국립공원 주요 아고산대 상록침엽수(구상나무, 분비나무) 고사현황 조사 : 설악, 덕유, 지리산국립공원을 대상으로

김진원(Jin-Won Kim),전자영(Ja-Young Jeon),박홍철(Hong-Chul Park) 국립공원연구원 2021 국립공원연구지 Vol.12 No.2

우리나라 구상나무 및 분비나무군락은 한라산을 제외하면 백두대간 마루금을 중심으로 국립공원 고지대에 대부분 분포하고 있으며, 구상나무는 지리산과 덕유산국립공원, 분비나무는 설악산국립공원에 비교적 넓은 면적이 분포한다. 따라서 두 수종에 대한 생육상태를 파악하고 모니터링하는 것은 국립공원 자연자원의 보전 측면에서 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 지리산, 덕유산, 설악산국립공원 내 서식 중인 구상나무와 분비나무군락에 대한 수년간의 고사실태를 파악하고자 하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 국립공원 아고산생태계의 과학적 보전 및 관리를 위한 토대를 마련하고자 하였다. 2009년부터 2020년까지 상록침엽수 고사현황을 조사한 결과, 지리산국립공원과 덕유산국립공원의 구상나무 고사 및 쇠퇴현상은 매년 나타나고 있으며, 2014년과 2015년에 상대적으로 높은 고사율을 나타냈다. 설악산국립공원의 분비나무 역시 편차는 있지만 구상나무와 마찬가지로 고사현상이 확인되고 있으며, 특히 관모능선과 설악폭포 지역의 고사현상이 지속되고 있다. 설악산 또한 2012년와 2014년에 상대적으로 사율이 높게 나타났지만 전반적으로 큰 차이는 없는 것으로 판단된다. 특정 연도에 고사율이 상대적으로 높게 나타난 요인으로는 태풍, 가뭄, 홍수, 강풍 등과 같은 기상이벤트에 의한 영향이 작용한 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 기상이벤트와의 관계성을 파악하는 후속연구가 필요한 것으로 판단되며, 이를 객관적으로 규명하기 위해서는 더욱 장기적인 모니터링 자료가 뒷받침되어야 한다. Excluding Hallasan National Park, Abies koreana and Abies nephrolepis communities are mostly distributed in the high elevation of the National Park on Baekdudaegan mountain. Abies koreana is distributed in Jirisan and Deogyusan National Park, and Abies nephrolepis is distributed in Seoraksan National Park. Therefore, grasping and monitoring the growth status of both species is important in terms of conservation of natural resources in Korea National Parks. In this study, we attempted to find out the mortality of Abies koreana and Abies nephrolepis inhabitant. The mortality and decay of Abies koreana in Jirisan National Park and Deogyusan National Park occur every year, with relatively high mortality rates in 2014 and 2015. Abies nephrolepis in Seoraksan National Park are also different, but the death phenomenon has been confirmed like Abies koreana. In particular, the death phenomena in the Gwanmo Ridge and Seorak Falls continue to occur. In addition, although the mortality rate was relatively high in 2012 and 2014, there is no significant difference overall. As a factor in which the mortality rate was relatively high in a specific year, it is assumed that the influence of meteorological events such as typhoons, droughts, floods, and strong winds. Therefore, based on the results of this study, it is recommended that a follow-up study is needed to grasp the relationship with the meteorological event, and longer-term monitoring data should be supported in order to objectively investigate this assumption.

Brief introduction of Butterfly(Lepidoptera) from Myanmar

Ja Lang LIM,Jinyoung PARK,Ik Je CHOI,Yong Kyun OH,Eui Seok JEONG,Dong Pyeo LYU,U Pho Cho,Khin Mar Myint,Khin Mar Yi,Jong Kyun PARK 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.04

