조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 주폐포자층 폐렴에 대한 고찰

주지현,최정현,이동건,백지연,고윤호,이혜정,김세희,신호진,박윤희,박지영,김유진,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

Background : Pneumocytitis cainii pneumonia (PCP) can occur in immunocompromised hosts especially such as AIDS or cancer patients. Although recent research had focused on PCP in AIDS patients, few studies have described the clinical presentations of PCP in recipients of stem cell transplantation (SCT). We evaluated the clinical manifestations of PCP in SCT patients admitted at St. Mary's hospital, Seoul, Korea. Methods : The medical records of 17 PCP patients undergoing SCT between Feb. 1998 and Feb. 2000 were reviewed. The diagnosis of PCP was confirmed through the demonstration of Pneumocytitis cainii via either cytology of brochoalveolar lavage (BAL) or histological technique of lung biopsy. CMV disease and CMV infection were confirmed by BAL culture and antigenemia respectively . Results : Seventeen patients were all recipients of allogeneic SCT and 7 of 17 patients were performed non-sibling SCT. Patients presented with symptoms including brief period (4 ∼23 days) of fever (76%), dyspnea (70%), cough (64%), and signs such as rare(58.8%), Sixteen patients (94%) had been receiving immunosuppressive agent such as cyclosporine A (64%) or Fk506 (35%) without PCP prophylaxis. Eleven patients (64%) were treated with corticosteroid with mean dose of 16 mg/day prednisolone and mean duration of 4.6 months after post-SCT period. Twelve patients were co-infected with CMV. Another co-infected miCroorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpes simplex virus, parainfluenza virus, Average duration of treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) was 21 ±9 days. Four patients died, and three of them were related with PCP. Conclusion : PCP developed frequently in patients who were taking immunosuppressive drug due to graft versus host disease or were not taking TMP/SMX prophylaxis. High risk patients showing fever, cough, or dyspnea should be considered to take early bronchoscopic intervention for detection of PCP. When treat for PCP, it also be considered to the possibility of coinfection such as CMV. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:273∼279, 2001)

온라인 아동 성착취 근절을 위한 법률개정 방안 : 국제규범과 국내 법령의 비교를 중심으로

정주은,남장현,서지혜 이화여자대학교 법학전문대학원 2020 Ewha Law Review Vol.10 No.-

온라인을 기반으로 한 아동ㆍ청소년에 대한 성착취는 아동ㆍ청소년이 쉽게 유혹되고 어른들에 의하여 발견되는 것이 어렵기 때문에 심각한 피해를 야기한다. 본 연구는 온라인 아동 성착취의 심각성을 인지하고 관련 법령의 개정 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 우선 우리나라의 아동ㆍ청소년의 성보호에 관한 법률 및 형법 등의 법제 및 현황과 문제점을 살펴보았다. 이를 기반으로 UN아동권리협약 및 제2, 제3선택의정서와 UN아동권리위원회의 권고사항 및 특별보고관의 권고, 팔레르모의정서, 란사로테협약 등 국제규범의 내용을 살펴보고, 해당 국제규범과 해외의 입법례 등과 비교하여 현행 국내 법령의 개선방안을 모색하였다. 연구를 통해 현행 국내 법령의 부적절한 용어 개선이 필요하고, 아동 최선의 이익 원칙에 의한 법 해석 및 적용을 해야 하며, 현행 형법을 활용함과 동시에 그루밍 등 새로운 개념에 대하여 법률에 규정해야 함을 발견하였다. 이와 더불어 성착취물 등에 대한 처벌을 확대하고 형량과 양형기준을 개선하여야 할 필요성도 절감하였다. 현재 국회에 계류 중인 법률개정안을 검토하여 해당 법률안에서 주목할 점과 보완할 점에 대하여 설시하였다. 보론으로는 함정수사의 도입과 제3선택의정서 비준의 필요성을 주장하였다. 이에 비추어 볼 때, 최근 일련의 사건 이후 아동ㆍ청소년의 성보호에 관한 법률이 많은 부분에서 긍정적인 방향으로 개정되었지만 보호의 대상인 아동ㆍ청소년에 대한 범죄이므로 더욱 엄중히 처벌해야할 필요필요가 있는바, 국제규범에 따라 아동ㆍ청소년의 성보호를 위한 개정이 더욱 필요함을 시사한다. Online child sexual exploitation leads to serious damage because children and juveniles are easily tempted but it is hard for adults to find the breeding ground for crime. This study was intended to recognize the seriousness of online sexual exploitation for children and juveniles and to propose the law amendment. First of all, we explored the current status and problems of the legislation, such as the Act on the Protection of Sex in children and juveniles and the Criminal Law in the Republic of Korea. We reviewed the contents of international rules such as the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Second and Third Choice Protocol, the recommendations of the U.N. Commission on the Rights of the Child, the recommendations from the CRC and special rapporteur, the Palermo Protocol, the Lanzarote Convention. In accordance with those international rules, we sought the amendment of current domestic law. According to the study, we concluded that the inappropriate terms in the current domestic law should be modified, and the law should be interpreted and applied in accordance with the principle of the best interests of children. Also, new concepts such as ‘grooming’ should be stipulated in the law while utilizing the existing Criminal law. In addition, we were faced with the necessity of expanding punishment for sexual exploitation and improving sentencing guidelines. We reviewed the proposition which was pending in the National Assembly and suggested pros and cons. And then, we complementally argued for the institution of entrapment and the ratification of the Third Choice Protocol.

