An Analysis of Less-able Students’ Motivation in their English Learning in the Primary Schools

Shim,Kyu-Nam 한국초등영어교육학회 2010 초등영어교육 Vol.16 No.1

This small-scale study aims to analyze how less-able students in the primary schools perceive certain components of motivation with regard to their English language learning. Thus, it examines the less-able students’ current perception of their English language learning. In order to conduct this research, a close-ended questionnaire was adopted and quantitative data of 81 participants were obtained from ten primary schools; then factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were carried out. The results of the study reveal that generally there are two major components which have an effect on the participants’ motivation with respect to their English language learning: intrinsic motivation and parents. While having relatively low intrinsic motivation, the participants are generally encouraged to learn English in order to meet their parents’ expectations. A number of significant minor components were also found to be responsible for the participants’ motivation such as the participants’ self-efficacy and teachers. Tentative implications and recommendations for the development of the less-able students’ motivation regarding English language learning are discussed in the towards the end of the study.

Towards an Understanding of Teachers' Mediation in English Language Teaching in the Primary Schools

Shim,Kyu-Nam 한국초등영어교육학회 2009 초등영어교육 Vol.15 No.2

This small-scale study aims to investigate how primary teachers of English perceive their role as mediators with regard to English teaching. Thus, it examines the teachers' current mediation principles and their perceived practice. This study also sets out to gain an in-depth understanding of further issues which emerged from the dissonance between the teachers' beliefs and their perceived practice of mediation. In order to conduct the research, a mediation questionnaire was adopted from Williams and Burden (1997), and another open-ended questionnaire was constructed to obtain the qualitative data from 22 participants who are teachers of English and are in a Master's degree program. The results of the study reveal that generally teachers hold and exercise their own beliefs regarding their role as mediators. However, they do not put some of their principles into practice. A number of significant factors were found to be responsible for this, these are: unfavorable teachers' working conditions, dedication to the national curriculum, and their awareness of certain mediation principles. Some particular areas needing further investigation were identified in the last part of the study.

유두체-시상로의 신경종말에 관한 연구

양남길,심동원,김종규,안의태 순천향대학교 1985 논문집 Vol.8 No.1

This experiment was performed to define the ultrastructural character of axon terminal of mammillothalamic tract. The rats weighing 250∼300 gm were stereotaxically lesioned in the mammillary body. 2,7 and 14 days following the lesion, animals were sacrificed and perfused with 1% glutaraldehyde-1% paraformaldehyde solution(pH 7.2∼7.4), and anterior thalamic nuclei were punched out from the successfully lesioned brain. Tissue punchings were fixed in the same fixative as perfusion liquid overnight, immersed in the 2% osmic acid (pH 7.2∼7.4), dehydrated through alhcohol series, and embedded in the Araldite mixture. Degenerated axon terminals within the anterior thalamic nucleus following the mammillary lesion show two kinds of patterns, i,e., dark degeneration and lucent degeneration. Boutons of both types were asymmetrically synapsed with dendritic spine. Some boutons were synapsed directly with dendritic body, but from the correlative serial readings they showed the impression that they were originally synapsed with the spine. The result was contrasted with the former report that the synaptic type was defined as axo-dendritic one. The evidence suggests that axon-terminals of mammillothalamic tract make asymmetric axo-spinous synapses within anterior thalamic nucleus.

Does Performance Assessment System Operate as Intended in a Classroom-Based Assessment?

