한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

간수, 기문혈의 당귀 약침자극이 acetaminophen으로 유발된 흰쥐의 손상간에 미치는 영향

박경미,문진영,안준철,최미정,남경수,임종국 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1996 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.5 No.-

This study was done in order to investigate the protective effects of A.G.R.(Angelicae gigantis Radix) aqua-acupuncture on acetaminophen induced liver damage in rats. The liver damage was induced by acetaminophen (500mg/kg) injection into the peritoneum. The A.G.R. aqua-acupuncture solution was injected into the corresponding loci to Ganshu(BL_(18)) and Qimen(LR_(14)) of human body and a blank locus of the root of tail on four consecutive times at 0, 3, 6, and 12 hours after acetaminophen injection. And the serum GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP activities, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin levels were measured in the rats, The serum GOT, GPT, LDH ALP activities and bilirubin level were decreased comparing with that of a control group in case of A.G.R. aqua-acupuncture treated group, specially Ganshu and Qimen aqua-acupuncture treated groups showed an obvious significant decrease.

馬丹陽天星十二穴에 對한 文獻的 考察

朴慶美,文振榮,林種國 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1995 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The aim of this studies was to elucidate the derivation, meaning and use of the special points of MADANYANG. The results obtained were as follows : The remedial cases of spacial points of MADANYANG came within the category in that of literature cited. So, it was considerable that a method of selection of remedial points in MADANYANG was not creative but universal at that time. The special points of MADANYANG did not have a fixed organizing rule against it's medrian, visera and bowel in contrast to source points, connecting points, five element point etc. And it was only organized on the basis of remedial value.

인지도 조사에 의한 건국의대 의학과 교육목적 및 교육목표의 평가

박수경,김진국,김소정,김형수,이건세,장성훈 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

This study was conducted to survey the recognition and accuracy for educational goal and objectives of College of Medicine, Konkuk University on students and professors with using 18 items of questionnaire from May 15 through June 30, 2004. The recognition for educational goal of College of Medicine, Konkuk University in participating students and professors were 93-95%. And recognition for 3 objectives of College of Medicine, Konkuk University on participating students and professors were 84-87%, 95% respectively. However the accuracy for detail educational objectives using other college of medicine were 46-59% in first student survey, 44-67% in second student survey and 58-72% in professor survey. Therefore it is need to advertize 3 objectives to students and professors. And it is also necessary to refine the contents of educational objectives to more suggesting directions than broad goal of ideal.

분석결과 검증 및 신뢰성 확보를 위한 실험실간 협력 실험

박혜진,고광용,한국탁,김일중,이용재,김성헌,이규승 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2005 농업과학연구 Vol.32 No.2

The residual study of pesticide has been used in various areas, such as food safety, environmental protection, establishment of tolerance, and explaining the pathway and reaction mode of pesticides, and its importance was expected to increase further more. The aspect of food safety, the pesticide residue survey have been practiced at many organizations, but there were no verification of analytical results at present. In this experiment, we focused on instrumental stability, including response of each instrument and the recovery ratio of each organization's method. As samples for this experiment, we prepared cucumber and sesame, and chose 4 pesticides (bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and ethoprophos), which were mostly detected from pesticide residue survey and widely used for each crop. The standard deviation of peak areas in the chromatogram of each pesticide were under 1.212 %, so it showed that most instruments were stable. The relationship of recovery ratio of each organization were over 0.996 for every pesticide and each organization. Finally, the analytical results for pesticide residue from each participated organization were not statically significant and we could put confidence in the result from each organization.

고차보요소에 의한 곡선보의 자유진동해석

박정호,서진국,신영식 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1991 연구보고 Vol.19 No.2

In this paper, a fundamental study of the free vibration analysis of curved beams with various curvatures has been carried out by the finite element method. Curved beams were modelled by the higher order beam elements. Numerical tests show that the present solutions using 32 higher order beam elements give the good agreement to the other existing solutions of the free vibration analysis of the curved beams.

