Development and Characterization of Horse Bone-derived Natural Calcium Phosphate Powders

Jang, Kyoung-Je,Cho, Woo Jae,Seonwoo, Hoon,Kim, Jangho,Lim, Ki Taek,Chung, Pill-Hoon,Chung, Jong Hoon Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2014 바이오시스템공학 Vol.39 No.2

Purpose: This study was to develop an effective process for fabricating biocompatible calcium phosphate powders (CPPs) using horse bones, and to investigate the characteristics of them. Methods: The characteristics of horse bone powders (HBPs) were investigated according to the different osseous tissue types (compact bone and cancellous bone), bone types (spine and tibia), pretreatment methods (cold water, $H_2O_2$, and hot water), sintering time (4, 8 and 12h), and sintering temperature (600, 900, 1100 and $1300^{\circ}C$). In addition, the grinding methods were compared based on the wet grinding (ball mill) and dry grinding (blade grinder) method to make it as powders. Finally, their cytotoxicity and cell viability were checked. Results: Regardless of the types of osseous tissues and bones, HBPs were well fabricated as biocompatible CPPs. It was also found that the pretreatment methods did not influence on the resultants, showing well-fabricated HBPs. Considering the processing time, the hot water method was the most suitable compared to other pretreatment methods. Further, 12h-sintering time was sufficient to remove residual organic compounds. The sintering temperatures greatly affected the properties of bone powders fabricated. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) peak of horse bone sintered at $600^{\circ}C$ was most closed to that of hydroxyapatite (HA). Our bioactivity study demonstrated that the HBPs fabricated by sintering horse bones at $1300^{\circ}C$ showed the best performance in terms of cell viability whereas the HBPs $1100^{\circ}C$ showed the cytotoxicity. Conclusions: Using various types of horse bone tissues, biocompatible CPPs were successfully developed. We conclude that the HBPs may have a great potential as biomaterials for various biological applications including bone tissue engineering.

Development of Calcium Phosphate Cements from Horse Bone-Derived Nano-hydroxyapatite

( Kyoung Je Jang ),( Seonwoo Hoon ),( Seung Jung ),( Sang Bae Park ),( Jong Hoon Chung ) 한국농업기계학회 2016 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.1

Study on in vitro Osteogenic Differentiation on Calcium Phosphate Composite using Naturally Derived Size Controlled Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan

( Kyoung-je Jang ),( Hoon Seonwoo ),( Jong Hoon Chung ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Demands of bone grafting materials are growing, owing to an aging society and the increase of leisure including sports activities. Ideally, autograft and allograft have been preferred for evading the risk of immune response. However, due to several limitations, such as the need for additional surgery and the lack of donors and the possibility of infection, xenograft has been regarded as the promising substitute for autograft. The most common exogenous bone sources in clinical usage are bovine and porcine bone. In tissue engineering fields, there are very few studies related to equine bone grafts. Hydroxyapatite (HA), the main inorganic component of animal bone, has a weak compressive strength for bone grafting. The composite structure, HA with various types of natural or synthetic polymer, has been developed for overcoming disadvantageous of synthetic or naturally derived hydroxyapatite, such as poor mechanical strength. In this study, chitosan, a derivative of chitin composed of N-acetylglucosamine, was used to fabricate calcium phosphate composite with HA. In the fabrication of calcium phosphate composites (CPCs), different size of equine bone-derived (EB) HA powder (5 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm) with a chitosan solution was mixed and then dried at room temperature. The surface roughness of calcium phosphate composites was affected by granular size. The human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABMSCs) were seeded on to each composite, to observe the effect on the proliferation and differentiation. The results showed that there were no significant differences with each composite but differentiation and cell morphologies. The composites with 5 μm and 50 μm had better osteogenic differentiation.

Biological acitivities of extrats from Schizophyllum commune

Kyoung-Yun Kang,Seung-Eon Ban,Eun-Kyoung Jang,Kyung-Je Kim,Kyoung-Sun Seo,Kwang-Sang Kim,Seong-Tae Lee 한국버섯학회 2012 버섯 Vol.16 No.1

3D Printed PCL-Equine Bone Powder Porous Scaffold for Osteogenesis

( Kyoung-je Jang ),( Sangbae Park ),( Myungchul Lee ),( Jae Eun Kim ),( Jong Hoon Chung ) 한국농업기계학회 2019 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.2

3D printing technology has been gradually applied to the various research fields due to its processing features such as reducing by-products, availability of designing the internal structure, and so on. Especially, bone tissue engineering fields still require the precisely designed scaffolds, having internal and external morphologies suitable for cells to enhance osteogenic behaviors and to secure space for regeneration. 3D printing has been still considered a promising fabrication process for the ideal scaffold. In this study, calcium phosphate ceramic/PCL blended scaffolds were fabricated using fused deposition modeling. The sintered hydroxyapatite (HA), extracted from an equine long bone via calcination process at 900 ℃, was used as calcium phosphate ceramics. The PCL/HA/DCM (dichloromethane) (10:1:0.5) blends were pre-heated in the dispensing unit for 30 min at 70 ℃, followed by the printing process at 2~4 kPa, 70 ℃. The scaffold had 300-500 um diameter of a single strand and 200~400 um of pore size. The cell cytotoxicity and osteogenesis of the PCL/HA were better than PCL. The 3D printed scaffold based on PCL/HA/DCM system is a promising prospect for future bone regeneration applications.

