위암 환자의 말초혈액 조혈모세포로부터 수지상세포로의 분화 유도

최지연,이대희,정현기,조성래 고신대학교 의학부 2002 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.17 No.1

Background Throughout the body. Dendritic Cells (DCs) capture the antigens, migrate to draining lymphoid organs and mature to present the processed antigens to naive T cells to generate the effector cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) or helper T cells. The granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) cooperate in vitro generation of DCs from Periperal Blood Stem Cells(PBSCs). Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is an another important factor in promoting DCs outgrowth and expression of CD1a with costimulatory molecules and in blocking monocytic differentiation. The aim of this study was induction of differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells from PBSCs in patient with stomach cancer. Methods The CD34+ PBSCs were obtained from the patients with stomach cancer and divided the samples into 6 groups. Flt-3 Ligand (FL) (F group), GM-CSF (G group), IL-4 (I group), TNF-α(T group), GM-CSF and IL-4(GI group), FL, GM-CSF, IL-4 and TNF-α(FGIT group) were added to X-VIVO culturing media. The cells were cultured for 2 weeks, then. examined the morphology of and functions the cells with phase contrast and fluorescence microscopes. Results The generated cells with FL, GM-CSF, IL-4 and TNF-α showed typical morphology of DCs including multiple dendrites and profuse cytoplasm. The cells stained positively with CD1a, CD83 and CD86, FL, GM-CSF, IL-4 and TNF-α. Conclusion Large quantities of mature DCs from PBSCs in a patient with stomach cancer was possible using FL, GM-CSF, IL-4 and TNF-α. Further studies are needed with various types of diseases and culture environments.

舶用 디이젤機關의 自動調速制御에 關한 解析

崔亢奎,金泰起 관동대학교 1972 關大論文集 Vol.1 No.1

Lately it has been deeply marked that the Hydro Speed Governer turns up an important and outstanding appearence as an automatic controlling system in the field of marine diesel engine. In the past it was mainly adopted the mechanical governer for that function, but it has brought remarkable improvement to the technique of analysis due to the application with modern electronic computer today. It looks very hard project to analyze the Hydro Speed Governing System of engine, however, it is possible to seek for the method of measuring the approximate Value of Transient Response if certain appropriate assumption and hypotheses set up. In this thesis, the device of Hydro-Speed Governing for marine diesel engine is aimly studied. Particularly on the fishering marine diesel engine installed with the C.P.P.- Controlable pitch propeller-, the relationship of Reference Input and Controlled Value, the Steady State operation and the Transient Response on the relationship of the Disturbance and Control System are apparently investigated over and analyzed of the general coefficients by the theoretical computation and experimental method. As the program for the remote control and automation of ship got into request of rapid development, but it requires more improvement on it until approaching to standard available. Hydro Speed Governer posses a sufficient power with out-put and wide range of response, isochronous character, therefore, this is precisely capable on a definite speed running no matter of disturbance. In this treatise, the speed governer manufactured by American Woodward Co.was adopted for the material, with which the ships hull, engine and speed governer were analyszed in trinity. In the first chapter, there investigated over the Steady State Operation and Transient Response on the hull and engine. The second chapter contains over the investigation of Stability through general system by Disturbance with the Speed Governer installed on board.

강원,경북지역 낙엽송 지위지수 적합성 평가에 관한 연구

이대성 ( Dae Sung Lee ),이의섭 ( Eui Sub Lee ),최종현 ( Jong Hyun Choi ),서영완 ( Yeong Wan Seo ),최정기 ( Jung Kee Choi1 ) 한국임학회 2014 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