Myanmar is located in the south-east Asia peninsular and it is flanked by five neighboring states: Bangladesh, India, China, Laos and Thailand. It is located 10~22 degree north latitude, to 92~101 degrees east longitude. Myanmar has a tropical climate with three seasons in Myanmar. Hot season (March through April), rainy season (May through October) and the cool season (November through February). The coastal regions can get very hot and humid, especially before the rainy season. Myanmar has a monsoon season from May to October when there are heavy rains and often flooding. The investigation was carried out during the dry season(2013) in Nat Ma Taung National Park and Popa Mountain Park. Popa Mountain Park is located in Kyawpadaung Township, Myinchan district, Mandaly Division. The area is 49.63 square miles. Its coordinates are 29°31'60" N and 27°43'60" E. Nat Ma Taung National Park, Myanmar treasure is in Mindut District of Chin State and its area of 279 square miles. It is the third highest mountain in Myanmar with the height of 10,500 feet. Its coordinates are 21°14'00" N and 93°54'00" E. As the result, butterflies(Lepidoptera) collected in the two regions were about 60 species of 7 familys. Collecting dates, expedition activities, photo of main specimen and information of Myanmar were provided.

국립공원 내 파충류 자원의 효율적인 관리를 위한 PIT(passive integrated transponder) tag과 무선추적방법(radio telemetry)의 적용

이정현 ( Jung Hyun Lee ),이헌주 ( Heon Joo Lee ),라남용 ( Nam Yong Ra ),김자경 ( Ja Kyeong Kim ),엄준호 ( Jun Ho Eom ),박대식 ( Dae Sik Park ) 한국환경생물학회 2009 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구는 PIT tag (passive integrated transponder)과 무선추적법(radio telemetry)을 오대산국립공원과 월악산국립공원에 서식하고 있는 파충류에 적용한 후, 이를 평가하여 효과적으로 국립공원 내 파충류 자원관리 방안을 모색하기 위하여 수행되었다. PIT tag은 현재까지 알려진 파충류 개체표시법 중에서 가장 효과적인 방법으로 2006년 3월부터 2008년 10월까지 오대산국립공원과 월악산국립공원의 조사지역에 출현한 모든 137마리의 뱀류를 대상으로 적용하였다. 무선추적 연구는 월악산국립공원에서 서식하고 있는 황구렁이(Elaphe schrenckii anomala) 2마리를 대상으로 2007년 9월부터 2008년 11월까지 실시하였다. 연구결과, 두 곳의 국립공원 지역에서 연구기간 동안 17마리가 재 포획되어 평균 12.40%의 재포획률을 보였으며, 재 포획된 개체들의 자료를 통하여 누룩뱀(Elaphe dione)과 쇠살모사(Gloydius ussuriensis) 성체의 SVL 증가를 성공적으로 확인하였다. 무선추적을 통하여 확인된 황구렁이 수컷의 행동권 면적은 MCP=389,600 m2, Kernel 95%=471,800 m2, 암컷은 MCP=162,500 m2, Kernel 95%=208,700 m2인 것으로 확인되었다. 국립공원 내에서 보호와 관리가 필요한 종 혹은 멸종위기대상 종인 파충류를 대상으로 PIT tag과 무선추적을 적용한다면 공원 내 파충류의 효율적인 관리 및 보존방안을 마련하는 데 중요한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. To suggest effective ways of the management of reptiles in Korea national parks, we applied PIT (passive integrated transponder) tag and radio telemetry research methods in the monitoring of reptiles in Odaesan and Woraksan national parks. We implanted PIT tags into 137 snakes (six species) captured in both the national parks between March 2006 and October 2008 and also radio-tracked two Korean rat snakes (Elaphe schrenckii anomala) from September 2007 to November 2008 in the Woraksan national park. Of total 137 snakes which we had inserted the PIT tag, 17 snakes (12.40%) were recaptured. Based on the PIT tag data of the recapture, we successfully obtained the annual growth rate of Korean cat snakes (Elaphe dione) and Red-tongue pit-viper (Gloydius ussuriensis). Home range of the Korean rat snakes based on the data of radio-tracking was estimated as 389,600 m2 (MCP: Minimum convex polygon) and 471,800 m2 (Kernel 95%) for males and 162,500m2 and 208,700m2 for females. These results suggest that if we apply PIT tag and radio telemetry research methods to manage reptiles in Korea national parks, it could greatly increase our understanding about their basic ecology and as the result, it could allow us to develop better management and conservation ways of reptiles in Korea national parks.

