美國의 私有林支援 政策 硏究

石玄德,尹汝昌 한국산림경제학회 2003 산림경제연구 Vol.11 No.1

미국의 사유림관리에 있어서 타용도 전용이 가장 큰 문제이다. 따라서 미국의 사유림 지원정책의 주요 목적은 사유림의 타용도 전용을 막기 위한 것으로 교육, 기술지원, 자금지원 등 세가지 주요 정책수단을 이용하고 있다. 사유림지원 프로그램은 약 10종류가 되는 데 이중 Forest Land Enhancement Program(FLEP) 과 Forest Legacy Program(FLP) 이 가장 중요하다. 그 외 다른 프로그램은 임업 이외의 부문에서 지원되고 있어 지원정도가 많지는 않다. 사유림 지원제도를 관리하는 주요 행정부는 산림청이고, 자연자원보전청은 사유림 보호와 직접적으로 관련된 지원제도에 대해서만 관리하고 있다. Since the vast landscape of American forests is increasingly threatened by the rising demand of commercial and residential uses, the major interests and goals of policies for the privately owned forests in US are protecting them from converting for oher uses. In order for protecting privately owned forests, the American Government uses three major tools; education, technical assistance, and financial aid. Two major aiding programs-Forest Land Enhancement Program (FLEP) and Forest Legacy Program (FLP)-are considered as the heart of aiding programs for the privately owned forests among more than 10 programs. Other aiding programs such as Conservation Reserve Program(CRP) can be available for the privately owned forests although the forest can not be the major objects for aiding. Forest Service under the USDA has been the major government body of administrating policies for the private forests, while NRCS(Natural Resource Conservation Service) deals with a part of them, mainly protection policies of the private forest.

건설 예정의 Coil Center 운영에 대한 Simulation 분석

성덕현,윤원영,옥영석 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1997 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.52 No.-

본 논문은 건설예정인 coil center의 처리능력과 물류를 평가하기위한 시뮬레이션모델을 개발하는 연구이다. 경험적인 추정에 의한 야드에서의 수량, 저장시간의 분포를 구하고 3가지 운영대안이 제안되어 SLAMII를 이용한 시뮬레이션을 실시하며 최종적인 대안은 설비(Slitter)의 추가가 추천되어 이 것에 대한 시뮬레이션 결과를 분석한다. 그 결과 Slitter와 저장야드의 병목현상이 나타나므로 향후 이부분에 대한 기술적인 고려가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. In this paper, the simulation model is developed to evaluate the capacity and the material flow of the planned coil center. By the empirical estimation, the distributions of the quantity and the elapse time in the yard are obtained, and three alternatives are proposed. Based on the primitive simulation using SLAMII, the final alternative is prepared which includes one more facility (slitter), and the simulation is also performed. The result shows that the slitter and the storage yard are the bottleneck points throughout the slitting process. And the problem should be solved technically in managerial decision making related to construct the new coil center.

수온 변동 자극이 양식 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 비특이적 생체 방어에 미치는 영향