본 연구는 강원 및 경북지역의 낙엽송 지위지수의 적합도를 평가하기 위해 실시되었다. 연구자료는 강원 및 경북지역의 45개 낙엽송 인공림 표준지 조사로부터 우세목 1본을 선발하여 수간석 해를 통해 분석되었다. 산림청에서 개발된 지위지수표에 의거하여 본 연구대상지의 지위지수를 산정한 결과, 지위지수가 18 이하로 낮은 지역은 8곳(18%)이었으며, 지위지수가 20 이상으로 우수한 지역이 37곳(82%)으로서 대부분 지역에서 지위지수가 우세하였다. 지위지수곡선의 적합도를 평가하기위해 수간석해목의 과거에서 현재까지의 수고생장에 따른 지위지수의 변화를 도시한 결과, 초기 임령 때 지위지수와 차이가 없는 곳은 단지 8지역(18%)이었으며, 지위지수가 2∼4 m 차이가 발생한 지역이 19곳(42%), 6 m 이상 발생한 지역이 18곳(40%)으로 나타났다. This study was performed to evaluate the compatibility of site index for Larix kaempferi in Gangwon and Kyeongbuk regions. The data were collected and analyzed from stem alalysis of one dominant tree at each of 45 permanent plots installed in the regions. The result of site index estimation following the site index table developed by Korean Forest Service (KFS) showed that 8 plots (18%) were less than site index 18 and 37 plot (82%) greater than site index 20. Height growth changes of stemmed trees until present were illustrated in a graphic form to evaluate the compatibility of site index curve. The result showed that only 8 plots (18%) did not show any change of site index as trees age, 19 plots (42%) fluctuated in 2∼4m and 18 plots (40%) over 6m.

低濃度 Al-Si系合金에 있어서의 Si 析出物의 粗大化 現象

趙顯麒,李基大,崔德淳 慶北大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

The coarsening behaviours of Si precipitates in dilute Al-Si alloys havs been investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy and also determined the number density of Si precipitates and activation energy for the growth of precipitates. The mean radius of Si precipitates in dilute Al-Si alloys was proportional to (time)^(1/3) and this results agree with Lifshitz-Wagner theory for the diffusion controlled mechanism. The number density of Si precipitates was decreased monotonously with increasing of ageing time. Activation energies for the coarsening of Si precipitates in Al-0.8wt% Si alloy and Al-1.2wt%Si alloy were 33.44 Kcal/mol and 32.9 Kcal/mol respectively, which agreed with that of inter-diffusion.

치과용 임프란트의 박막코팅 표면처리

이기대,최석규 대구보건대학 2003 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

This study was performed to examine the effect of electro-chemical treatment on the precipitation of apatite-like calcium phosphate in simulated body fluid. Titanium plates were polished from #600 to #2,000 sand paper and one surface of each specimen was received an additional polishing sequence through 0.1㎛ alumina paste. To improve the activity of titanium plates, they were electro-chemically treated at 100㎃ for 20min in an electrolyte containing the calcium and phosphate ions, and the temperature of electrolyte was held constantly in the range of 20∼80℃ during the treatment. All specimens were soaked in the (Hanks solution) with pH 7.4 at 36.5℃ for 30 days, and the surfaces were examined with XRD, SEM, XPS. Precipitation of calcium phosphate and CaO were observed on the electro-chemically treated titanium surface in a simulated body fluid after treatment at 600℃. Precipitation of calcium phosphate was densified and coarsened with increasing the temperature of the electrolyte solution in the range of 20∼80℃. The calcium phosphate contained phosphate in the form of PO₄^(3-), HPO₄^(2-) and H₂PO₄^(-1).

