原木 표고 栽培 收益性 調査

崔泰鎬,閔斗植,趙南奭,趙修玉 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1993 農業科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

For the investigation of the economics of mushroom(Lentinus erodes) cultivation in the oak bed- log, the items of production costs were examined. The results are as follows ; 1. Among the items of cultivation costs in the first year, the material bed-log cost(62.4% ) was the highest, then the labor cost was. 2. The labor costs for management(27.6-28.1%), bed-log handling(26.8-27.9% ) and mushroom harvesting(26.2-27.9%) were higher than the others from the 2nd year to the sixth year. 3. The gross income and the cultivation cost per one bed- log were 15,672 won and 3,170 won for six years. 4. For six years, the total net income was 12,500 won and the annual income was 2,080 won per one bed- log.

左金丸이 腸運動 및 胃液分泌에 미치는 影響

崔斗鎬,文九,文錫哉 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1993 원광한의학 Vol.3 No.1

Effects of Joakeumwhan(左金丸) extract on the gastrointestinal tract were investigated in rabbits and rats. Treatment of Joakeumwhan extract caused an increase of contractile response of the isolated rabbit ileum. Generally the magnitude of increase was related to the dose of Joakeumwhan extract. The contracting effect of Joakeumwhan extract was not changed by pretreatment of Atropine. The contracting effect of Joakeumwhan extract was inhibited by pretreatment of Pheniramin maleate. The contracting effect of Joakeumwhan extract was inhibited by pretreatment of Cyproheptadine. The contractile response of the isolated lieum was reduced by retreatment of Joakeumwhan extract. The gastric secretion of rat was increased by treatment of Joakeumwhan extract. The gastric acidity of rat was not changed by treatment of Joakeumwhan extract.

설포메틸화법에 의한 無公害 傳統韓紙의 제조에 관한 연구

趙南奭,閔斗植,崔泰鎬,李載源 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1993 農業科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

This study was performed to investigate the pollution-free papermaking characteristics from paper mulberry by sulfomethylation pulping. Bast fibers were pulped by sulfomethylated cooking liquor and by alkali and alkali-peroxied processes for the comparison. Sulfomethylated pulping resulted in the superior pulp with high yield and better quality compared to those of alkali and alkali- peroxide pulps. Since the pulp was so bright, there was almost no need additional bleaching. Polluttant loads of sulfomethylated pulping effluent were very low in terms of pH, turbidity and color compared to those of alkali. Pollution-free effluents was accomplished by simple filtering treatment with pine bark, charred rice hull and sawdust compost. Pine bark was the most effective in reduction rate of pollutants. Key words : Korean traditional paper, Paper mulberry, Alkali-Peroxide, Sulfomethylated pulping, Effluent.

웨이트 트레이닝 모델에 의한 운동부하가 흰쥐 장단지근의 핵소체 형성부위 활성과 근섬유의 형태에 미치는 효과

한두석,천상우,최영자 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1995 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.4 No.1

This study was to investigate the nucleolar organizer region(NOR) associated protein by means of silver chloride staining and muscle fiber types in sections stained for SDH in the gastronecmius muscle loaded with movement by klitgaard's weight training model. Ag-NOR technique is a direct measure of the ongoing transcriptional activity of the rRNA gene or their activity. The number of Ag-NORs sites within nucleolus may reflect protein synthetic activity and proliferation. Thirty Spraque-Dawley adult female rats(190-200g) were divided into control and 3 experimental groups, which were trained for 1, 2 and 3 months. Body weight and muscle weight measured at 1, 2 and 3 months. The removed muscle was fixed by immersion, and processed for light microscopy. The results were as follows; 1. Body weight was increased, but muscle weight was decreased with the lapse of time of training. 2. After movement, the mean number of nucleolar organizer regions per nucleus was significantly increased at 2 and 3 months in gastronecmius muscle. 3. The percent of nucleolus include 4 Ag-NOR or more was increased with the lapse of time of training. 4. In muscle fiber types, type A was decreased but type C was significantly increased with the lapse of time of training.

