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New Abacus Numerals for Eradicating Poverty and Educating Geniuses
( Hayakawa Yoshinori ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2011 No.2
New Abacus Numerals are decimal numerals similar to ordinary abacus except the existence of circle five five, which corresponds to 5 circle five and used only during calculation. Remembering the numeral form and two simple rules, one can calculate addition, subtraction, multiplication and division without further knowledge such as multiplication table.
Computer Numerals for Eradicating Poverty and Educating Geniuses
( Hayakawa Yoshinori ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2011 No.2
Computer Numerals are decimal numerals created by the rule of base 2. They consist of circle one, circle two, four, eight, 16, 32, and circle 64. Remembering the numeral forms and two simple rules, one can calculate addition, subtraction, multiplication and division without further knowledge such as addition table or multiplication table.
Yoshinori Hayakawa,Zhongrui Duan,Miki Yadake,Yasuyo Yamaoka,Rie Inatsugi,Yuki Fujiki,Akira Oikawa,Kazuki Saito,Ikuo Nishida 한국식물학회 2015 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.58 No.3
The apetala3 (ap3)-like homeotic mutation (ap3-HM) is recognized among pD991-AP3-derived Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA-tagged lines carrying the -448 to +47 region of AP3 in their T-DNA. In the corresponding mutant lines for CTP:phosphorylcholine cytidylyltransferase genes, cct1-1 and cct2 (Inatsugi et al. 2009), some flowers of cct1-1 (F4) and many flowers of cct1-1 cct2 (F3) showed ap3-HM, and all flowers of cct1-1 (F5) and cct1-1 cct2 (F4) became increasingly homeotic. In contrast, cct2 flowers were normal for all generations tested. These results demonstrated that ap3-HM is linked to the cct1-1 allele and is enhanced by the cct2 allele. The ap3-HM in cct mutants was inversely correlated with AP3 transcript levels in enriched flower buds. Bisulfite sequencing revealed severe methylation within endogenous AP3 promoter regions in cct1-1 (F3; -317 to -2) and cct1-1 cct2 (F3; -473 to -2), but wild-type (Wassilevskaja) and cct2 plants showed no corresponding methylation. The ap3-HM in cct1-1 cct2 mutants was fully rescued by expressing a PISTILLATA promoter–AP3 construct, and was better alleviated in the F1 offspring of a cross with the CCT1-overexpressing mutant cct1-2 (Columbia) than with the wild type. We discuss possible links between expression of CCT and suppression of ap3-HM.