휠체어농구선수의 심리기술과 자기관리 특성 분석

김대현,최승권,김운기 용인대학교 2009 특수체육연구 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구는 휠체어농구선수와 장애가 없이 휠체어농구를 하는 선수 간 심리기술 및 자기관리의 수준과 심리기술이 자기관리에 미치는 영향력을 알아보고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 2008년 현재 대한장애인농구협회에 등록된 모든 선수를 대상으로 실시하였으며, 응답이 부실한 설문지를 제외한 총 106명의 설문지를 대상으로 자료를 분석하였다. 설문에 응답한 106명 중 휠체어농구선수 집단은 59명, 장애가 없는 휠체어농구선수 집단은 47명이었다. 본 연구의 조사도구는 유진(1996)의 운동선수 심리기술 검사지와 허정훈(2003)의 운동선수 자기관리 검사지를 사용하였다. 조사도구에 대한 타당성 검증은 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였고 신뢰도 검증은 Cronbach's α를 실시하였다. 조사한 자료의 분석은 two-way ANOVA, Multiple Regression analysis를 실시하였으며, 유의수준은 α<.05로 설정하였다. 자료 분석 결과, 첫째, 장애유무와 포지션에 따른 심리기술에서는, 휠체어농구선수집단이 집중력과 불안조절에서 장애가 없는 휠체어농구선수 집단보다 높은 수준을 나타냈다. 둘째, 장애유무와 경력에 따른 심리기술 중 목표설정과 심상에서 경력이 짧은 집단은 장애가 없는 휠체어농구선수집단이 높은 수준을 나타냈고, 그와 반대로 경력이 오래된 집단에서는 휠체어농구선수집단이 높은 수준을 나타냈다. 또한, 경력 4-6년 집단이 목표설정과 심상에서 제일 높은 수준을 나타냈다. 셋째, 선수들의 심리기술이 자기관리에 미치는 영향에서는 몸관리에서 목표설정과 팀조화가 영향을 미쳤고, 대인관리에서는 팀조화, 심상, 의지력이 영향을 미쳤으며, 훈련관리에서는 의지력, 심상, 목표설정, 팀조화가 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라, 경기력 향상을 위해서는 휠체어농구 선수들에게 체력훈련과 기술훈련 외에 심리훈련을 병행 실시해야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to examine the level and relative influence of the psychological skills and self-management of wheelchair basketball athletes and able-bodied wheelchair basketball athletes. The subjects in this study were carried with every athlete who registered with the Korea Wheelchair Basketball Federation. After a survey was conducted, the answer sheets from 106 participants were analyzed except for incomplete ones. Out of the 106 respondents, 59 persons were WA group, and 47 persons were AWA group. The instruments used in this study were Yu Jin's Athlete Psychological Skills Inventory and Heo Jeong-hun (2002)'s Athlete Self-Management Inventory. To verify the validity of the instruments, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out, and Cronbach alpha coefficient was utilized to test their reliability. For data analysis, two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were employed, and the level of significance was set at α<.05. As a result of data analysis, First, as for the relationship of the presence or absence of disabilities and position to psychological skills, the WA group was ahead of the AWA group in concentration and anxiety-control. Second, concerning the relationship of disabilities and career to psychological skills, the less-experienced athletes of the AWA group excelled their counterparts of the WA group at goal-setting and imagery, which were two of psychological skills. In the event of the experienced athletes, however, the WA group surpassed the AWA group in those regards. The athletes who had served as athletes for four to six years were most excellent in goal-setting and imagery. Third, the grade of skills made no difference to their level of psychological skills and self-management. Fourth, as to the impact of psychological skills on self-management, their healthcare was under the influence of goal-setting and teamwork; and teamwork, imagery and will-power had an impact on interpersonal skills. Training-management was affected by will-power, imagery, goal-setting and teamwork. Consequently, in aim to advance the athletic performance, it should co-apply psychological practice for the wheelchair basketball players in accordance with physical training and technical skill.

n-CdS_(0.46)Se_(0.54)/p-Cu_92-x)S_(0.46)Se_(0.54) 이종접합 태양전지의 제작과 그 특성에 관한 연구

유상하,최승평,이상열,홍광준,서상석,김혜숙,전승룡,윤은희,문종대,신영진,정태수,신현길,김택성,유기수 全北大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學 Vol.16 No.-