한국인의 항파상풍 항체 역가

구홍두,최옥경,장석준,정구영,이정운,김승호 대한응급의학회 1993 대한응급의학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Inspite of immunization, TETANUS remains a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Tetanus has been still occurred more frequently in developing countries where immunization programs are inadequate. In Korea, there is a routine immunuzation schedule with diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus(DPT) vaccines at 2,4,6 month after birth at 18 month. But further prophylactic programs are not exist. Moreover, we have usually used only passive immunization, tetanus antitoxin, as a prophylactic regimen for injured patients instead of guidelines of Center for Disease Control. The purpose of this study was to assess the baseline tetanus immunity state and to suggest the proper immunization schedule and adequate prophylactic guideline for injured patients in Korea. One hundred thirty one trauma patients from emergency department of Severance hospital from September to November of 1993 were included. Antietanus antibody titers of the patients were analyzed by ELISA assay. The mean antitetanus antibody titer was 0.728 ±0.236IU/mL. The titers were diminished rapidly with age. In pediatric group(age under 15), the mean titer was 3.251 ±0.426 IU/mL and in geriatric group(age over 64), the mean titer was 0.007 ±0.002 IU/mL which was below the minimal protective antibody titer(0.01 IU/mL). While all of the pediatric patients have protective antibody titer, only 69.2% of young adults(15-39, n=65), 56.7% of adults(40-64, n=30), and 57.2% of geriatrics(>65, n=14) have protective antibody titer. Our results suggest that tetanus prophylaxis is unnecessary in the age under 14. In other age groups, however, our data strongly support the need of prophyulaxis.

수중 가청음에 대한 멸치 어군의 행동 반응

이창헌,문종욱,박용석,최찬문,서두옥 제주대학교 해양연구소 1998 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.22 No.-

A field experiment was carried out to confirm the effect of underwater sound on the luring of fish school using a surface speaker at the coast of Cheju Island. Underwater sounds that were emitted for the luring of fish school were the pure sound of which frequencies were 200Hz and 300Hz. 1. The sound pressure level of 100Hz. 200Hz. 300Hz. 500Hz and 1000Hz classified by the depth of water at sea were 95dB. 100dB. l00dB 80dB and 60dB at 1m. 90dB. 95dB. 88dB. 70dB and 45dB at 10m. 87dB, 90dB. 82dB. 65dB and 42dB at 20m respectively. 2. The effect of the emitted pure sound of 200Hz and 300Hz was remarkable for luring of fish school in about 30 minutes after sound emission. Then Sound pressure was 120 - 130dB. The lured fish school was the shoal of anchovy 3. The fact that anchovy school geathered at 200Hz and 300Hz suggested that this fish school did not show sensitive response to the change of frequencies.

수면확성기의 음향특성에 관한 연구

이창헌,문종욱,박용석,최찬문,서두옥 제주대학교 해양연구소 1998 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.22 No.-

To obtain the fundamental data on a surface speaker made to lure fish school by pure sound, three surface speakers were made of moving coil driver units of 75W and 50W respectively. Their frequency characteristic was measured in the range of 200 - 4mHz that could be used in luring fish school. The results of the measurements in air and sea are follows. 1. The input and output wave forms of a surface speaker were similar to each other in measurement frequencies in air. Then sound pressure of a surface speaker made of 75W driver units among them was over 130dB(0dB re 20μ Pa) in the range of 300 - 400Hz maximally. 2. When the surface speaker with 75W driver units emitted the measurement frequencies at sea. Sound pressure classified by the depth of water were over 140dB at 1m and 120dB at 20m(0dB re 1μ Pa) respectively.

First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum on Arabidopsis thaliana in Korea

Choi, Hyong-Woo,Choi, Young-Jun,Kim, Dae-Sung,Hwang, In-Sun,Choi, Du-Seok,Kim, Nak-Hyun,Lee, Dong-Hyuk,Shin, Hyeon-Dong,Nam, Jae-Sung,Hwang, Byung-Kook The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.1