A Study on Translating Performance in the Adverbs with Two Forms and Different Meanings

Park,Tae-Ja 한국통번역교육학회 2019 통번역교육연구 Vol.17 No.4

Translation has been used one of the essential teaching methods in the English classroom for a long time. Although it is a significant teaching methods, it has been excluded from measuring the students’ English proficiency in the English classroom. The purpose of this study aimed at exploring the performance differences in translating the adverbs with two forms but differing meanings into Korean. More specifically, this study investigated awareness of the differing meanings of the adverbs with two forms through translation. A total of 70 high school second years participated in the study. They were asked to translate 16 sentences during their class and each sentence was assigned 1 point each, implying the total score amounted to 16. The collected data was analyzed utilizing SPSS and the EXCEL program. The findings of the analysis revealed that the students performed differently in translating the adverbs with two forms and different meanings in the paired sentences. One of the findings was that the students outperformed in translating the adverbs rather than -ly adverbs. Another finding was that the students translated the adverbs “high” and “highly” most correctly, while they translated the adverbs “fair’ and ”fairly“ most poorly. Thus, these findings suggest that translation can be a teaching method in public English classroom since translations enable students to internalize the differences and apply to the sentences in which the different forms of the adverbs are used.

A Study on the Performance Differences in Translating the Adjectives and Adverbs in the Same Form

Park,Tae-Ja,Jeong,Nam-Sook 한국통번역교육학회 2019 통번역교육연구 Vol.17 No.2

One of the essential elements of English teaching for a long time was translation, and a number of entrance exams of universities or colleges focused on translation of paragraphs or texts for decades. Despite its significance, it has been a significant missing part to measure English proficiency in the classroom because it is not a format for high-stakes tests in Korea. This paper aimed at examining the performance differences in translating the words with the same form as adjective and adverb used in the paired sentences into Korean. More specifically, this study examined the awareness of the differing meanings of the same form of the words used as both adjective and adverb through translation. A total of 54 high school second years participated in the study. The findings of their qualitative analysis highlighted that the participants performed differently in translating the words in the paired sentences. One of the findings was that the students translated the words “fast” and “high” most correctly for both adjective and adverb, while their translating performance was extremely poor at the words “pretty” and “well” in the paired sentences as adjective and adverb.

The Challenge of Cyber Novel as a New Form of Literature : My Sassy Girl (Yŏpkijŏgin Kŭnyŏ)

( Park¸ Ja Hyon ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2012 영어권문화연구 Vol.5 No.1

The advent of cyber fiction using digital media is a dominant sociological phenomenon because the wide spread use of computers and the rapid growth of internet users result in the popularization of writing in cyberspace. The activity of cyber communities highlights the issue of writing and technology, and the literary world cannot help but pay attention to writing in cyberspace. Korea is no exception. In Korea, Byung-Ik Kim first used the term “Cyber Fiction” and he considers cyber fiction equivalent to hyper fiction. Both types of fiction not only include the action of writing and reading novels or novellas in cyberspace, but develop the interaction between the writer and the reader through spontaneous communication in cyberspace. The writer sets up several stories in which readers can choose to read and the reader responds the main story by continuing the story. Thus, cyber fiction encourages the writer to experiment on writing and the reader to raise his or her voice through participation. The emergence of cyber fiction in Korea since the 1990s has largely affected Korean Literature in which the writers of established fame secured their authority by excluding cyber fiction as legitimate literary medium. Scholars have studied cyber fiction as a suggestion of a new form of literature in Korea. Although cyber fiction is considered as marginalized in comparison to the form of printing novels, I believe that a new approach of cyber fiction, communication between the writer and reader and the probability of genre transformation, has contributed to the popularity of literature as well as the expansion of accessibility. Cyber novelists have challenged the conservative writing structure and linguistic scholars have concerned regarding the rapid transformation of language, especially among younger generation. The younger generation prefers to read cyber fiction, and the appearance of improper grammar and the transformation of signifiers affect the younger generation's use of daily language. For example, Kyŏn-u 74 (Kim Ho-sik)'s renowned cyber novel, My Sassy Girl (Yŏpkijŏgin Kŭnyŏ), well represents how he applies new language system to his writing and at the same time deconstructs the conventional writing system by creating a new type of relationship between the writer, and the reader, and the language system as well. The growth of cyber literature is considered to be a social phenomenon, and cyber literature should be regarded as a new form of literature. Though rapid, artificial linguistic transformation is regarded as a sociological concern, experimental and challengeable cyber fiction has greater possibility to promote the Korean literature in the era of advanced technology.

