단일 전력단 능동 클램프형 고주파 공진 인버터에 관한 연구

강진욱,박재욱,원재선,배영호,김동희 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 2002 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.30 No.2

This paper presents active-clamp type high frequency resonant inverter with single-stage. The proposed topology is an integrated circuit of active-clamp type high frequency resonant inverter with boost converters having the function of power factor correction. The input stage of the full-bridge boost rectifier works in discontinuous conduction mode(DCM) with constant duty cycle and variable switching frequency. Hence a high power factor operation is achieved naturally. By adding active-clamp circuit to conventional class-E high frequency inverter, main switch of inverter part operates not only at Zero-Voltage-Switching mode but also reduces the switching voltage stress of main switch. Theoretical analysis in converter part is performed with Psim 4.1 software tool and in inverter part is generally evaluated by using normalized parameter and characteristics values based on characteristics estimation through circuit analysis is given as basis data in design procedure. Also, experimental results are presented to verify theoretical discussion. This proposed inverter can be practically used as a power supply in the fields of induction heating applications, DC-DC converter, etc.

승용 디젤엔진용 가변과급기 성능에 관한 연구

진영욱,정진은,조훈기,강우,정재우 한국기술교육대학교 2006 論文集 Vol.13 No.1

A test bench which is consisted of roots blower, air flow meter, driving unit for VGT actuator, transmitters for temperature and pressure, and the rotational speed sensor was developed to evaluate the characteristics of the VGT system. Measurements using VGT of the 2.0 L diesel engine were carried out. The corrected mass flow rate and the pressure ratio for the compressor of the VGT are related directly with the rotational speed, but they are independent of the rack position of the VGT. The pressure ratio and the corrected mass flow rate of the turbine of the VGT are related directly with the rack position of the VGT, but they don't have any relation with the rotational speed. The mechanical efficiency of the VGT is higher than the conventional turbocharger in the wide range. The efficiency at the 0.03 kg/s of the mass flow rate is 4.36 times as high as that of the conventional turbocharger. These data will be used to develop the new engine equipped with the VGT system.

폐경후 여성에서 내피세포 의존성 혈관이완 반응에 에스트로겐의 급성효과 및 엔도쎌린(Endothelin)-1과의 연관성

강진호,김범수,이영욱,금동극,정현욱,이혜숙,이만호,박정로 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.7

내시경적 점막절제술로 치험한 식도 과립상 세포종 1례

강혁주,김성욱,최석진,이중현,장재식,서영범,윤병구,박건욱,김성자,김용섭,강승완,이구,양창헌,이창우,김욱년,이광헌,서정일 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

과립상 세포종은 Schwann 세포 기원으로 생각되며 인체에 비교적 드물게 발생한다. 과립상 세포종은 전신 어느 곳에서나 발견될 수 있으나 주로 혀, 구강, 피부 혹은 유방 등에서 호발하며 드물게 위장관에서 발견된다. 위장관에서는 식도에서 가장 호발하며 다음으로 위, 대장 순이다. 과립상 세포종은 대부분, 특히 위장관에서는 양성이며 소수의 악성 병변이 보고되었다. 이러한 이유와 함께 수술 전의 진단이 어렵기 때문에 과립상 세포종에 대한 근본적인 치료는 현재까지 외과적 절제술이다. 최근에 시도되는 치료방법들로는 내시경적 레이저 치료, 용종절제술, 내시경적 점막 절제술 등이 있다. 저자들은 상부 소화관 내시경검사를 시행하여 식도 과립상 세포종을 진단하고 내시경적 점막 절제술을 시행하여 합병증 없이 퇴원하여 현재 재발없이 경과 관찰중인 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Granular cell tumors, which occur infrequently, are probably of Schwann cell origin. They can occur almost anywhere in the body but usually affect the tongue, oral cavity, skin, or breasts and are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tracts. The esophagus is the most frequent gastrointestinal site, followed by the stomach and the colon. Granular cell tumors are generally benign, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, some malignant lesions have been reported. For this reason, and also because preoperative diagnosis is difficult, the standard treatment for granular cell tumor has until now been surgical excision. In recent years, other therapeutic methods is endoscopic laser therapy (ELT), polypectiomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). We report a case of esophageal granular cell tumor which was diagnosed by an endoscopy and managed using an endoscopic mucosal resection without complication.

