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Analysis of Statistical Methods and Errors in the Articles Published in the Korean Journal of Pain
Yim, Kyoung-Hoon,Nahm, Francis Sahn-Gun,Han, Kyoung-Ah,Park, Soo-Young The Korean Pain Society 2010 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.23 No.1
Background: Statistical analysis is essential in regard to obtaining objective reliability for medical research. However, medical researchers do not have enough statistical knowledge to properly analyze their study data. To help understand and potentially alleviate this problem, we have analyzed the statistical methods and errors of articles published in the Korean Journal of Pain (KJP), with the intention to improve the statistical quality of the journal. Methods: All the articles, except case reports and editorials, published from 2004 to 2008 in the KJP were reviewed. The types of applied statistical methods and errors in the articles were evaluated. Results: One hundred and thirty-nine original articles were reviewed. Inferential statistics and descriptive statistics were used in 119 papers and 20 papers, respectively. Only 20.9% of the papers were free from statistical errors. The most commonly adopted statistical method was the t-test (21.0%) followed by the chi-square test (15.9%). Errors of omission were encountered 101 times in 70 papers. Among the errors of omission, "no statistics used even though statistical methods were required" was the most common (40.6%). The errors of commission were encountered 165 times in 86 papers, among which "parametric inference for nonparametric data" was the most common (33.9%). Conclusions: We found various types of statistical errors in the articles published in the KJP. This suggests that meticulous attention should be given not only in the applying statistical procedures but also in the reviewing process to improve the value of the article.
Changes of AEPex and BIS during General Anesthesia with Propofol, Isoflurane and Sevoflurane
Kang, Hoon,Kim, Sang-Tae,Lee, Hye-Kyoung,Yim, Kyoung-Hoon 충북대학교 의학연구소 2002 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.12 No.2
연구목적: 흡입마취제와 정맥마취제에 의한 전신마취환자에서 마취심도지수인 AEPex와 BIS의 마취심도 평가능력을 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 마취 전처치를 하지 않은 18세에서 70세 사이의 일일수술환자를 각군별로 15명씩 3군으로 나누어 마취유도전부터 마취로부터 각성시까지 AEPex와 BIS의 변화 추이를 관찰하였다. 결과 : AEPex와 BIS수치는 마취시보다 마취유도전과 각성시에 현저하게 높았다. AEPex는 사용된 마취제의 종류에 관계없이 마취로부터 각성시에 각성 1분전보다 의미있게 높았다. 그러나 BIS는 사용된 마취제의 종류에 따라 각성전과 각성후 수치에 있어서 다른 AEPex와 양상을 보여 주었다. AEPex는 사용된 각 마취제의 군별로 차이가 없이 특정시간대별로 일관된 수치를 보여주었으나 BIS는 그 수치가 마취제 군 간에 큰 차이가 있었다. 결론: AEPex와 BIS는 모두 마취로부터 각성시에 의식회복을 탐지할 수 있었다. 그러나 의식회복 탐지능력에 있어서 AEPex는 사용된 마취제에 의해 영향을 받지 않았으나 BIS는 마취제의 종류에 따라 의식탐지능력에 차이가 있었다. 마취유도시부터 각성시까지 AEPex는 BIS보다 사용된 마취제에 관계없이 훨씬 일관된 변화양상을 보여주었다. Purpose: The capability of the BIS and AEPex was investigated to assess anesthetic depth with inhalation anesthetic agents, and also compared with intravenous maintenance with propofol in spontaneously breathing patients from induction to recovery. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 unpremedicated daycase patients aged 18 to 70 undergoing minor general surgical procedures were randomly allocated to receive one of three anesthetic techniques: maintenance with isoflurane(n=15), sevoflurane(n=15), or propofol(n=15). BIS and AEPex was monitored continuously, in the awake state and during general anesthesia. Measurements at predetermined specific times were recorded for analysis. Results: The AEPex and BIS were higher when patients were conscious than when anesthetized. The mean values for AEPex and BIS during consciousness were significantly higher than all mean intraoperative values. Mean awake values of AEPex during recovery were significantly higher than unconscious values at one minute before eye opening in all three groups. Mean awake BIS values were also significantly different from mean BIS values at one minute before eye opening in isoflurane and sevoflurane groups. But, there was no significant difference between mean BIS values at one minute before eye opening and at eye opening in profopol group. There was no significant difference between AEPex values at most comparable times in the three groups, whereas the BIS showed more variability in its values between three anesthetics in anesthetic maintenance period. Conclusion: Both AEPex and BIS appear to have the ability of discriminating between consciousness and unconsciousness during emergence. AEPex appeared to be able to detectawareness from unconsciousness irrespective of anesthetic agents, but BIS may not be independent of anesthetic agent used in distinguishing between unconsciousness and consciousness. There was no difference between AEPex values at most comparable times in the three anesthetic groups, whereas the BIS showed more variability in its values between three anaesthetic groups in anesthetic maintenance period. However this variability was less during recovery. Mean BIS was higher in the isoflurane group compared with propofol and sevoflurane groups.