운동선수들의 성지식, 성태도, 성가치관의 관계

박진국 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

This study s designed to investigate the knowledge of sex, the attitude of sex and the value of sex in the athletes of middle school and high school, in order to perform the sound and correct knowledge of sex and to learn the sound attitude of sex. 371 athletes from middle school, high school in Busan and Kyungnam Province participated in the questionnaire. The purpose of this questionnaire s to prepare the base for a sound adolescent with living a full life at school and athletics. The students' answers were then analyzed and discussed. Below are the results and findings : 1) The order of the necessity in sex education is as followed: Normal, Needed. 2) in the presence of sex education, most of the student are receiving sex education. 3) In the achievement of the knowledge of sex, the orders are arranged by friends, internet and teachers. 4) In the contents of desire sex education, boy students want in order of the acquaintance of the opposite sex, the physical changes in the age of puberty, the psychological changes in the age of puberty. Girl students want in order of the prevention against the sexual violence, the physical changes in the age of puberty and the acquaintance of the opposite sex. 5) In the amount of sex problem anguish, as a whole, it was investigated that students are worried about sex problem. 6) In the presence of the acquaintance of the opposite sex most students had experiences In the acquaintance of the opposite sex. 7) Boy students showed higher rates on the knowledge of sex, the attitude of sex than girl student. Girl students showed higher rates on the value of sex than boy students.

Coating을 시행한 뇌동맥류 파열환자의 예후

박종혁,석종식,목진호,박관,김영백,민병국,황성남,최덕영 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.6

In rare occasions in which aneurysmal neck clipping is nearly impossible, coating is employed. During the period from 1985 to 1992, 312 patients with aneurysm underwent surgery ; aneurysmal neck clipping were performed in 284 cases while coating only in 28. The reasons that coating was required were ; wide and broad neck in 13, perforators arising from the neck in 4, neck tearing during dissection in 3, very friable neck in 2, severe adhesion with surrounding structures in 3, and small aneurysm without enough room for clipping in 3. In twenty-three cases, cotton wisp and bioglue were used as coating materials. In another five cases, the aneurysmal wall was reinforced using Surgicel or Gelfoam. Patients were followed for 24 months on average of all the patients. Four had last contact Six died(4 due to rebleeding and 2 due to pneumonia). Fourteen were good and 4 were moderately disabled. There were no rebleeding incidences during first three months' follow-up after coating. We thus concluded that coating an aneurysm offers some protection from rebleeding, particularly when the rebleeding risk period is over.

고공슈팅 훈련이 경쟁상태 불안 및 양궁기록에 미치는 영향

박진성,박명국 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high-altitude shooting training on competitive state anxiety and archery performance. The participants were 30 archery shooters (15 males, 15 females) ranging in age from 16 to 18 in Jeonnam. In order to measure competitive state anxiety, the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) was used. It was composed of 27 questions covering cognitive, physical instabilities and self-confidence respectively with 9 questions. To measure sports performance, the participants performed archerperformance. Prior to performing archery performance, the participants completed the CSAI-2 to measure competitive state anxiety and archery performance. After pre-test, the participants were divided randomly into four different groups to received 12 week psychological skills training (high-altitude shooting training). One of the groups was a control group(n=15;m,7;f,8) and the other was experimental groups(n=15;m,8;f,7). The experimental group performed a 12 week psychological skills training (high-altitude shooting training). The control group did not perform high-altitude shooting training during the 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the participants were re-tested using the same methods as in the pre-test to examine the effects of the high-altitude shooting training. The results are as follows; 1. The high-altitude shooting training was effective in reducing anxiety levels of the participants. The experimental group was meaningful for reducing his/her cognitive anxiety. Its were also effective for lessening his/her self-confidence. 2. The high-altitude shooting training was effective in improving the archery performance scores. The score gap between the control group and experimental group was particularly large. This means that the high-altitude shooting training was affected to his/her competitive state anxiety, thereby contributing to improving scores in the archery performance.