The impact of pathologic differentiation (well/ poorly) and the degree of Ki-67 index in patients with metastatic WHO grade 3 GEP-NECs.

Kim, Seung Tae,Lee, Su Jin,Lee, Jeeyun,Park, Joon Oh,Park, Young Suk,Lim, Ho Yeong,Kang, Won Ki Grune & Stratton 2017 Journal of clinical oncology Vol.35 No._suppl15

<P> e15686 </P><P> Background: Herein, we investigated the impact of pathologic differentiation (well or poorly differentiated) in metastatic grade 3 GEP-NEC patients receiving etoposide and platinum-based therapy. Simultaneously, we evaluated a more exact Ki67 index cut-off point to select patients with grade 3 GEP-NEC who might benefit from etoposide plus platinum (EP)-based therapy. Methods: Among patients pathologically diagnosed with metastatic grade 3 GEP-NECs at Samsung Medical Center between June 2013 and March 2016, 31 GEP-NEC patients receiving etoposide and platinum-based therapy were included in this study. Results: Primary sites included 13 foregut-derived GEP-NECs [stomach (n = 4), duodenum (n = 4), and pancreas (n = 5)] and 2 hindgut-derived GEP-NECs of the rectum. Sixteen unclassified GEP-NECs originated from 7 gall-bladder (GB), 6 liver and 3 unknown primary sites. According to pathologic differentiation, 14 patients had well differentiated and 17 had poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs. Between well differentiated and poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs, there was a significant difference in the distribution of Ki67 index. There was no significant difference of treatment efficacy between well and poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs (RR; 35.7% vs. 41.2%, p = 0.525). Tumor response to EP occurred in 5 of 7 patients with Ki67 > 60% and 7 of 24 with Ki67≤60%, which was significantly different (RR; 71.4% vs. 29.2%, P = 0.043). There was no significant difference in PFS according to pathologic differentiation (well differentiated vs. poorly differentiated) and Ki67 index ( > 60% vs ≤60%). Conclusions: Grade 3 GEP-NECs could be morphologically classified into well and poorly differentiated NETs. Additionally, among grade 3 GEP-NECs, there was a significant difference in ranges of Ki67 index between well and poorly differentiated NECs. Higher levels ( > 60%) of Ki67 index might be a predictive marker for efficacy of EP as a standard regimen in grade 3 GEP-NECs. </P>

Poster Session : PS 0831 ; Upper GI Tract : Clinical Factors to Predict Angiographically Detectable Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients Refractory to Endoscopic Treatment

( Tae Hwan Ha ),( Tae Hoon Oh ),( Sung In Yu ),( Min Kim ),( Jong Wook Kim ),( Won Ki Bae ),( Jae Hyung Kim ),( Seung Suk Baek ),( Mi Jin Ryu ),( Ye Na Choi ),( Ji Young Park ),( Eileen L Yoon ),( Tae 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Non-variceal upper GI bleeding (NVUGIB) is a common medical problem that has signifi cant association with morbidity and mortality. Angiographic detection and subsequent transarterial embolization (TAE) is a primary treatment option when medical and endoscopic treatments fail. We investigated clinical factors that could affect the success of the angiographic detection and prognosis after TAE in patients with NVUGIB refractory to endoscopic therapy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data was done in patients with failed endoscopic treatment who underwent angiography for the treatment of acute NVUGIB between May 2002 and May 2013. Patients were divided into detection or non-detection groups according to the presence of bleeding stigmata in angiographic fi nding. Rebleeding defi ned as subsequent bleeding event within 7 days and mortality within 30days were analyzed as outcome parameters after TAE following detection in angiography. Results: A total 45 patients 37 (male, mean age, 65.9±14.9 years) were analyzed and classifi ed as a detection group (n=25, 55.5%) and non-detection group (n=20, 44.6%). Peptic ulcers were the most common cause of refractory NVUGIB. Larger transfusion amount (5.7±3.9 unit vs. 3.5±2.8 unit; P=0.03), prolonged aPTT level (34.2±17.3 sec vs. 21.8±13.8 sec; P=0.01) and short time interval between last endoscopy and angiography (17.5±25.9 hours vs. 34.3±59.5 hours; P=0.04) were found to be signifi cant factors for predicting angiographic detection. TAE was performed in all patients detected in angiography. Rebleeding (44%) was significantly associated with higher Rockall score (8.3±1.5 vs. 6.6±2.4; P=0.046) and mortality (12%) was signifi cantly associated with higher Rockall score (9.3±0.6 vs. 7.1±2.2; P=0.002) and higher level of BUN (55.3±47.4 vs. 27.6±17.4; P=0.01). Conclusions: Clinical characteristics associated with angiographic detection in patients with NVUGIB refractory to endoscopic therapy were severe bleeding, bleeding tendency and early angiographic intervention. The Rockall score is useful parameter for predicting rebleeding and mortality after TAE.