만성 남자 정신분열병 환자의 병식 정도와 기질 및 성격 유형과의 관계

강여화,김봉조,손진욱 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.5

연구목적 : 남자 만성 정신분열병 입원 환자에서의 병식 정도와 기질 및 성격유형간의 관련성을 규명하고자 한다. 부가적으로 병식 정도에 따른 사회 인구학적 변인 및 질병 연관 변인의 차이를 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 병식 평가를 위해 McEvoy등이 고안한 '병식과 치료태도에 대한 설문(ITAQ : Insight and Treat-ment Attitudes Questionnaire)'과 Amador 등이 고안한 병식 평가 검사(SUMD : Scale to As-sess Unawareness of Mental Disorder)를 이용한 구조화된 면담을 시행하였다. 다음, Cloninger의 기질-성격 철도(TCI : Temperament and Character inventory) 한국판을 이용하여 기질 및 성격특성을 측정하였다. 또한 병록지 검토와 면담을 통해 인구학적 변인 및 질병 연관 변인에 관한 자료를 얻었다. DSM-Ⅳ 진단기준에 의한 최종 분석의 대상이 된 환자는 113명이었다. 병식의 정도에 따라 병식이 높은 군(중간값 11점 이상)과 낮은 군(11점 이하)으로 양분하였다. 연구결과 1) ITAQ 병식 점수에 따른 양군의 비교에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보인 척도는 '새로운 것을 추구하는 성향'이었다. 2) ITAQ 병식 점수와 위험 회피적 성향 사이에서 유의한 상관관계가 있었고, '새로운 것을 추구하는 성향'과는 유의한 음성적 상관관계를 보였다. 하지만, 후천적으로 결정되는 성격 척도 사이에서는 통계적 유의성이 없었다. 3) 질병 연관 변인들 중 첫 발병 나이, 입원 형태, 유병기간, 현재 입원기간, 약물투여량은 양군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결 론 본 연구 결과는 새로움 추구 성향이 높고 위험 회피 성향이 낮을수록 낮은 병식을 가질 수 있다는 병식 정도에 대한 기질특성의 영향을 시사한다. 그러므로 병식의 평가 단계에서 기질 유형을 파악하는 것이 임상적으로 의미가 있을 것이다. 앞으로 정신분열병 환자의 기질 및 성격 유형에 관한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것이다. Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of insight level with temperament and character pattern in chronic male schizophrenics. In addition, we tried to examine demographic variables and illness-related variables which may affect the level of insight. Methods : To assess insight level by psychiatrists, Insight and Treatment Attitudes Question-naire(ITAQ), Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder(SUMD) were applied. Tem-perament and character patterns were evaluated by the Korean version of Cloninger's self-rated Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI). The authors investigated the correlations between insight level, and scores of temperament and character dimensions. Data on the demographic and illness-related variabres for the subjects were gathered from hospital records and clinical interviews. A total of 113 patients with schizophrenia according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria was analyzed. The insight level was dichotomized into good(≥median value of 11) and poor insight group(<11). Results : 1) There was a significant difference between good insightgroup and poor insight group in novelty seeking dimension in TCI. 2) There was a significant negative correlation between novelty seeking scores by TCI and insight scores by ITAQ(rs : Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.20, p<0.05). 3) Significant differences between good and poor insight groups were identified in diverse clinical variables such as age at onset of illness, mode of hospitalization, duration of illness, current length of stay, and dosage of drug. Conclusion : The results suggest that high scores in the temperament dimension of novelty seeking and low scores in the temperament dimension of harm avoidance may influence poor insight in patients with chronic male schizophrenia. Therefore it is clinically valuable for us to assess the pattern of temperament at the stage of insight evaluation. The authors suggest that further studies on temperament and character in schizophrenia is needed.