Kyu Nam Shim 한국초등영어교육학회 2015 초등영어교육 Vol.21 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate how primary school teachers of English generally perceive performance assessment as part of classroom-based assessment (CBA) in the school. This study also examines a number of mainstream theories on language testing and assessment which are relevant to performance assessment and classroom-based assessment, while taking into account how performance assessment in the primary school classroom conforms to these theoretical principles. In order to conduct the research, the teachers' usual method of performance assessment was surveyed two times, and their perceptions were analyzed from a total of 41 participants; a focused group interview was administerd to 8 teachers in order to consolidate the data obtained from the survey. According to the results of the study, the teachers generally believed that performance assessment in the schools operate properly; they were quite positive about the current performance assessment system and what they did as an assessor across the performance assessment cycle. However, there are a number of issues which need to be addressed: First, pre-announcement of performance assessment should be operated effectively in order to give stakeholders enough information on what the students are expected to do in the assessment activities. Second, the record and the report system need to be improved in order to communicate with stakeholders more successfully; through this, the feedback from the stakeholders could be more useful in improving what the teachers do in the classrooms. Some particular areas and issues needing further investigation were identified in the last part of the study.

Two Different Perceptions of the National Assessment of Educational Achievement of Primary English in Korea

( Kyu Nam Shim ),( Won Key Lee ) 서울敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 2012 한국초등교육 Vol.23 No.4

This study aims to investigate how the stakeholders perceive the development and implementation of the National Assessment of Educational Achievement of Primary English (hereafter NAEAPE). This study also sets out to uncover, and to obtain in-depth understanding of the issues which emerged from the author`s earlier work in 2011, which had investigated washback effect of NAEAPE on teachers` beliefs and practices. Following a discussion of national curriculum of primary English and assessment policy, this study introduces the overall structure and implementation system of the NAEAPE. This study also examines a number of mainstream theories of language testing or assessment which are relevant to NAEAPE and considers how NAEAPE conforms to these theoretical principles. For this research, 691 students from 9 middle schools in 3 different cities participated in the study; they took the NAEAPE in July 2011 when they were in the 6th graders in the primary schools. 75 head teachers or deputy head teachers from 50 primary schools in the same areas took part in the study. In addition, 10 NAEAPE item writers joined the research. Regarding research instrument, 3 questionnaires were developed; the questionnaire for the students consisted of close-ended questions, but the questionnaires for head teachers and test developers were comprised of both closed and open-ended questions. Analysis of the quantitative data was carried out using SPSS (15.0 for Windows) and the qualitative data were analyzed through classification and listing. The results of the study are as follows: First, generally all the stakeholders hold their own firm beliefs regarding the NAEAPE; two-thirds of all the participants accepted that the NAEAPE was worthy of implementation. However there are still a considerable number of respondents who regarded the test as unnecessary. Second, contrary to the expectation, the impact of the test was not very big. Also the test had more influence on what teachers did than what students did in the schools; teachers were usually massively concerned about the test and its results, but the students were not. Third, with reference to the future direction of the test, the national curriculum needs revising so that the NAEAPE can function more effectively, in that the curriculum is currently so finely tuned that it is very difficult to develop various and creative test items. In addition, the data base of test items should be constructed, through which the stakeholders can get useful information about the testing such as topics, vocabulary lists, and sentence structures. Finally, certain areas needing further investigation were identified.

원추 생검 마취 시 Ketamine은 Fentanyl을 대치할 수 있는가?

심규대 ( Kyu Dae Shim ),심연희 ( Yeon Hee Shim ),남상범 ( Sang Beom Nam ),김대희 ( Dae Hee Kim ),장철호 ( Chul Ho Chang ),이종석 ( Jong Seok Lee ) 대한마취과학회 2003 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.44 No.3

An Analysis of Assessment Tasks Used in the Primary School English Textbooks and Teachers' Guides

