본 논문에서는 초고속국가망의 가입자별 망구조와 초고속 국가망을 이용하는 기능에 따른 가입자망의 유형을 분석하고, 이를 토대로 초고속국가망에서 가입자망의 정보보호를 위한 보안모델을 제시한다. 이를 위해 가입자망 구조를 FR망 가입자, ATM망 가입자 및 라우터망 가입자로 구분하고, 가입자망의 기능을 인터넷 백본 모델, ATM종단간 전용선 기능인 가상 터널링 모델, VPN모델로 분류한 다음, 각 모델별 가입자 정보보안을 위한 대응 방안을 분석한다. In this paper, subscriber network types in KII(Korea Infornation Infrastructure) accofding to subscriber network structures and the application types of subscriber are analyzed, and the protction models for the user data of subscriber networks on KII are proposed. The subscriber network structures such as FR(Frame Relay) network, ATM network and router network are defined, and the service application model in KII are classified. As a results, user data protection methods suitable for each model are analyzed.
A new method of laparoscopic pectopexy for uterine prolapse
( Moon Hyeong Cho ),( Hye Rim Park ),( Eun Jeong Jeong ),( Jung Mi Byun ),( Young Nam Kim ),( Dae Hoon Jeong ),( Moon Su Sung ),( Ki Tae Kim ),( Kyung Bok Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
Sacral colpopexy is a gold standard in prolapse surgery, however, the laparoscopic approach has not really been accepted in broad clinical use. The objective of this report was to describe a new method of laparoscopic pectopexy for uterine prolapse. A 32-year-old multiparous woman was referred to our clinic for evaluation of uterine prolapse. The patient wanted to preserve fertility. The patient underwent laparoscopic pectopexy without any complications. The lateral parts of the iliopectineal ligament were used for a bilateral mesh fixation of the descended structures. A laparoscopic approach has major advantages over the abdominal approach including a short recovery time, fewer scars, less postoperative pain, and shorter hospitalization. The technique of laparoscopic pectopexy is relatively new and represents an alternative to the established methods of vaginal prolapse. This technique guarantees a stable fixation of the pelvic floor and allows the surgeon good control of tension.
Moon, Hyeong-Gon,Han, Wonshik,Ahn, Soo Kyung,Cho, Nariya,Moon, Woo Kyung,Im, Seock-Ah,Park, In Ae,Noh, Dong-Young Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2013 Annals of surgery Vol.257 No.1
OBJECTIVE:: To investigate whether the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) is affected by molecular features of primary breast cancer and the use of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted agents. BACKGROUND:: Improved understanding of factors affecting the accuracy of breast MRI after NST can lead to more tailored use of MRI in deciding surgical extent after NST. METHODS:: We analyzed the imaging and clinicopathological data of 463 patients who underwent NST. We aimed to investigate whether the molecular subtypes, and the use of targeted therapies, were associated with changes in the accuracy of MRI predicting residual tumor extent. RESULTS:: The accuracy of MRI predicting the residual tumor extent was most accurate in triple-negative breast cancer and was least accurate in Luminal A subtype (Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.754 and 0.531, respectively). Multivariate analysis suggested estrogen receptor (ER) status as an independent factor influencing the MRI accuracy. In HER2-amplified tumors, the use of HER2-targeted agents was associated with a less accurate MRI prediction. CONCLUSIONS:: The accuracy of MRI in predicting residual tumor extent was lowest in ER-positive tumors treated with NST. In HER2-positive tumors, the use of HER2-targeted agents resulted in a less accurate MRI after NST. These factors should be considered for deciding the extent of breast conservation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Prediction of Axial Length Using Schematic Eyes in Emmetropia
Hyeong-Su Kim,Hyun-Gug Cho,Byeong-Yeon Moon,Dong-Sik Yu 대한시과학회 2016 대한시과학회지 Vol.18 No.2
목 적: 여러 모형안을 이용하여 굴절이상도와 각막곡률반경으로부터 안축길이를 예측할 수 있는 계산식 을 유도하고 그 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법: 안질환 및 안과적 수술 과거력이 없는 정시안 101명(174안)을 대상으로 하였으며, 평균 나이는 54.62±9.11세였다. Gullstrand의 정식 모형안, Gullstrand의 약식 모형안, Gullstrand-Emsley의 약식 모 형안, Le Grand의 이론적 모형안, Bennett와 Rabbetts의 약식 모형안을 이용하여 안축길이를 예측하는 계 산식을 유도하였다. 각각의 계산식에 자동굴절력계로 측정한 굴절이상도, 각막곡률반경을 적용하여 안축길 이를 예측하였고, IOL-Master로 실측한 안축길이와 비교하여 일치도를 평가하였다. 결 과: 측정된 안축길이와 계산된 안축길이 사이의 차이는 Gullstrand의 약식 모형안, Gullstrand- Emsley의 약식 모형안, Bennett와 Rabbetts의 약식 모형안, Le Grand의 이론적 모형안, Gullstrand의 정 식 모형안 순으로 적었으며, Gullstrand의 약식 모형안으로 계산된 안축길이만이 측정된 안축길이와 통계적 으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p=0.309). 그 중에서도 Gullstrand의 약식 모형안이 일치도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결 론: 정시안에서 굴절이상도와 각막곡률반경을 기반으로 한 안축길이의 예측은 Gullstrand의 약식 모 형안이 더 정확하였다. 따라서 계산식을 이용한 정확한 안축길이의 예측은 개인별 안경렌즈 설계에 적용될 수 있을 것으로 본다. Purpose: This study aimed to drive formulas and evaluate their usefulness to predict axial length (AL) on the basis of refractive error and corneal radius using schematic eyes. Methods: This study comprised 101 emmetropic subjects (174 eyes) with a mean age of 54.62±9.11 years. All subjects were free of any ocular disease and had no history of ocular surgery or trauma. Formulas for calculation of ALs were obtained using Gullstrand’s exact schematic eye, Gullstrand’s simplified schematic eye, Gullstrand-Emsley’s schematic eye, Le Grand’s schematic eye, and Bennett and Rabbetts’schematic eye, respectively. ALs were predicted by each formula with measured refractive error and corneal radius by auto-refractometer. The calculated ALs were compared with measured ALs by IOL-master, and the agreement between ALs were evaluated. Results: The difference between measured AL and calculated AL was small in the order of Gullstrand’s simplified schematic eye, Gullstrand-Emsley’s schematic eye, Bennett and Rabbetts’ schematic eye, Le Grand’s schematic eye, and Gullstrand’s exact schematic eye. Gullstrand’s simplified schematic eye only was not statistically significant (p=0.390), there was high agreement between two ALs in Gullstrand’s simplified schematic eye. Conclusions: Axial length can be more accurately predicted by formula for calculation based on refractive error and corneal radius using Gullstrand’s simplified schematic eye in emmetropia. Therefore, the accuracy prediction of axial length using a formula could be applied to design of individual spectacle lenses.