구강 편평세포암종에서 P16ink⁴유전자의 Methylation에 대한 연구

강진원,김경욱,류진우,김창진 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.2

The p16 protein is a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor that inhibits cell cycle progression from G1 phase to S phase in cell cycle. Many p16 gene mutations have been noted in many cancer-cell lines and in some primary cancers, and alterations of p16 gene function by DNA methylation have been noticed in various kinds of cancer tissues and cell-lines. There have been a large body of literature has accumulated indicating that abnormal patterns of DNA methylation (both hypomethylation and hypermethylation) occur in a wide variety of human neoplasma and that these aberrations of DNA methylation may play an important epigenetic role in the development and progression of neoplasia. DNA methylation is a part of the inheritable epigenetic system that influences expression or silencing of genes necessary for normal differentiation and proliferation. Gene activity may be silenced by methylation of up steream regulatory regions. Reactivation is associated with demethylation. Although evidence or a high incidence of p16 alterations in a variety of cell lines and primary tumors has been reported, that has been contested by other investigators. The precise mechanisms by which abnormal methylation might contribute to carcinogenesis are still not fully elucidated, but conceivably could involve the modulation of oncogene and other important regulatory gene expression, in addition to creating areas of genetic instability, thus predisposing to mutational events causing neoplasia. There have been many variable results of studies of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC). This investigation was studied on 13 primary HNSCC for p16 gene status by protein expression in immunohistochemistry, and DNA genetic/epigenetic analyzed to determine the incidence, the mechanisms, and the potential biological significance of its Inactivation. As methylation detection method of p16 gene, the methylation specific PCR(MSP) is sensitive and specific for methylation of any block of CpG sites in a CpG islands using bisulfite-modified DNA. The genomic DNA is modified by treatment with sodium bisulfate, which converts all unmethylated cytosines to uracil(thymidine) . The primers designed for MSP were chosen for regions containing frequent cytosines (to distinguish unmodified from modified DNA), and CpG pairs near the 5' end of the primers (to provide maximal discrimination in the PCR between methylated and unmethylated DNA) The two strands of DNA are no longer complementary after bisulfite treatment, primers can be designed for either modified strand. In this study, 13 paraffin embedded block tissues were used, so the fragment of DNA to be amplified was intentionally small, to allow the assessment of methyla-tion pattern in a limited region and to facilitate the application of this technique to samlples. In this 13 primary HNSCC tissues, there was no methylation of p16 promoter gene (detected by MSP and automatic sequencing). The p16 protein-specific immunohistochemical staining was performed on 13 paraffin embedded primary HNSCC tissue samples. Twelve cases among the 13 showed altered expression of p16 proteins (negative expression). In this study, The author suggested that low expression of p16 protein may play an important role in human HNSCC, and this study suggested that many kinds of genetic mechanisms including DNA methylation may play the role in carcinogenesis.

2007년 대한감염학회 권장 성인 예방접종 권장안

강진한,김홍빈,손장욱,이상오,정문현,정희진,최영화,최정현,최준용,최희정 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.1

In 2007, the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases recommended an immunization schedule for adults residing in Korea. This recommendation includes four categories: standard immunization for healthy persons, supplementary immunization for persons with underlying illnesses, recommendations for health-care personnel and for international travelers. The Standard Immunization Schedule consists of universal vaccination (tetanus-diphtheria/tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Td/Tdap); hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 20s; human papilloma virus vaccine for women under 26 years old; meningococcal vaccine for military recruits and college students in dormitories; influenza vaccination for persons aged 50 years or more and pregnant women; and pneumococcal vaccination for persons aged 65 years or more) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 30s; hepatitis B vaccine, varicella and MMR vaccines for persons who have uncertain specific immunities). The Supplementary Immunization Schedule recommends 4 vaccines, i.e., pneumococcal, influenza, meningococcal, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, appropriate to the underlying illnesses, and confirmation of the presence of antibodies to hepatitis A and hepatitis B. The Recommendation for Health-Care Personnel includes universal vaccination (influenza and pertussis) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella and varicella for seronegative health-care personnel). The Recommended Immunization for International Travelers focuses reinforcement of vaccinations for healthy persons and includes certain immunizations necessary for international travel (yellow fever, meningococcal, plaque, tick-borne encephalitis, and cholera). These guidelines can be seen at www.ksid.or.kr.