승화방법에 의해 CdS_0.46Se_0.54 단결정을 성장하여 결정구조를 조사하고, Van der Pauw 방법으로 Hall effect를 측정하여 carrier density의 온도 의존성과 mobility의 온도 의존성을 조사하였다. 성장된 CdS_0.46Se_0.54 단결정을 치환반응하여 n-CdS_0.46Se_0.54/p-Cu_2-xS_0.46Se_0.54 이종접합 태양전지를 제작하였다. Spectral response, 전류-전압특성 및 전력변환 효율을 조사하여 그 결과로부터 개방전압은 0.48V, 단락 전류 밀도는 21mA/㎠, fill factor와 전력변환효율은 각각 0.75와 9.5%를 얻었다. CdS_0.46Se_0.54 single crystal was grown by a sublimation method. The crystal structure and the temperature dependence of carrier density and mobility of CdS_0.46Se_0.54 single crystal were studied. Heterojunction solar cells on n-CdS_0.46Se_0.54/p-Cu_2-xS_0.46Se_0.54 were fabricated by the substitution reaction. The spectral response, the J-U characteristics and the conversion efficiency of the n-CdS_0.46Se_0.54/p-Cu_2-xS_0.46Se_0.54 heterojunction solar cells were studied. The open-cricuit voltage, short-circuit density, fill factor and conversion efficiency of n-CdS_0.46Se_0.54/p-Cu_2-xS_0.46Se_0.54 heterojunction solar cells under 80mW/㎠ illumination were found to be 0.48V, 21mA/㎠, 0.75 and 9.5%, respectively.

經濟福祉의 指標와 計測

이정호,장기주,최대식 韓社大學 産業福祉硏究所 1980 産業福祉 Vol.3 No.-

Der Zweck meiner Abhandlung liegt in diesem Punkt, daβ Ich die Definiton der Wirtschafswohlfahrt und das Messenmodell zeige, das Kennzeichen der Wirtschaftswohlfahrt in der Klassikschule und der Neuklassikschule finde, das Kennzeichen der koreanischen Statistik wendet, die Wirtschaftswohlfahrt analysiert und die Rechtungaufstellung der nationallen Wirtschaftswohlfahrt betrachtet. Die physiokratismen zeigen daβ das wahre Reichtum der Mensch, das Lebensmaterial und vor allem die Landwirtschaftsprodukte ist. Also ist die Landswirtschaft die Lebenst ätigkeit f ür das Erwerben der Wohlhahrt. Die Natur ist die Quelled des Reichtums. Man sagt, daβ das Problem zwischen den Armen und den Reichen auf die Arbeit, das Land selbst beruht. Die Klassikschule behauptet, daβ das Lebensmaterial des Menschen z. B. Landwirtschaftsprodukte, das industrielle Fabrikat, die G üter und die Arbeit die Quelle das Reichtums ist. A Smith sagt, der Nationalreichtum ist dar Reichtum des Volks, d.h. die Arbeitsansammelung des Volks. Das Problem zwischen den Armen und den Reichen bezieht sich auf die Arbeitsproduktivit ät; Diese ist im Zusammenhang mit dem Anteil zwischen der Arbeitsteilung und der Arbeit. F. Quesnay sagt, der Erwerb der Wirtschaftswohlfahrt kann durch das Naturrecht erreicht werden, dieses bedeutet das Recht des Menschen, alles genieβen zu k önnen. Wenn der Mensch das Naturrecht durch die Vernunft ausübt, so kann das Naturrecht mit der naturordnung nebeneinanderbestehen. Smith behaupter, daβ der wirtschaftliche Person nicht das wirtschafliche Tier Sondern der Erwerb der Wirtschaftswohlfahrt durch Menschen ist. Der individuelle Betrieb nach der Wohlfahrt stimmt mit der Kasteiung und der Mäβigkeit überein. Nachdem A.C.Pigou, einer von den Neuklassikschulen, die Wirtschaftswohlfahrt als die Austeilung des Volkseinkommens betrachtet hatte, legte er davon drei Sätze vor; (1) Je höher das individuelle Einkommen ist, desto höher ist die wirtschaftswohlfahrt. (2) Je höher die Einkommenausteilung ist, desto höher ist die Wirtscha ftswohlfahrt. (3) Je minder die Änderung des Einkommensist, desto höher ist die Wirtschaftswohlfahrt. Das Einkommenniveau, das Einkommenausteilung das Einkom menstabilität, dies sind das groβe Ziel der nation wirtschaftlichen Politik. Der theoretische Grund Pigosst ist wie folgt; Der Grenznutzen des Reichen ist niedrig durch das Gesetz der Grenznutzenverminderung im Vergleich zu dem Grenznutzen des Armen. Wenn der Einkommenumzug gleich mit dem individuellen Grenznutzen ist, so wird die soziale gesamte Harmonie maximal. Wenn die Forschung nach der Wirtschaftswohlfahrt durch Smiths “Erhöhung der Arbeitskraft”, Malthusens “Schaffen des wirksamen Bedarfs”, Ricardos “Wachsen des reinen Einkommens”, Mills “Verbesserung der Austeilung”, Marschalls “Schaffen des Uberrestes”, Pigous “der Umzug des Einkommens” erreicht wird, so muβ die Planwirtschaft erreicht werden. Ich will folgenden Aufgaben des Wirtschaftswohlfahrts zeigen; Erstens ist das Wirtschaftwohlfahrt problem in der Anfangsstadiumindustriestufe. Von “Smith” bis “W.H.Beveridge” ist die Herausforderung zu der Armut der Weg zur Wohlfahrt. Das gemeinsame Schicksal des Arbeiters ist Marschalls Worte, daβ das Studium von der Armut das interesse aller Menschen ist. Galbraith sagte wie folgt; Die individuelle Armut wird auf die einsame Armut beschränkt. Die Armut bedeutet nicht nur die Physikalische Existenz sondern auch die Bedurfnisbefriedigung. Die Armut bezieht auf die relative Genüge zur Lebensniveau. Die Einkommensniveau ist hoch, der Verbrauchbedarf ist mannigfaltig, und der Wertnorm, die Wertanschaung verändern sich, infolgedessen will ich behaupten, daβ das wirkliche Gefühl und die Inhalt der Armut auch sich verändert. Zwitens ist das Wirtschaftwohlfahrtproblem in der Höheindustriestufe. Statt der Förderung der physikalischen Wohlfahrt fehlt es auch an geistiger Genüge; das Entfremdungsgeüfhl und Isolierungsgefühl. Das dropende Dasein zur Wohlfahrt ist erstens die Inflation, zweitens die Umgebungvernureinigung, drittens die Austrocknung der Hilfsquelle, viertens die Übervölkerung. In der Höheindustriestufe müssen der Lebensvorzug statt des Produktionsvorzugs und die Wohlfahrt statt des Wachstums gefördert warden.