K 대학병원 서어비스에 대한 소비자 만족도

이태섭,박종원,이무식,윤능기,이충원,서석권 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1993 계명의대학술지 Vol.12 No.3

Authors administered a questionnaire to 300 clients visited to the K University Hospital during August in 1992 to investigate the degree and related factors of consumer's satisfaction with the hospital services. Clients consisted of 82 in-patients and 158 out-patients, 52.4 percent of them was male. Four dimensions of satisfaction were assessed which were medical management, administration, environment and attitude. In-patients reported as dissatisfied with the waiting time during receipt, investigative medical procedures and pharmacy (64.7%), lack of conveniency facilities for patients and their guardians(48.8%) and provision of conveniency facilities in the ward(42.4%), unsanitary state of out- and in-hospital(41.5%). Out-patients reported dissatisfaction with the course of medical management and the time needed(70.3%), the waiting time during receipt, investigative medical procedures and pharmacy(68.3%), lack of conveniency facilities for patients and guardians(42.4%). But both in-patients and out-patients were satisfied with medical equipments, doctor's diagnosis reliability and medical effects, technician's attitude more than 50%. Canonical correlation analysis was done to find related sociodemographic factors to the four dimensions of satisfaction. Of the four canonical functions, the first was only statistically significant in in-patients. Its eigen value was 0.56 and its canonical correlation coefficient was 0.60. Satisfaction with environment and medical management was selected as important concept in dependent variables. Standardized canonical function of environment and medical management were 0.76 and 0.35 respectively. It was related with woman with high educational attainment and increasing number of hospital visits. In out-patients, the first, second and third function were statistically significant and their eigen values were 0.18, 0.4, 0.08 respectively which were small compared to those of in-patients. Their canonical correlation coefficient were 0.40, 0.35, 0.28 respectively. Low degree of environment but high degree of medical management satisfaction was noted in the first function which was related with old age, woman and professional occupation. Low degree of satisfaction with administration(second function) was related with city resident, non-professional occupation and young age. High degree of medical management but low degree of administration satisfaction(third function) was related with surgical visitor, man and non-professional occupation. The direction of hospital managerial strategies could be planned and general characteristics of dissatisfactory clients might be suggested with these results.

수돗물중 異臭味에 關한 硏究

김형석,이기태 慶熙大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

The taste and odor in city tap water could be a reason of discomfort by citizen. Even though the concentration of odor substances is trace amount in drinking water, human can detect with sensory system easily. The sources of taste fund odor come from anthropogenic activity and natural origin. Industrial wastewater could contain chemicals and chlorine taste comes from disinfection process during drinking water treatment. Natural sources are the algae and Streptomyces tendae which produce geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol. The numbers of actinomycetes in river water were found to increase coincidentally at the onset of spring. When more than one hundred actinomycetes isolates from water samples were tested for their ability to produce geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol(2-MIB), the majority were able to produce one of both of these odorous compounds. Cyanobacteria also could produce geosmin or 2-methylisoborneol and produce musty-odor. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS) analyses indicated that volatile fractions of earthy/musty odor compounds are geosmin and 2-MIB. In the water purifying plants algae would make earthy and musty odor. In Japan 1,750 person were complained about the tap water odor. The area of odor problem are related with eutrophication, where the total phosphorous is more than 0.02㎎/L and total nitrogen is more than 0.6㎎/L. The odor of 2-MIB is produced by Phormidium tenue, Oscillatoria tenuis, and geosmin producing algae is produced by Anabaena macrospora and Anabaena spiroides var.crassa. Those 4 algae contain not only chlorophill, but phicocyanin. The detection method of geosmin and 2-MIB is difficult when sample is analyzed directly in GC, so we need to concentrate the sample in advance. Purge and trap method is one of the effective method. Authors tried to detect the geosmin and 2-MIB in drinking water by extracting the water sample in purge and trap methods and SPME(solid phase micro extraction) method was applied to detect benzene, toluene, and xylene. There are two kinds of sources for odor substances. One is fungus, e.g., Streptomyces tendae. Penicillium expansum, Actinomycetes, which produce geosmin. The other one is blue-green algae, e.g., Phormidium tenue, Oscillatoria limnetica, which produce 2-methylisoborneol. We could detect the geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol standard solution with gas chromatograph. The volatile organic coumpounds, BTEX, were detected with SPME(solid phase micro extraction) method.

경화된 열경화성 수지와 고분자재의 혼합성형에 관한 특성

김석호,윤한기,여홍태 東義大學校産業技術開發硏究所 1998 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

For the purpose of recycling the rigid thermosets, this study investigated the film of thermoplastic mixed with some weight fraction of rigid phenol in the hot compression molding at temperature of 200℃. The results abtained are as follows; the tensile stress according to the weight fraction of phenol particle is linearly proportional to the strain upto 2% of strain, the more the grain fraction of phenol is, the smaller the stress and strain is at frature, in case of the same weight fraction of phenol, the stress and strain of large grain is larger than those of small grain.