제주 지역의 B형 간염 바이러스 유전자형

조지현,박도심,김태현,염주진,김학철,문주현,양재식 대한간학회 2004 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.10 No.1

목적: HBV 감염이 무증상의 자연 회복부터 간경변 혹은 간세포성 간암까지 다양하게 나타나는 요인들로 숙주의 요인과 바이러스의 요인으로 구분되어 제시되는데, 바이러스 요인으로는 감염된 바이러스이 유형이나 염기 변이들이 논의된다. HBV 유형을 구분하는 데는 혈청형과 유전자형이 이용되는데 근자에는 주로 유전자형이 이용된다. 이러한 HBV의 분포는 지역적으로 다르나 지역에 따라서 다른 유형들이 혼재되어 있다. 동남아시아는 B형이지만 극동아시아는 C형으로 알려져 있으며, 대만과 오키나와에서는 B와 C형이 혼재되어 나타난다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 보아 우리 나라의 남부지역에서는 B과 C형이 혼재되어 있을 가능성이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 제주 지역에서 HBV의 유전자형을 조사하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 원적지가 제주도이면사, HBsAg가 양성이었던 107명(평균 연령: 46.5세)을 대상으로 하였다. 이들의 혈청으로부터 HBsAg/antiHBe를 분석하고, DNA를 추출하여 7개의 유전자형에 따라 특이성을 갖는 시발체(genotype specific primer)들을 이용하여 PCR로 증폭한 후 이를 분석하였다. 주된 유전자형의 일부와 다른 유형에서 증폭에 이용되었던 시발체를 다르게 이용하여 hemi nested PCR로 증폭한 후 염기를 분석하여 계통발생학적 분석법을 이용하였다. 결과: 1. PCR에 의한 HBV DNA 양성은 107명 중 59명(55.1%)이 양성이었다. HBeAg/anti HBe의 발현 양태에 따라 음성/음성에서 2명(66.7%), 음성/양성에서 30명(41.1%), 양성/음성에서 24명(85.7%), 양성/양성에서는 3명(100%)에서 증폭되었다. 2. Multiplex PCR에서는 58명의 유전자형이 C형, 1명에서는 B형과 C형이 동반 출현하였다. 3. Genotype specific primer를 이용하여 각각 따로 PCR을 시행한 경우에 A형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 1예, B형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 1예, C형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 59예로 A형과 B형 모두가 C형에서 증폭된 예였다. 4. 한 쌍의 시발체에 의하여 증폭되었던 A형과 B형 및 C형의 일부에서 염기를 분석한 결과 모두 C 유전자형이었다. 결론: HBsAg이 양성인 제주 지역 주민의 HBV의 유전자형은 C형일 것으로 생각된다. Background/Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was classified into 8 genotypes by a sequence divergence in the entire genome designated from A o H. HBV genotypes have distinct geographic distributions. Recently, HBV genotypes have been partially found as influencing the clinical manifestation of chronic liver disease in hosts. In Korea, the distribution of HBV genotypes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the HBV genotype on Jeju Island. Methods: Hepatitis B virus genotypes were evaluated among 107 hepatitis B carriers residing on Jeju Island. We used single PCR and multiplex-PCR assay with genotype-specific primer pairs for HBV genotypes A-F for the genotyping. Results: 1. Fifty nine samples (55%) were positive for HBV DNA. The positivity was different according to the pattern of HBeAg/anti-HBe expression, as -/-; 2/3 (66.7%), -/+; 30/73 (30%), +/-; 24/28 (85.7%) and +/+; 3/3 (100%). 2. In the single primer set of genotype-specific PCR, 59 samples (100%) were detected as genotype C and 2 (3%) were also detected as genotype A and B. 3. In multiplex-PCR, 58 samples (98%) were detected as genotype C and only one (2%) as a mixed pattern of genotype B and C. 4. When the PCR products were amplified with universal sense and genotype specific anti-sense from one genotype A, one B, and 2 C, all were included in genotype C. Conclusions: These results suggest that on Juju Island, almost all HBV genotypes are C.(Korean J Hepatol 2004;10:42-50)