Preperation of Chitosan/Equine Bone Hydrogel for Three Demensional Printing Ink

( Kyoung-je Jang ),( Sangbae Park ),( Jae Eun Kim ),( Hyun-mok Son ),( Jong Hoon Chung ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.2

3D printing technology has regarded as a promising technology to overcome the limitations, such as making large scale in vitro tissue model, in tissue engineering fields. In order to mimic the appropriate in-vivo like tissue structures via 3D printing technique, it is essential to choose the suitable hydrogel with printability, without cytotoxicity. Chitosan (CS) has been reported as one of the non-cytotoxic naturally derived polymers, could be fabricated to the thermosensitive hydrogel. In this study, the thermosensitive CS hydrogel and heat treated equine bone (EB) powder were used as ink for 3D printing. For investigating the printing condition, the temperature of the ink reservoir and printing plate was controlled. And then a cube (10 × 10 × 10 mm) was converted into G-code and printed using the 3d printer (custom made). The results showed that the stability and architecture of CS hydrogel structure were most accurate at the temperatures of the reservoir were 30°C and plate was 60°C. According to the results of printability using CS/EB hydrogel, the CS/EB hydrogel could be used to the 3D-printable ink. To evaluate the 3D-printable ink with animal cells, it needs more in vitro studies such as cell cytotoxicity and viability.

Biological Engineering : Original Article ; Development and Characterization of Horse Bone-derived Natural Calcium Phosphate Powders

( Kyoung Je Jang ),( Woo Jae Cho ),( Hoon Seonwoo ),( Jangho Kim ),( Ki Taek Lim ),( Pill Hoon Chung ),( Jong Hoon Chung ) 한국농업기계학회 2014 바이오시스템공학 Vol.39 No.2

Purpose: This study was to develop an effective process for fabricating biocompatible calcium phosphate powders (CPPs) using horse bones, and to investigate the characteristics of them. Methods: The characteristics of horse bone powders (HBPs) were investigated according to the different osseous tissue types (compact bone and cancellous bone), bone types (spine and tibia), pretreatment methods (cold water, H2O2, and hot water), sintering time (4, 8 and 12h), and sintering temperature (600, 900, 1100 and1300°C). In addition, the grinding methods were compared based on the wet grinding (ball mill) and dry grinding (blade grinder) method to make it as powders. Finally, their cytotoxicity and cell viability were checked. Results: Regardless of the types of osseous tissues and bones, HBPs were well fabricated as biocompatible CPPs. It was also found that the pretreatment methods did not influence on the resultants, showing well-fabricated HBPs. Considering the processing time, the hot water method was the most suitable compared to other pretreatment methods. Further, 12h-sintering time was sufficient to remove residual organic compounds. The sintering temperatures greatly affected the properties of bone powders fabricated. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) peak of horse bone sintered at 600°C was most closed to that of hydroxyapatite (HA). Our bioactivity study demonstrated that the HBPs fabricated by sintering horse bones at 1300°C showed the best performance in terms of cell viability whereas the HBPs 1100°C showed the cytotoxicity. Conclusions: Using various types of horse bone tissues, biocompatible CPPs were successfully developed. We conclude that the HBPs may have a great potential as biomaterials for various biological applications including bone tissue engineering.

환경데이터 기반 디퓨저 제어에 관한 연구

장경천(Jang kyoung Cheun),박상용(Park Sang Yong),한경헌(Han Kyoung Heon),조제현(Jo je hyeon),김인수(Kim in su) 한국통신학회 2018 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.11

양, 염소 및 오리의 스마트 축사 연구개발 현황

장경제 ( Kyoung Je Jang ),심성보 ( Sung-bo Sim ),김현태 ( Hyeon-tae Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2021 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.1