하드 포인트 변경에 따른 조종안정성 평가

배태한,장석동,송철기 慶尙大學校 經營行政大學院 2004 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.20 No.-

Vehicle stability is an important subject in vehicle design and control, because vehicle stability is closely dependent upon its dynamic performance. The modeling and its analysis are performed by using ADAMS in the present paper. The camber angle and the toe angle are analyzed due to the hard point movement in the static simulation. The side slip angle and the yaw rate are analyzed due to the hard point movement in the driving simulation such as the steady state cornering and the double lane change.

한국인 관상동맥의 변화양상에 대한 형태학적 연구

권태정,이상용,이한영,고영창,권기석,조재홍,김태공,김유훈,조갑래,서중석,이원태 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

인천 인현동 호프집 화재 피해자 분석

최정태,안무업,안희철,최영미,정재봉,서정열,유기철,이삼우,박석현,조준휘,김성환,김아진,송근정 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Purpose : This study was conducted to develop field triage, transportation, distribution, and prehospital care at a fire disaster by analyzing the victims of the fore that broke out at a bar in Incheon. Method : We analyzed the cases of the victims of a fire in Incheon in Oct. 1999. We determined the primary care hospital, the arrival time, the burn size, the outcome, and the injury type from the medical records, the concerned organ records, and interviews with concerned persons. Result : The total number of victims was 137: 56 prehospital deaths, 1 hospital death, and 80 survivals. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the burn size and the severity was -0.175. There were 121(89.6%) cases of inhalation injury, 59 (43.7%) cases of flame burns, 66 (48.9%) cases of hypoxic brain damage, and 16 (11.9%) cases involving other types of injury. Conclusion : The causes of death of the fire victims were inhalation injury and hypoxic brain damage due to CO poisoning and other toxic inhalants. We propose the use of a simple triage and rapid treatment(START) system and a reassessment the delayed category in fire disasters.

트리아민-구리(Ⅱ)-이미다졸염 착물의 촉매작용에 관한 연구

김태원,홍순영,민재기,김창석 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1992 環境科學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

Acetylsalicylic acid의 가수분해 반응에서 imidazole과 몇 가지 triamine-copper(Ⅱ)-imidazolate complex들의 촉매효과를 비교 하였다. 촉매로서는 imidazole(ImH)과 그 2- 또는 4-치환 유도체, diethylenetriamine-copper(Ⅱ)-imidazolate complex(C₂C₂CuIm)와 그 imidazole-ring 치환 유도체 및 N-(2-aminoethy1)-1, 3-propanediamine-copper(Ⅱ) imidazolate complex(C₂C₂CuIm)와 그 imidazole-ring 치환 유도체들을 택하였다. 촉매효과의 비(kcat값으로 비교)는 ImH : C₂C₂CuIm = 1.00 : 2.81 : 2.66로 나타났으며 촉매의 효과는 이들 complex의 imidazole-ring의 전자주는 치환기에 의해 증가 하였다. Catlytic effects of imidazole and several of triamine-copper(Ⅱ)-imidazolates were investigated for the hydrolysis of acetylsalicylic acid. As catalysts, imidazole(ImH) and its 2- or 4-substituted derivatives, diethylenetriamine-copper(Ⅱ)-imidazolate complex(C₂C₂CuIm) and its imidazole-ring substituted derivatives, and N-(2-aminoethyl)-1, 3-propanediamine complex(C₂C₂CuIm) and its imidazole-ring substituted derivatives were chosen. The ratio of efficiency among these catalysts was observed to bh ImH : C₂C₂CuIm : C₂C₂CuIm = 1.00 : 2.81 : 2.66, and the effect of catalytic action was enhanced by an electron-releasing substituent on imidazole-ring of the complex.

다공질 실리콘 카바이드의 제작 및 광발광 성질

이기환,오제직,최석남,박병빈,이태호,김영유 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1998 과학교육연구 Vol.29 No.1

p-type α-SiC(4H, 6H, 15R polytype)를 사용하여 다공질 실리콘(porous silicon; PS)의 제작방법과 유사하게 HF/H₂O/C₂H??OH 용액에서 전기화학적으로 에칭을 하여 광발광 특성을 가지는 다공질 실리콘 카바이드(porous silicon carbide; PSC)를 제작하였다. PSC의 다공질의 분포는 전류밀도가 증가할수록 증가하고 다공질의 크기는 감소하였으며 광발광(photoluminescence; PL) 스펙트럼의 분석을 통해 전극 표면에서의 산화반응은 공급되는 전자의 양과 전류밀도에 의존하며 전류밀도가 증가할수록 전극의 산화반응은 억제된다는 결과를 얻었다. Porous silicon carbide(PSC) having photoluminescence(PL) can be prepared by a technique very similar to that used in porous silicon preparation, by electrochemical etching of crystalline p-type α-SiC(4H, 6H, 15R polytype) in ?? solution. The results show that porous distribution increase with increasing of the current densities while pore size decrease with that. Through the PL spectra analysis anodic oxidation of electrode surface was dependent on the amount of provided electrons and the current densities and inhibited with increasing of the current densities.