A Study on Reverse Translation Performance from English to Korean Back to English

Park,Tae-Ja 한국통번역교육학회 2021 통번역교육연구 Vol.19 No.3

This study sought to explore what kind of reverse translation techniques the college students used for translating from English(L2) to Korean(L1) and back to English(L2). In addition, it examined what type of grammatical errors the students made when they translated their Korean translation back to the target language(English). To those ends, 36 English Education major students were asked to translate the original English text to Korean, and a week later they translated their Korean translation back to the target language(English). After that, the collected data were analyzed. One of the findings was that when the students translated the text from English to Korean, they used transposition the most, followed by modulation, literal translation, and borrowing. Another finding was that omission was the most frequent type of errors made by the students, followed by misformation and addition. Omission and misformation consisted of more than 90 percent of the errors. The least frequent category of errors was misordering. The findings of the study suggest reverse translation can benefit as one of the classroom activities.

일반논문 : 박근혜정부의 공공기관 개혁정책 방향과 과제: 언론보도 내용분석을 중심으로

최자은 ( Ja Eun Choi ),박정수 ( Jhung Soo Park ) 서울대학교 한국행정연구소 2014 行政論叢 Vol.52 No.4

본 연구는 박근혜 정부의 공공기관 개혁정책을 언론보도 내용분석을 통해 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 분석 결과 박근혜 정부의 공공기관 개혁정책은 소프트웨어적 개혁중심, 자율 및 책임강조, 조직 및 인사관리 중심의 공공기관 개혁정책을 해 온 것으로 나타났다. 이는 신공공관리에 근거한 역대 정부의 공공기관 개혁정책과 유사한 방향을 취하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 박근혜 정부는 정부 및 공기업이 처한 대내외적 환경이 역대 정부와 달라졌음에도 불구하고 정부의 공공기관 개혁정책이 상당부분 역대 정부와 유사하다는 점을 언론보도 내용분석을 통해 알 수 있었다. 앞으로 박근혜 정부의 공공기관 개혁정책이 역대 정부와 다른 방향을 모색하고 있다면 공공기관 환경 변화, 시민거버넌스, 협업, 다양한 이해관계자와의 설득과 합의 등의 거버넌스적이고 협력적인 측면을 보다 지향하는 방식으로 추진될 필요가 있으며 언론을 통해 협의되고 설득될 때에 성공적인 공공기관 개혁이 가능할 것이다. This paper aims to analyze media coverage and conduct a content analysis to make comparisons between reforms implemented by the current government and previous administrations, and their different approaches. According to the research on media coverage for Park`s first one year and two months presidency, the press shows differences in their reporting propensity but concludes that it is similar with former governments in terms of their initial reform plan for public institutions and policy based on the New Public Management, particularly focusing on software-centered reform, autonomy and responsibility, and organizational and HR management. The attitudes of media coverage vary depending on the internal and external environment faced by the government and the public, even when current and former governments took a similar stance in public institution reforms. To sum up, the study shows that the current government`s reforms are similar to those of former governments based on New Public Management. Therefore, it is desirable to encourage collaboration and civil governance for consensus and agreement considering changing environment and culture within public institutions by inviting various stakeholders in order to conduct successful reform of those public institutions.

기능성 위장관 장애에서 혈청 IL-1β, IL-2,IL-6의 변화 : 우울증 및 스트레스와의 상관성

박시성,이상신,박무인,구자영,박제민,김명정 한국정신신체의학회 2002 정신신체의학 Vol.10 No.2

도심지역 이동통신의 전파특성 모델

장자영,노순국,박종천,김재섭,박성렬,박창균 조선대학교 동력자원연구소 1996 動力資源硏究所誌 Vol.18 No.1

To predict accurately an antenna radiation pattern is very important for determining of a service area, base-station location, cell design. In this paper, we have calculated a propagation prediction data of Hata, Egri, Carey, Free Space Loss model by a computer simulation in Kwang-ju downtown, and the data is compared with field test data. As a results, Hata and Egri model are approached to field test data, but considerable errors are detected.Conclusively, we believe that the most accurate prediction model must propose to improve the radio propagation environments for the specified region. For resolve these problems, we are proposed a mew experimental radio wave propagation predict model.