In November 2008, typical powdery mildew symptoms were observed on leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0 plants in a growth room under controlled laboratory conditions at Korea University, Seoul. The disease was characterized by the appearance of white powder-like fungal growth on the surface of infected leaves. As the disease progressed, infected leaves exhibited chlorotic or necrotic brown lesions, and leaf distortion and senescence. Conidiophores of the causal fungus were hyaline, unbranched, 3-4 celled, cylindrical, and $80-115{\times}6-9{\mu}m$ in size. Singly produced conidia (pseudoidium type) were hyaline, oblong to cylindrical or oval in shape, and $26-55{\times}15-20{\mu}m$ in size with a length/width ratio of average 3, angular/rectangular wrinkling of outer wall and no distinct fibrosin bodies. Appressoria on the hyphae were multi-lobed. These structures are typical of the powdery mildew Oidium subgenus Pseudoidium, anamorph of the genus Erysiphe. The measurements of the fungal structures coincided with those of Erysiphe cruciferarum. The phylogenetic analysis using ITS rDNA sequences revealed that the causal fungus Erysiphe sp. KUS-F23994 is identical to E. cruciferarum. The isolated fungus incited powdery mildew symptoms on the inoculated Arabidopsis leaves, which proved Koch's postulates. Taken all data together, we first report the occurrence of powdery mildew disease of A. thaliana caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum in Korea.

Pepper Mitochondrial <i>FORMATE DEHYDROGENASE1</i> Regulates Cell Death and Defense Responses against Bacterial Pathogens

Choi, Du Seok,Kim, Nak Hyun,Hwang, Byung Kook American Society of Plant Biologists 2014 Plant Physiology Vol.166 No.3

<P><I>Formate dehydrogenase contributes to defense-related hormone regulation and defense gene activation, ultimately leading to hypersensitive cell death and defense response to bacterial pathogens</I>.</P><P>Formate dehydrogenase (FDH; EC 1.2.1.2) is an NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of formate to carbon dioxide. Here, we report the identification and characterization of pepper (<I>Capsicum annuum</I>) mitochondrial <I>FDH1</I> as a positive regulator of cell death and defense responses. Transient expression of <I>FDH1</I> caused hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death in pepper and <I>Nicotiana benthamiana</I> leaves. The D-isomer<B>-</B>specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase signatures of FDH1 were required for the induction of HR-like cell death and FDH activity. FDH1 contained a mitochondrial targeting sequence at the N-terminal region; however, mitochondrial localization of FDH1 was not essential for the induction of HR-like cell death and FDH activity. <I>FDH1</I> silencing in pepper significantly attenuated the cell death response and salicylic acid levels but stimulated growth of <I>Xanthomonas campestris</I> pv <I>vesicatoria</I>. By contrast, transgenic Arabidopsis (<I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I>) overexpressing <I>FDH1</I> exhibited greater resistance to <I>Pseudomonas syringae</I> pv <I>tomato</I> in a salicylic acid-dependent manner. Arabidopsis transfer DNA insertion mutant analysis indicated that <I>AtFDH1</I> expression is required for basal defense and resistance gene-mediated resistance to <I>P. syringae</I> pv <I>tomato</I> infection. Taken together, these data suggest that <I>FDH1</I> has an important role in HR-like cell death and defense responses to bacterial pathogens.</P>

The Role of Pepper Mitochondrial FORMATE DEHYDROGENASE1 (CaFDH1) in Hypersensitive Cell Death and Disease Response

Du Seok Choi,Dae Sung Kim,Nak Hyun Kim,Byung Kook Hwang 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07

In higher plants, formate dehydrogenase (FDH; EC 1.2.1.2) is a NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of formate into carbon dioxide. Although FDHs have been reported to be induced by various abiotic stresses, the function of FDHs in biotic stress is rarely known. In this work, we describe the identification of pepper mitochondrial FORMATE DEHYDROGENASE1 (CaFDH1) as a positive regulator of cell death and disease resistance. Transient expression of CaFDH1 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves caused hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death, where D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase signature was crucial for the induction of the cell death. Localization analysis using green fluorescence protein showed that CaFDH1 targeted to the mitochondria with the mitochondria targeting sequence at N-terminal region. However, the mitochondrial localization of CaFDH1 is not essential for the induction of HR-like cell death, because the cytosolic CaFDH1 could elicit cell death response. Silencing of CaFDH1 in pepper significantly compromised the cell death response and salicylic acid (SA) levels, but enhanced growth of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. In contrast, transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing FDH1 exhibited enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Taken together, these data suggest that CaFDH1 has a role in HR cell death and defense response to microbial pathogens.