관동맥 재개통 후 QTc간격분산의 감소 : 정량적으로 측정한 심근 허혈의 호전 정도와의 연관성 Relationships with the Quantitative Degree of Improvement in Myocardial Ischemia

박상선,최기준,남기병,이철환,홍멸기,박성욱,박승정,신중우,문대혁,김유호 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

Experimental Research Article : The interaction of intrathecal neostigmine and N6-cyclohexyladenosine on anti-allodynic effects in rats with a nerve Ligation injury

( Dae Kee Choi ),( Seong Soo Choi ),( Jai Hyun Hwang ) 대한마취과학회 2010 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.59 No.1

Background: Nerve ligation injury in rats produces a pain syndrome that includes mechanical allodynia. Intrathecal administration of cholinesterase inhibitors or adenosine receptor agonists have anti-allodynic effects in this model. Therefore, we tested the interaction between intrathecal neostigmine and N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) in a rat behavioral model of neuropathic pain. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared with tight ligation of the spinal nerves for producing allodynia and with a lumbar intrathecal catheter for drug administration. Allodynia thresholds for hindpaw withdrawal against mechanical stimuli were assessed and converted to percent maximal possible effect. Neostigmine (0.3-10 μg) and CHA (0.03-3 μg) were administered to obtain the dose-response curves and the 50% effective dose (ED50). Equal fractions (1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 ED50s) of the two drugs were administered to establish the ED50 of neostigmine-CHA combination. Side effects were also assessed. The drug interaction was evaluated by isobolographic and fractional analyses. Results: Neostigmine, CHA, and the neostigmine-CHA combination dose-dependently produced anti-allodynia effects. Side effects such as sedation and motor weakness were similar in the three groups. In the isobolographic analysis, the experimental ED50 for the combination of neostigmine-CHA lay far below and to the left of the theoretical additive line. Fractional analysis indicated that the total combination fraction of the two drugs was 0.39. Conclusions: Intrathecal co-administration of neostigmine and CHA showed a synergistic anti-allodynia effect. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2010; 59: 39-44)