이덕찬,김도형,김수미,강명석,홍미주,김현정,박수일 한국어병학회 2002 한국어병학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구는 넙치에 대한 수온 변동 자극의 영향을 생체 방어적인 측면에서 검토하고자 하였다. 수온 변동 자극은 매일 18℃에서 25℃까지 상승과 하강을 반복하는 방법을 사용하였으며 그 기간은 30일간 지속하였다. 실험어는 온도변화를 주기 시작한 후 28일째까지 무작위로 채포하여 말초혈액 중의 백혈구 수, 전혈의 식작용능, 활성산소, 환원능, chemiluminescence(CL) response 및 lysozyme용균능과 같은 각종 비특이적 생체방어와 관련한 실험을 수행하였다. 수온 변동 자극을 주기 시작한 후 1일째부터 시작하여 1주일 이내에 약 18%의 넙치가 폐사하였으며 이후에는 대조구와 유사하였다. 또한, 수온 변동 자극을 준 실험구의 호중구 수는 2주째에 유의적인 증가를 보였으며, 림프구 수는 2일과 3일째에 감소하였으나 1주째부터 대조구와 유사한 수준으로 회복되었다. 실험구에서는 식작용 결과 식균율과 식균지수에서 이물질 투여 후의 반응이 늦게 나타났다. 식세포의 활성을 조사한 NBT reduction 실험에서는 실험 기간 동안 대조구와 유사한 경향ㅇ르 나타내었다. 또한, CL response의 경우, 실험구는 온도 변동 자극초기에 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았다. 그리고, 식세포가 분비하는 용균성 효소인 점액 내 lysozyme의 활성은 실험 기간 동안 실험구에서 낮게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 여러 가지 비특이적 생체 방어 반응의 저하 현상은 수온 변동 자극 초기에 나타났으며, 1주일 정도 지속하면 그 환경에 적응하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 이러한 현상은 이들이 초기 폐사 발생과 어떤 상관 관계에 있는 것으로 생각되었다. This study was performed to know the effects of stress nduced by the daily fluctuation of water temperature fro 18? to 25? up and down for 30 days on the defence mechanism of olive flounde,r Paralichthys olivaceus. To make clear the temperature stress on the defense mechanism of the tested fish, several factors of immune response such as counting of leucocyte appearance in periopheral blood, phagocytic activity in whole blood cells, nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) reduction, chemiluminescence(CL) response, and lysozyme activity were investigated at 28 days after giving the change of water temperature. The fish was controlled under the none feeding condition during experimental period. Mortality of the tested fish was rapidly increased up to 22% within the first one week of the experimental period without any additional stress factors. The number of neutrophil of peripheral blood in the tested group was significantly higher than the control group at the 2nd week, but the number of lymphocyte was significantly lower than the control group at the 1st and 3rd day of the experimental period, respectively. In the NBT reduction test, the activity of macrophage in the control group fish was the highest on the 7th day while that in the tested group was on the 3rd day. Also, the phagocytosis of tested group against formalin killed cells was retarded compared with the control CL response of the tested group was significantly lower from 2nd to 5th day of the experimental period than the contro. The lysozyme activity of tested group was remained higher during the experimental period than the contro. Even through the tested fish showed different results in some non-specific factors of immune responses between tested and control group fish, olive flounder seems highly adaptable in repeated water temperature change in condition after one week under the given temperature fluctuation range

대화체 음성번역 시스템을 위한 원격 음성입력기 설계

이광석,김현덕 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2007 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.14

음성 인식기를 사용할 때에 마이크의 위치에 구애받지 않고, 자동적으로 음성을 검출하는 음성 입력 방식은 사용자의 측면에서 대단히 편리하다. 본 연구에서는 대화체 음성 번역 시스템에 이와 같은 원격음성 입력 기술을 구현하기 위하여 자동 음성부 검출 방법과 마이크 어레이를 이용한 다채널 잡음 감소 방법을 적용하였다. 신호 대 잡음비가 25[dB]인 상황에서, 음성부의 시작점과 끝점이 기준점의 200[msec] 이내로 검출될 정확도는 약 97%이었다. 지연-가산 방법을 이용한8 채널 마이크 어레이 잡음 감소기는 최대 6[dB]의 신호 대 잡음비의 개선을 나타내었으며 음성 인식에서의 오류 감축률은 약 16% 정도를 보였다.

Helicobacter pylori와 대장균의 Shuttle Vector 개발

조명제,이우곤,이상룡,김경희,안영숙,김성희,김현주,류복덕,최여정,윤영혜,백승철,전영석,이광호 경상대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 遺傳工學硏究所報 Vol.16 No.-

In this study, a vehicle vector using cryptic plasmids was constructed for gene transfer in Helicobacter pylori. pHP51(3.9 kb) and pHP489(1.2 kb) were selected for constructing vectors from cryptic plasmid of H. pylori isolates in Korea. The HindⅢ-digestedDNA fragment(1.2kb) of pHP489 and 1.6kb DNA fragment of pHP51 were ligated with a kanamycin resistance gene(aph3'-Ⅲ) from C. jejuni to produce the recombinant plasmids pHP489K and pHP51K, respectively. Transformation frequency of pHP51K by electroporation was low. But pHP489K could be effectively transformed into various H. pylori strains. In order to design an intermdiate vehicle vector for gene transfer into H. pylori, pBlueHP489K was prepared by recloning pHP489K DNA into pBluescript and pTZ19R vector. This vector permitted the DNA fragment containing pHP489 sequence, aph3'-Ⅲ, and cloned DNA to be cut and self-ligated in the SacⅠ site after cloning. ureA and ureB gene were inserted into pBlueHP489K, resulting in pBlueHP489K/AB. The DNA fragment containing pHP489, kanamycin resistance gene(aph3'-Ⅲ), and urease structural gene was cut away from pBlueHP489K/AB and self-ligated to generate pBlueHP489K/AB. pBlueHP489K/AB made urease-negative H. pylori strains restore their urease activity. By this experiment, pBlueHP489K was confirmed to be the vehicle system for transferring H. pylori genes.