최근 ICT의 급속한 발전에 따라 스마트 생산 시스템과 관련된 기술의 개발이 급속도로 이루어지고 있으며, 스마트팜의 확산도 이에 발맞추어 이루어지고 있다. 최근 급격히 늘어난 육류소비량에 대응하기 위해 국내 축산업의 규모도 확장되고 있는 시점에, 축산업에도 스마트농업을 도입하려는 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 이는 비단 국내에서만 발견되는 현상은 아니며, 정밀 가축 농장(Precision Livestock Farming)이라는 이름으로 세계적으로 확산 추세에 있다. 정밀가축농장은 거의 모든 축종에 대해 적용되고 있으며, 이에 사용되는 기술, 센서, 컴퓨터 도구의 적용에 대한 문헌이 많이 발표되어 있다. 본 문헌 검토의 목표는 양, 염소, 오리 등과 같은 축종에 대한 정밀가축농장과 관련하여 수행된 지난 20여년 간의 국내외 문헌을 조망하는 것이다. 본 고에서는 정밀가축농장을 구축하기 위해 사용되는 장치를 농장 환경관리, 가축의 사양관리, 농장의 경영관리를 위한 세가지 측면으로 나누어 조사하였다. 양, 염소, 오리 등의 축종은 소, 양, 닭 등의 주요 가축보다 사육두수가 적고 규모가 크지 않아 주로 해외의 연구 사례와 일부 국내사례를 조사하였다. 양과 염소의 경우 유럽, 아프리카 일부 지역, 오세아니아의 일부 지역의 목초지에서 사육이 이루어지고 있었다. 사육의 목적은 육류, 양모, 관광상품, 낙농으로 조사되었으며 사육의 형태는 대부분 방목으로 이루어지고 있었다. 이러한 사육 특성 때문에 환경관리는 GPS와 GIS 정보를 이용하여 가축 떼에 의한 목초지의 피해 규모를 정량화하는 데 주목하고 있었으며, 아직 드론 이미지를 이용한 영상 촬영 등을 이용한 접근은 이루어지지 않았다. 가축의 사양은 GPS와 가속도 센서 등을 이용하여 가축 무리의 행동을 예측하고 해석하는 연구가 주를 이루고 있었다. 오리의 경우는 국내 일부 연구가 조사되었으며 다른 축종에 비해 많은 개발이 이루어지지 않고 단순 자동화와 관련된 연구가 조사되었다. 농장관리 시스템은 낙농용 양과 염소와 관련된 연구에서 발견되었고, 사료 투입량 대비 우유 생산능력과 관련된 시스템이 몇 개 조사되었다. 정밀가축농업은 가축의 복지, 생산량, 품질과 같은 주요 요소를 더 쉽고 편하게 관리할 수 있게 함으로써 점점 더 중요한 기술로 다루어질 것으로 예측된다. 소, 돼지, 닭에 치우친 국내 육류소비의 특성 때문에 양과 염소와 같은 축종은 제한적으로 사육되고 있지만, 스마트 축사 기술을 적용하여 경쟁력 있는 생산이 시급하다. 또한, 주요 축종 외에 가장 소비량이 많은 오리에 대해서도 이러한 기술들이 적용된다면 오리의 품질관리 및 생산단가를 낮춤으로 경쟁력 있는 축종을 개발할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Appraising the Efficacy and Safety of Cilostazol after Coronary Artery Stent Implantation

Jang, Jae-Sik,Jin, Han-Young,Seo, Jeong-Sook,Yang, Tae-Hyun,Kim, Dae-Kyeong,Kim, Dong-Soo,Kim, Dong-Kie,Seol, Sang-Hoon,Kim, Doo-Il,Cho, Kyoung-Im,Kim, Bo-Hyun,Park, Yong Hyun,Je, Hyung-Gon,Jeong, You S. Karger AG 2012 Cardiology Vol.122 No.3

<P>Abstract</P><P><B><I>Objectives:</I></B> To evaluate the impact of cilostazol on the angiographic and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stents and treated with aspirin and thienopyridine. <B><I>Methods:</I></B> A total of 11 randomized controlled trials including 8,525 patients comparing triple antiplatelet therapy (aspirin, thienopyridine and cilostazol) with standard dual antiplatelet therapy were included in the analysis. The primary end points were in-segment late loss and angiographic restenosis at angiographic follow-up. Secondary end points included mortality, stent thrombosis, target lesion revascularization (TLR) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). <B><I>Results:</I></B> Triple antiplatelet therapy was associated with a significant reduction in late loss [weighted mean difference 0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08–0.20; p < 0.001] and angiographic restenosis [odds ratio (OR) 0.58, 95% CI 0.48–0.71; p < 0.001]. Addition of cilostazol to dual antiplatelet therapy was associated with a significant reduction in TLR (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.41–0.77; p < 0.001) and MACE (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.60–0.86; p < 0.001) with no differences in mortality (p = 0.29), stent thrombosis (p = 0.60) or bleeding episodes (p = 0.77). <B><I>Conclusions:</I></B> Cilostazol in addition to dual antiplatelet therapy appears to be effective in reducing the risk of restenosis and repeat revascularization after PCI without any significant benefits for mortality or stent thrombosis.</P><P>Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>