심규남(Kyu Nam Shim) 한국초등영어교육학회 2014 초등영어교육 Vol.20 No.4

This study aims to analyze 5th and 6th grade English textbooks and teachers' guides which are now in use in South Korean primary schools. This study also sets out to gain the teachers' perceptions on the testing materials presented in the textbooks and the teachers' guides. In order to conduct the study, through the literature review, analysis criteria of test items were constructed with two angles: test item types and thinking process types. To investigate teachers' perceptions, a questionnaire consisting of a number of open-ended questions and some close-ended ones was administered to over 84 teachers from different cities. The results of the study are as follows: First, almost all the textbooks consist of two parts of testing materials; formative test papers are usually provided in the last part of each unit and summative tests are presented in the annexed papers. Second, from the angle of test item types, multiple-choice questions, true-false questions, matching items, and sequencing items are generally used in order to assess the comprehension skills of English language. Performance oriented test items usually integrated more than two skills of English. Third, from the viewpoint of the thinking process used by learners when they address the test items, the test items usually lead the learners to recall items of language from short term memory, and to check simple facts and comprehension. Fourth, the test items asking the learners to choose the correct answer among the given options are more frequently used in the teachers' guides. Fifth, the participating teachers are generally satisfied with the test items presented in the textbooks and the teachers' guides, but they also put forward a number of opinions relevant to the issue of improving current test items.

Physiological Activities of Extracts from Flowers and Stems of Tagetes minuta

Kyu-Bong Shim,Eun-Young Joo,Yang-Suk Lee,Nam-Woo Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2011 No.10

Investigation of microstructural and electrical properties of self-aligned Ni-InGaAs alloy contacts to InGaAs as a function of rapid thermal annealing temperature

Shim-Hoon Yuk,Hyun-Gwon Park,V. Janardhanam,Kyu-Hwan Shim,Sung-Nam Lee,Chel-Jong Choi 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.S1

We have investigated microstructural and electrical properties of self-aligned Ni-InGaAs alloy used as contact material toInGaAs as a function rapid thermal annealing (RTA) temperature. The Ni-InGaAs alloy was the only phase resulting fromsolid-state reaction between Ni and InGaAs, regardless of the RTA temperature. Microstructural evolutions of Ni-InGaAs andoverlaid Ni films were observed for increasing RTA temperature. The increase in RTA temperature resulted in increasing thesize of the pinholes formed in the Ni film, which could be associated with the columnar growth nature of sputter-deposited Nifilm. A relatively uniform Ni-InGaAs layer was formed after RTA at 300 oC, which could be responsible for the minimumspecific contact resistivity observed at this temperature. Above this temperature, the Ni-InGaAs layer underwent severestructural degradation such as the formation of microvoids in its surface area, leading to a rapid increase in specific contactresistivity.

복강경수술시 Trendelenburg 체위와 Reverse Trendelenburg 체위는 최고흡기압과 동맥혈 가스의 변화에 영향을 주는가 ?

심규대,남상범,정장환,이종석 대한정맥마취학회 2001 정맥마취 Vol.5 No.3

Background: Laparoscopic surgery has increased in popularity due to its small skin incision, reduced postoperative pain and short hospital day. But increased abdominal pressure caused by CO_2 insufflation and Trendelenburg position or reverse Trendelenburg position affects cardiovascular function and pulmonary ventilation. Some studies suggested that Trendelenburg position affect more serious results on pulmonary ventilation than reverse Trendelenburg position, but others do not. So we designed this study to compare the difference of peak inspiratory pressures and arterial blood gases between Trendelenburg position and reverse Trendelenburg position in laparoscopic surgery. Methods: Twenty patients undergoing laparoscopic operation were randomized into two groups. Group Ⅰ (n = 10) was laparoscopic gynecological surgery under Trendelenburg position, and group Ⅱ (n = 10) was laparoscopic cholecystectomy under reverse Trendelenburg position. All patients were mechanically ventilated (a tidal volume of 12 ㎖/㎏ at a respiratory rate of 12 breaths/minute) with 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen with enflurane. We measured peak inspiratory pressure, PaO_2 and PaCO_2 at pre-CO_2 insufflation, 10 minute after CO_2 insufflation, 30 minute after CO_2 insufflation and 10 minute after CO_2 deflation, respectively. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in peak inspiratory pressure, PaCO_2 and PaO_2. Conclusions: We suggest that there are no changes in pulmonary ventilation between Trendelenburg and reverse Trendelenburg position in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.