Vision of Forestry And Its Assignment

( Hyun Deok Seok ),( Woo Whan Jang ) 한국농촌경제연구원 2000 Journal of Rural Development Vol.23 No.1

This study tries to set a new vision of forestry which can satisfy a sustainable development of forestry of the 21st century, and also discusses the assignments of forestry for realizing the new vision of forestry. The new vision for the 21st century is established as the construction of a forestry country for the affluent life of the people, Under this catch phrase, three main concepts are included the creation and conservation of sustainable forest ecosystems. forestry and its related industries raised as high technology industries, providing various forest services for abundant people`s lives. The results of this study can be used as basic information for directing a long-term forest policy because this study was conducted based on the changes of the environments surrounding forests in the 21st century.

The studies on promoting forest carbon sequestration to meet Paris climate agreement targets

Seok Hyun-deok(서현덕),An Hyunjin(안현진),Choi Junyeong(최준영),Ibrahim Muhammad,Tobar Diego 한국농촌경제연구원 2016 한국농촌경제연구원 정책연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

The new emission standards from the Paris agreement presented us with many challenges. Since the role of developing countries in responding to climate change is becoming more significant, Korea, which has not been obliged to reduce climate change so far, should prepare groundbreaking carbon reduction strategies. In addition, we need to strengthen international cooperation to arrive at global solutions to climate change, since carbon emission will induce climate change regardless of which countries emit it. With this background, KREI in Korea and CATIE in Costa Rica performed joint research to seek effective forest action to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Forests make up the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir, sequestrating 30% of annual global anthropogenic CO2. Because two countries have abundant forest resources, it would be expected that responding to climate change using forest resources could be an optimal strategy for both countries. This paper includes details from two different researches. The first research was done by CATIE in Costa Rica with its major objective being to determine the effect of payment for environmental services (PES) as it related to the performance of a silvopastoral (SP) system in Esparaz, Costa Rica. The payment for ecosystem services (PES) has been piloted and implemented in various parts of the world, with an objective of encouraging farmers to engage in environmentally friendly practices to enhance biodiversity. In this strategy, an environmental services index (ESI) is set and farmers are paid for their activities that provide a net increase of the ESI points. A previous study shows that the use of PES initiatives has resulted in increased environmental biodiversity characterized by a reduction in the degraded pastureland and an increase in the portions of pasture with high tree density (Pagiola et al., 2007). The use of PES programs on a silvopastoral (SP) system in Costa Rica also increased the rate of trees’ reintroduction and live fences, thereby improving biodiversity habitat and the levels of carbon sequestration. However, the main concern associated with the use of PES initiatives is the long-term sustainability of the programs as a result of the financial resources required to pay the farmers and the continuity of the programs once the payments have stopped. The second research, performed by KREI in Korea, examines efficient forest regulation planning to enhance carbon sinks in forests using linear programming (LP). Forest management has been taken into consideration to increase forest carbon sequestration and sustainability. However, as Duangsathapon and Prasomsin (2005) argued, forest management can be a challenging and daunting task, calling for the application of scientific methods to ensure proper planning and utilization of environmental resources such as trees in forests. The LP model has been applied to foster proper management of the forest trees. Using the LP model, managers are able to segment forests into cutting units, in which trees that share the same age are segregated, and logging activities are allowed in different segments on a rotation basis to mitigate total deforestation. This model has fostered the maintenance of the tree covers in forests through regulated logging and improved the maintenance of sustainable carbon sequestration in trees. Current unbalanced age structure of Korean forests cannot provide both economic and environmental sustainability. Through harvest prescription from LP, we derived the balanced age-class distribution that constitutes improved conditions for sustainable use of forest resources. Even though there are several limitations, our LP model would provide the forest managers and policy makers with a tool for implementing cost-efficient forest planning.

The analysis of Impacts of factor prices on the production costs of the Korean plywood industry

( Hyun Deok Seok ) 한국농촌경제연구원 1991 Journal of Rural Development Vol.14 No.2

The Test of Technology change, Factor substitution and Production structure adjustment of the Korean plywood Industry

( Hyun Deok Seok ) 한국농촌경제연구원 1994 Journal of Rural Development Vol.17 No.2

An application of dynamo simulation model for the experimental forest of seoul national university

( Hyun Deok Seok ) 한국농촌경제연구원 1993 Journal of Rural Development Vol.16 No.2