자동측정망 데이터를 이용한 국내 항공기소음 실태 조사

이주엽,전지현,이태강,김선우 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

Currently domestic criteria for the aircraft noise is being adapted WECPNL(weighted equivalent continuous perceived noise level), while internationally preferred method is L_(dn) which is originated from L_(eq) and can evaluate even environmental noise. WECPNL used in domestic as a evaluation method is only for the aircraft noise. It is, therefore, not adequate for the evaluation of residents' injury, moreover, it is very difficult to measure the aircraft noise with WECPNL due to the complicated calculating procedures as long as automatic measuring system is not used This study aims to propose alternative evaluation method for the aircraft noise. To achieve this purpose, the data measured by automatic measuring system in 5 places among domestic airports from 1998 to 2002 were gathered and calculated with three evaluation method ; WECPNL, L_(eq) and L_(dn) and the results calculated from different methods were compared and analyzed. At the same time, it was investigated problems generated from the actual operating of the automatic measuring system and that remedy was presented.

치과용 금합금의 표면처리에 따른 교정용 브라켓의 전단결합강도 변화

민지현,황현식,이기헌,박병주 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

A bracket bonding to the dental gold alloy shows a lower bond strength than the natural teeth, and this can be a possible source of subsequent bond failure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of various gold alloy surface treatment techniques on shear bond strength between the orthodontic adhesives and the gold alloy and to find ways of increasing the bond strength. Two hundred and forty specimens made of the dental gold alloy were divided into twelve groups based on the combination of surface treatment methods(non-surface treatment, sandblasted, sandblasted plus tin-plated, and sandblasted plus intermediate adhesive) and adhesive systems(Ortho-one, Panavia 21, Superbond C&B). The specimens with brackets bonded were placed in distilled water at 37℃ for 24 hours and shear bond strength was measured by a universal testing machine. The results were as follows: 1. All surface-treated groups showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than non-surface-treated groups. 2. The sandblasted plus tin-plated group showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than the sandblasted group only when Panavia 21 was involved. 3. The sandblasted plus intermediate adhesive group showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than sandblasted group regardless of the type of adhesive used. 4. Of the three resin adhesive types, the Superbond C&B showed the highest bond strength, followed by Panavia 21 and Ortho-one. These findings suggest that a combination of sandblasting and intermediate resin treatment is desirable in order to enhance bracket bond strength regardless of adhesive types.

학교 지역문화교육을 위한 지역협의체 구성에 관한 연구

김영순,임지혜,배현주 한국문화교육학회 2011 문화예술교육연구 Vol.6 No.2

The aim of this study was to search conditions activating the regional consortium for regional culture education in schools. Results of this study are follows: the regional consortium consists of parents of students, communities, schools, school boards, public institutes, and NGO groups. The consortium contribute the educational support and development for student activities in schools. Furthermore the consortium make an offer to coordinate and facilitate the delivery of information, resources, and services to students, educators, employers, and the community. Therefore, the consortium might be best described as "matchmakers" that help ensure that our customers are able to easily connect with providers of the services they need. The consortium will be made up of a network of service providers from across its region that all collaborate in helping to connect the local education and school communities. 본 연구에서는 지역 사회의 인적·물적 자산을 활용한 문화적 체험활동 교육이 활성화되고 정착되기 위한 방안으로 학교와 지역사회가 밀접한 관계를 형성할 수 있는 지역협의체를 구성하는 안을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 지역문화교육에 필요한 지역협의체에 대한 문헌연구를 수행하였고, 이와 유사한 실제 사례를 찾아 관련 전문가를 대상으로 한 심층인터뷰 결과를 정리하고 시사점을 도출하였다. 연구결과, 지역협의체는 지역특수성, 전문성, 개방성, 공공성, 지속성의 기본원칙을 전제로 하여 교육행정기관, 지자체 행정기관, 민간 및 공공기관, 학교 등의 협력을 통해 구성될 수 있다. 또한 지역에서의 문화적 체험활동의 효율적인 운영을 지원하기 위해 1) 지역사회 내 교육기부 협력기관을 모색 및 발굴·연계, 2) 지역의 교육 인프라 접근성 향상, 3) 지역의 문화 교육 자원 간 네트워크 확장, 4) 지역 내 긍정적인 담론 형성을 위한 홍보 및 인식 개선, 5) 지역문화교육 프로그램 수행 과정의 성찰 등의 역할을 수행해야 한다. 지역협의체를 통한 학교와 지역교육자원의 연계 방안은 교육자원의 유형과 교육운영 주체에 따라 분류될 수 있었고, 강동구청과 대구광역시교육청의 예를 통해 지역문화교육 지원의 구체적인 사례를 살펴볼 수 있었다. 이와 같이 본 연구에서 제안한 지역협의체의 구성은 지역문화교육의 활성화를 위한 초석을 마련해 줄 것이라고 기대해 본다.

