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Jang, Jae-Won,Lee, Jung-Kil,Hur, Hyuk,Seo, Bo-Ra,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Kim, Soo-Han Medknow Publications Pvt Ltd 2011 Surgical neurology international Vol.2 No.-
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Although the vertebral artery injuries (VAI) associated with cervical spine trauma are usually clinically occult, they may cause fatal ischemic damage to the brain stem and cerebellum.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>We performed a prospective study using computed tomographic angiography (CTA) to determine the frequency of VAI associated with cervical spine injuries and investigate the clinical and radiological characteristics. Between January 2005 and August 2007, 99 consecutive patients with cervical spine fractures and/or dislocations were prospectively evaluated for patency of the VA, using the CTA, at the time of injury.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Complete disruption of blood flow through the VA was demonstrated in seven patients with unilateral occlusion (7.1%). There were four men and three women with a mean age of 43 (range, 33-55 years). Unilateral occlusion of the right vertebral artery occurred in four patients and of the left in three. Regarding the cervical injury type, two cases were cervical burst fractures (C6 and C7), two had C4-5 fracture/dislocations, two had a unilateral transverse foraminal fracture, and one had dens type III fracture. All patients presented with good patency of the contralateral VA. None of the patients developed secondary neurological deterioration due to vertebrobasilar ischemia during the follow-up period with a mean duration of 23 months.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>VAI should be suspected in patients with cervical trauma that have cervical spine fractures and/or dislocations or transverse foramen fractures. CTA was useful as a rapid diagnostic method for ruling out VAI after cervical spine trauma.</P>
The prognosis of patients less than 40 years with bladder cancer.
Na, Seong Woong,Yu, Seong Hyeon,Kim, Kwang Ho,Hwang, Eu Chang,Jung, Seung Il,Kwon, Dong Deuk,Kang, Taek Won Medknow Publications 2014 Journal of cancer research and therapeutics Vol.10 No.3
<P>Natural history of young patients with bladder cancer has not yet been known. So this study aimed to understand characteristics and prognosis of patients less than 40 years with bladder cancer.</P>
Lumbar discal cyst causing bilateral radiculopathy
Hyung-Jun, Kwak,Dae-Yong, Kim,Tae-Ho, Kim,Ho-Sang, Park,Jae-Sung, Kim,Jae-Won, Jang,Jung-Kil, Lee Medknow Publications 2011 Surgical neurology international Vol.2 No.-
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Discal cyst is a rare lesion that can result in clinical symptoms typical of disc herniation manifesting as a unilateral single nerve root lesion. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of discal cyst resulting in bilateral radiculopathy.</P><P><B>Case Description:</B></P><P>A 48-year-old female presented with bilateral sciatica and neurogenic claudication for 3 months. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extradural cystic lesion compressing the ventral aspect of the thecal sac at the level of the L3-L4 intervertebral disc. The lesion showed low and high signal intensities on T1- and T2-weighted images, respectively. Total excision of the cyst was achieved after a left hemipartial laminectomy of L3, and an obvious communication with the disc space was found. Bilateral sciatica was immediately resolved after surgery, and was sustained at the two-year follow-up. The histological diagnosis was consistent with a discal cyst.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>Although a discal cyst is extremely rare, the possibility of a discal cyst should be considered in differential diagnosis of patients with radiculopathy, particularly when encountering any extradural mass lesion ventral to the thecal sac. Surgical resection is the most employed therapeutic method for symptomatic lumbar discal cysts.</P>
Simultaneous determination of five marker constituents in Ssanghwa tang by HPLC/DAD
Won, Jin Bae,Ma, Jin Yeul,Um, Young Ran,Ma, Choong Je Medknow Publications 2010 Pharmacognosy magazine Vol.6 No.22
<P>A HPLC-DAD method was established for the simultaneous evaluation of five bioactive compounds in Ssanghwa tang (SHT) including glycyrrhizin, paeoniflorin, cinnamic acid, decursin and 6-gingerol. These compounds were separated in less than 40 min using a Dionex C<SUB>18</SUB> column with a gradient elution system of water and methanol at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Calibration curve of standard components presented excellent linear regression (<I>R</I><SUP>2</SUP> > 0.9903) within the test range. Limit of detection and limit of quantification varied from 0.07 to 0.46 μg/ml and 0.13 to 1.11 μg/ml, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of data of the intraday and interday experiments were less than 3.67 and 5.73%, respectively. The accuracy of recovery test ranged from 95.98 to 105.88% with RSD values 0.10– 4.82%.</P>
Ramalingam, Mahesh,Yong-Ki, Park Medknow Publications 2010 Pharmacognosy magazine Vol.6 No.24
