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Jung, Sungwoon,Kim, Jounghwa,Kim, Jeongsoo,Hong, Dahee,Park, Dongjoo Editorial Dept. of Journal of Environmental Scienc 2017 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES -BEIJING- Vol.54 No.-
<P>The objective of this study is to estimate the vehicle kilometer traveled (VKT) and on-road emissions using the traffic volume in urban. We estimated two VKT; one is based on registered vehicles and the other is based on traffic volumes. VKT for registered vehicles was 2.11 times greater than that of the applied traffic volumes because each VKT estimation method is different. Therefore, we had to define the inner VKT is moved VKT inner in urban to compare two values. Also, we focused on freight modes because these are discharged much air pollutant emissions. From analysis results, we found middle and large trucks registered in other regions traveled to target city in order to carry freight, target city has included many industrial and logistics areas. Freight is transferred through the harbors, large logistics centers, or via locations before being moved to the final destination. During this process, most freight is moved by middle and large trucks, and trailers rather than small trucks for freight import and export Therefore, these trucks from other areas are inflow more than registered vehicles. Most emissions from diesel trucks had been overestimated in comparison to VKT from applied traffic volumes in target city. From these findings, VKT is essential based on traffic volume and travel speed on road links in order to estimate accurately the emissions of diesel trucks in target city. Our findings support the estimation of the effect of on-road emissions on urban air quality in Korea. (C) 2016 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.</P>
Characterization of particulate matter from diesel passenger cars tested on chassis dynamometers
Jung, Sungwoon,Lim, Jaehyun,Kwon, Sangil,Jeon, Sangwoo,Kim, Jeongsoo,Lee, Jongtae,Kim, Sunmoon Editorial Dept. of Journal of Environmental Scienc 2017 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES -BEIJING- Vol.54 No.-
<P>Emission characterization of particle number as well as particle mass from three diesel passenger cars equipped with diesel particulate filter (DPF), diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) under the vehicle driving cycles and regulatory cycle. Total particle number emissions (PNEs) decreased gradually during speed-up of vehicle from 17.3 to 97.3 km/hr. As the average vehicle speed increases, the size-segregated peak of particle number concentration shifts to smaller size ranges of particles. The correlation analysis with various particulate components such as particle number concentration (PNC), ultrafine particle number concentration (UFPNC) and particulate matter (PM) mass was conducted to compare gaseous compounds (CO, CO2, HC and NOx). The UFPNC and PM were not only emitted highly in Seoul during severe traffic jam conditions, but also have good correlation with hydrocarbons and NOx influencing high potential on secondary aerosol generation. The effect of the dilution temperature on total PNC under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), was slightly higher than the dilution ratio. In addition, the nuclei mode (DP: <= 13 nm) was confirmed to be more sensitive to the dilution temperature rather than other particle size ranges. Comparison with particle composition between vehicle speed cycles and regulatory cycle showed that sulfate was slightly increased at regulatory cycle, while other components were relatively similar. During cold start test, semivolatile nucleation particles were increased due to effect of cold environment. Research on particle formation dependent on dilution conditions of diesel passenger cars under the NEDC is important to verify impact on vehicular traffic and secondary aerosol formation in Seoul. (C) 2016 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B. V.</P>
Chung, In-Young,Park, Yu-Mi,Lee, Hyun-Jeoung,Kim, Hyuk,Kim, Dong-Hoon,Kim, Il-Gyu,Kim, Sang-Min,Do, Young-Sun,Seok, Kwang-Seol,Kwon, Jung-Hwan Editorial Dept. of Journal of Environmental Scienc 2017 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES -BEIJING- Vol.62 No.-
<P>It is thought that there are many unregulated anthropogenic chemicals in the environment. For risk assessment of chemicals, it is essential to estimate the predicted environmental concentrations. As an effort of identifying residual organic contaminants in air and water in Korea, nontarget screening using two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-TOFMS) was conducted at 10 sites using polyurethane foam passive air sampler and at 6 sites using polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) passive water sampler in three different seasons in 2014. More than 600 chemical peaks were identified satisfying the identification criteria in air and water samples, respectively, providing a list for further investigation. Chemical substances with reported national emission rates in 2014 (n = 149) were also screened for potential existence in the environment using a level II fugacity model. Most of chemical substances classified as not detectable were not identified with detection frequency greater than 20% by nontarget screening, indicating that a simple equilibrium model has a strong potential to be used to exclude chemicals that are not likely to remain in the environment after emissions from targeted monitoring. (C) 2017 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.</P>