1866∼7년 데이 드레스(day dress)의 설계 및 디자인 분석

김문숙,이서희,오현남,한성지,김현주 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1996 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.7 No.-

As the current stage of the fashion begins to follow the styles of the past, the study on the past costume is getting more important, and as the methodology of the study accurately approached study through the rehabilitation of the past costume is more needed than the simple rearrangement of the historical documents. By this methodology, this study can be positioned as a recreation activity. The results of the study are as follows. 1) Style : The general silhouetts is the late crinoline style which is the period from 1860s to just before bustle. The dress is one-piece composed of fitted bodice, and skirt which the front is flat, side and back is triangular shape to the skirts. 2) Color and Material : the main color is pale stone and the sub-color is ivory and blue. The dress is made of a silk surface and cotton back and partly satin and velvet. 3) Pattern and sewing : the dress is together sewing comnined with lining and fabric. The skirt is gored skirt, the number of patterns is plenty because of the plenty of width of skirt. The double piping has various effect not only to decorate but also to conceal the seam, support the silhouette. 4) Detail : The general detail is double piping which are repeatedly used to decorate stand collar, bands of sleeve, froint bodice and gored panel seam of skirt. And the fringe and velvet ribbon are used to decorate the dress. 5) Structural characteristics : The double piping, velvet ribbon and twilled cotton are used to emphasize structural characteristics of crinoline style. And the waistband which is backed with a webbing band to reinforce it is also the structural characteristics. Synthetically, the 1886~7 day dress has the characteristics of transitional stage in which the chararcteristics of the costume of 1860s and the remnants of the characteristics of the previous costume style, and shows the characteristics of day dress well in terms of the style, color and fabrics, pattern and sewing, detail, and structural characteristics.

장거리 달리기 선수에서 횡문근융해와 생화학적 지표의 변화에 대한 연구

안선호,최석채,김태현,나용호,송주흥,이영진,조지현,최석준 대한신장학회 2000 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.19 No.5

전형적인 DISIDA scan 소견의 Rotor 증후군 1예

황의태,염동한,권지혜,임종주,최창수,김태현,김학철 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2008 圓光醫科學 Vol.23 No.2

만성의 비용혈성 직접형 고빌리루빈혈증은 Rotor 증후군과 Dubin-Johnson 증후군의 특징적인 소견으로, Rotor 증후군은 드문 양성 유전성 질환이며, Dubin-Johnson 증후군과 감별을 필요로 한다. 본 저자들은 황달을 주소로 내원한 26세 남자 환자에서 고빌리루빈혈증에 대한 검사를 시행하여 담도폐쇄 소견없이 간담도 스캔상 전형적인 Rotor 증후군의 소견 즉, 강한 심장 배후방사능이 지속되면서, 간담도계의 조영은 지연 촬영에서도 관찰되지 않으며 신장으로의 배설이 계속 관찰되는 특징적인 소견과 정상 간조직 검사 결과로 Rotor 증후군으로 진단한 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Chronic nonhemolytic conjugated hyperbilirubinemia characterizes both Rotor and Dubin-Johnson syndromes. Rotor syndrome is a rare, benign familial disorder and needs to be differentiated from Dubin-Johnson syndrome. Cholescintigraphy is a simple and informative procedure for the diagnosis, which can differentiate Rotor syndrome from Dubin-Johnson syndrome. A 26-year-old man was admitted due to asymptomatic persistent jaundice. Physical examination revealed icteric sclera without hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory findings showed increased serum bilirubin with direct bilirubinemia. Markedly decreased hepatic uptake and poor visualization of the gallbladder and biliary tract were shown in ^(99m)Tc-DISIDA scan. Histology of the liver showed no diagnostic abnormality without pigmentation. But, we report a case of Rotor syndrome that showed characteristic cholescintigraphic findings with normal urinary total coproporphyrin excretion.

Effect of calcium on the formation of colonic aberrant crypt foci induced by azoxymethane and hemin in mice

Hyeon Ji Kim(Hyeon Ji Kim),Ye Seo Jeong(Ye Seo Jeong),Ju Hyung Seok(Ju Hyung Seok),Sung-Jun Kim(Sung-Jun Kim),Sang Yoon Nam(Sang Yoon Nam),Beom Jun Lee(Beom Jun Lee),Young Won Yun(Young Won Yun) 한국예방수의학회 2017 한국예방수의학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2017 No.-