석이로부터 분리한 페놀성 화합물의 phospholipase A_2 저해활성

김진우,송경식,유익동,장현욱,유승현,배강규,민태진 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1997 생물공학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

호알카리성 진균 Cephalosporium sp. RYM-202가 생산하는 alkaline xylanase (CX-III)의 작용에 의해 xylan 기질로부터 생성되는 주요 가수분해 산물은 xylobiose와 중합도가 4 이상인 xylooligosaccharides이었다. 이 효소는 xylobiose에 대한 분해능을 가지고 있지 않지만 xylotriose로부터는 xylobiose를, xylotetraose로부터는 xylobiose와 xylotriose를 주산물로 형성하였다. 이러한 결과들은 CX-III가 transglycosidase 활성을 소유하는 전형적인 endo-type xylanase임을 보여준다. N-bromosuccinimide에 의한 CX-III의 화학적 변화 실험 결과 효소 1분자 당 2개의 tryptophan 잔기가 활성에 관여하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 iodoacetamide 및 diethylpyrocarbonate에 의한 효소활성의 저해효과는 나타나지 않음으로써 이 효소의 활성부위에 cysteine과 histidine 잔기가 필수적이지 않음이 확인되었다. The hydrolysis products formed from birchwood xylan by the action of an alkaline xylanase (CX-III) from alkalophilic Cephalosporium sp. RYM-202 were xylobiose and xylooligosaccharides polymerized with more than 4 sugar molecules. This enzyme was not active on xylobiose but readily attacked xylotriose accumulating xylobiose as a major product. The predominant end-products from xylotetraose by CX-III were xylobiose and xylotriose. These results indicate that the enzyme is typically endo-type xylanase possessing transglycosidase activity. Chemaical modification of CX-III with N-bromosuccinimide revealed that two tryptophan residues per molecule of CX-III were essential for its catalytic activity on xylan. On the other hand, iodoacetamide and diethylpyrocarbonate did not influence the activity of the enzyme, suggesting that cysteine and histidine residues are not involved in the active site of this alkaline xylanase.

스쿠버다이빙을 통한 스포츠관광 활성화 연구

조동진,이강욱,박현서,박상규 朝鮮大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 2006 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.17 No.-

본 연구는 스쿠버관광의 현황을 파악하고 현안과제 및 개선방안을 통한 스포츠관광 활성화에 목적을 두고자 한다. 이를 위해 문헌조사와 포커스그룹인터뷰를 통해 전문가적인 방안을 제시하였다. 인터뷰 대상은 전국에서 활동중인 스쿠버강사를 대상으로 지역적 안배를 고려하였고 평균 나이41세, 강사경력 11년의 활동경력을 가진 전문가들이였으며 제주도에서 인터뷰가 실시되었다. 본 연구의 결과, 첫째, 관련업계 종사자들이 현안 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 적극적인 노력이 요구되며 둘째, 다양한 교육과 이벤트를 통한 수익창출과 장비 국산화를 통한 저가의 장비개발이 필요하며 셋째, 투자를 통한 시설의 확충으로 편리성을 제공하여야 하며 다양한 홍보를 통해 스쿠버의 안전성과 교육적 효과에 대해 대중에게 알려야 하는 것으로 분석되었다. The purpose of this study is to understand the situation of scuba tourism and revitalize sports tourism by examining pending tasks and methods for revitalization. In order to achieve this, literature review and focus group interview were used to present professional methods. An interview was conducted with practicing scuba instructors nationwide in Jeju-do in consideration of local arrangement. Subjects' mean age was 41, and mean career was 11 years. The following results were obtained. First, related-industry practitioners should make active efforts to solve pending problems. Second, it is needed to create profit through various education and events, and develop inexpensive equipment through the localization of equipment. Finally, it is needed to provide convenience with the expansion and improvement of facilities through investment, and introduce the safety and educational effect of scuba to the public using a variety of PR activity.

복합 관동맥병변에서의 Rotational Atherectomy : 초기결과

김진우,박성욱,홍명기,이상곤,이일수,이철환,최기준,강덕현,송재관,김재중,박승정 대한순환기학회 1997 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.27 No.9