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Antioxidants from natural resources possess multifaceted and importance of the activities provides substantial scope in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the free radical scavenging activities of <B>Cnidium officinale</B> and <B>Ligusticum chuanxiong</B>, which are closely related species.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods:</B></P><P>The scavenging activities of plant materials were evaluated using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide radical (O<SUB>2</SUB>·<SUP>-</SUP>), hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>), hydroxyl (OH·), nitric oxide radical (NO·) and metal chelation. In addition, the cell viability and nitric oxide release were assayed using Neuro-2a (N2a) cells.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The methanolic extracts of <B>C. officinale</B> and <B>L. chuanxiong</B> showed scavenging activities of free radicals with an additional antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the efficacy on the cell viability and nitric oxide release in cell culture model has been established.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Results of the present study suggests that the extracts of <B>C. officinale</B> and <B>L. chuanxiong</B> have comparatively similar free radical scavenging activities <I>in vitro</I> and may have important health effects.</P>
The alteration of components in the fermented Hwangryunhaedok-tang and its neuroprotective activity
Yang, Hye Jin,Weon, Jin Bae,Lee, Bohyoung,Ma, Choong Je Medknow Publications Pvt Ltd 2011 Pharmacognosy magazine Vol.7 No.27
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Hwangryunhaedok-tang is a traditional herbal prescription that has sedative activity, hypotensive and anti-bacterial effects.</P><P><B>Objective:</B></P><P>In this study, we investigated the alteration of contents of components in Hwangryunhaedok-tang, antioxidant activity and neuroprotective activity by fermentation with <I>Lactobacillus acidophilus</I> KFRI 128.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods:</B></P><P>Contents of three marker compounds (geniposide, berberine and palmatine) and unknown compounds in the Hwangryunhaedok-tang (HR) and the fermented Hwangryunhaedok-tang (FHR) were measured and compared using the established high-performance liqued chromatograph coupled with a photodiode (HPLC-DAD) method. The antioxidant activity of HR and FHR were determined by DPPH free radical and hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>) scavenging assay. Also, the neuroprotective activities of HR and FHR against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in a mouse hippocampal cell line (HT22) were evaluated by MTT assay.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The contents of geniposide and palmatine were decreased but the content of berberine was increased in the FHR. And the contents of unknown compounds (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) in the HR were altered by fermentation. Electron donating activity (EDA, %) value of FHR was higher than HR for DPPH radical scavenging activity and H2O2 scavenging activity, respectively. In the MTT assay, FHR showed more potent neuroprotective activity than HR by 513.90%.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>The FHR using microorganism could convert compounds in HR and enhance the antioxidant and neuroprotective activity.</P>
Park, Hyun Jung,Lee, Won Young,Kim, Jin Hoi,Kim, Jae Hwan,Jung, Hun Jong,Kim, Nam Hyung,Kim, Bo Kyung,Song, Hyuk Medknow Publications 2009 ASIAN JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY Vol.11 No.3
<P>The purpose of this study is to establish a gene delivery system for interstitial tissue-specific protein expression in mice testes using modified recombinant baculovirus. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing recombinant baculovirus (GFP-baculovirus), in which the insect cell-specific polyhedron promoter was replaced by the cytomegalovirus (CMV)-IE promoter, was used to transfect testicular cells in vitro, and for intra-tunica albuguineal injection of the interstitial tissue of the testis. GFP expression was monitored in frozen testes sections by fluorescence microscopy. Expression of GFP in testicular tissues was also assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and protein expression was assessed by Western blot. Testicular cells in vitro were infected efficiently by modified recombinant GFP-baculovirus. Intra-tunica albuguineal injection of GFP-baculovirus into the mouse testis resulted in a high level of GFP expression in the interstitial tissues. RT-PCR analysis clearly showed GFP gene expression in the testis, particularly interstitial tissues. Intra-tunica albuguineal injection of a modified baculovirus that encoded recombinant rat insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-5 resulted in an increase in IGFBP-5 in testis and semen. In conclusion, we have developed an efficient delivery system for gene expression in vivo in testicular cells, particularly cells of the interstitial tissue using intra-tunica albuguineal injection of a modified recombinant baculovirus. This method will be particularly relevant for application that requires gene delivery and protein expression in the testicular cells of the outer seminiferous tubule of the testis.</P>