Anticancer effects on TACC3 by treatment of paclitaxel in HPV-18 positive cervical carcinoma cells.
Yim, Eun-Kyoung,Tong, Seo-Yun,Ho, Eun-Mi,Bae, Jeong-Hoon,Um, Soo-Jong,Park, Jong-Sup National Hellenic Research Foundation 2009 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.21 No.2
<P>Previously, we used proteome analysis to identify transforming acidic coiled coil (TACC) 3 as a protein that is down-regulated upon paclitaxel treatment in cervical cancer cells. TACC3 mRNA and protein levels decreased after paclitaxel treatment in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and the transactivation of TACC3 promoter was dramatically diminished by paclitaxel. Importantly, paclitaxel treatment and knockdown of TACC3 by siRNA led to a synergistic enhancement of significant G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in HeLa cells. In contrast to TACC3-deficient cells, paclitaxel treatment of mTACC3-overexpressing cells failed to induce G2/M phase arrest, cell growth inhibition, and apoptotic cell death. We studied the associated gene in mTACC overexpressed cells using microarray. From these results, numerous genes have been identified as being associated with tumor progression (Ppia, TMSB10, Annexin A2, rab31, prostaglandin E2-EP2, UHRF1), chemoresistance (Akt, Plk-1, MAP kinase) and metastasis (MMP9, PECAM-1) in mTACC3 overexpressed HeLa cells. Thus, TACC3 is thought to be the critical molecule in mediating the anticancer mechanisms of paclitaxel in p53 inactivated cells by inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis. And our data suggested that the overexpression of TACC3 may be associated with the mechanisms of chemoresistance, tumor progression, cell proliferation and metastasis.</P>
임진호(Yim Jin-Ho),현창택(Hyun Chang-Taek),홍태훈(Hong Tae-Hoon),이윤경(Lee Yun-Kyoung),지성민(Ji Seong-Min) 대한건축학회 2009 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.29 No.1(구조계)
The research and development of curtain wall construction management are very insufficient due to economic difficulty and imbalance of manpower demand and supply of curtain wall construction enterprises. The theoretical consideration of construction productivity was carried out to suggest a necessity of construction prediction about working days in the domestic construction work, and the necessity of construction period calculation was suggested by understanding the actual condition of the curtain wall construction through characteristics of curtain wall and comparisonㆍanalysis of the present situation. After the working days' prediction method of the existing curtain wall construction was classified into regression analysis, factor analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis and considered to establish a prediction model to be suggested in the present study, a regression model process was established by selecting regression analysis as an analysis method using an objective quantified numerical value, and thus the working days' prediction model was built by setting an architectural area, working manpower, the number of total floors as an influence factor affecting major variables of working days' prediction of the curtain wall construction. It is expected that it will be helpful for a curtain wall construction builder to set up a proper construction period through the predicting regression mode in the construction planning stage.
Phi, Ji Hoon,Kim, Jin Hyun,Eun, Kyoung Mi,Wang, Kyu-Chang,Park, Ki Ho,Choi, Seung Ah,Kim, Young Yim,Park, Sung-Hye,Cho, Byung-Kyu,Kim, Seung-Ki Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group 2010 Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Vol.5 No.6
<B>Object</B><P>Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) and medulloblastoma are highly malignant embryonal brain tumors. They share morphological similarities, but differ in their differentiation patterns and global gene expression. The authors compared the expression of specific genes involved in neuroglial differentiation in supratentorial PNETs and medulloblastomas to define the distinct characters of these tumors.</P><B>Methods</B><P>The mRNA expression of 8 genes (<I>SOX2</I>, <I>NOTCH1</I>, <I>ID1</I>, <I>ASCL-1</I>, <I>NEUROD1</I>, <I>NEUROG1</I>, <I>NEUROG2</I>, and <I>NRG1</I>) was evaluated in 25 embryonal tumors (12 supratentorial PNETs and 13 medulloblastomas) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of the transcripts of these genes were compared between the tumor groups. Activation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway was assessed by immunoblotting. Relative expression levels of STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3 proteins were compared.</P><B>Results</B><P>Supratentorial PNETs expressed significantly higher levels of <I>SOX2</I>, <I>NOTCH1</I>, <I>ID1,</I> and <I>ASCL-1</I> transcripts, whereas the transcription of proneural basic helix-loop-helix factors, <I>NEUROD1</I>, <I>NEUROG1</I> (significantly), and <I>NEUROG2</I> (not significantly) was upregulated in medulloblastomas. The proportion of phosphorylated STAT3α relative to STAT3α was significantly greater in supratentorial PNETs than in medulloblastomas, indicating activation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway in supratentorial PNETs.</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>These results indicate that supratentorial PNET predominantly has glial features and medulloblastoma largely follows a neuronal differentiation pattern. These divergent differentiation patterns may be related to the location and origin of each tumor.</P>