마리조개, Gomphina veneriformis, 의 養殖을 위한 生態學的 硏究 : 1.마리조개의 産卵期와 人工受精 및 發生에 關하여 1. Studies on the spawning season, arttificial fertilization and egg development

李定宰 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1976 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.- No.1

1975年 3月부터 12月末까지 Gomphina veneriformis의 養殖을 위한 生態學 的 硏究의 一部로서 同年 5月부터 7月에 걸쳐 濟州 大學 臨海硏究所에서 實施했고 그 結과는 다음과 같다. 1. 濟州汎岸産 Gomphina veneriformis의 産卵期는 6月末에 最盛期였고 8月 까지 계속되었다. 2. 卵의 成熟率은 6月 25日에 最高였고 成熟率은 44.4%였다. 3. 人工放卵. 放精에 使用한 NH₄OH 및 NH₄CL海水溶液은 ??에서 效果的이었고 高濃度에서는 非正常的이었다. 4. ?? 海水溶液에 처리한 후 受精시켜 受精後 35分 2細胞期 1時間 50分에 4細胞期, 4時間20分에 襄胚期, 5時間40分에 擔輪子期, 47時間後에 初期 殼項幼生을 관찰할 수 있었다. 끝으로 本 硏究는 財團法人 産學協同 財團의 硏究費로 實施한 一部이며, 協助해준 財團側에 感謝하는 바입니다. The present study was conducted along the inter-tidal flats of Jeju Island over the period of May to July 1975. It was done as the one subject on the ecological study for the culture of the Clam, Gomphina veneriformis. Results obtained are as follows: 1. The spawning period of Gomphina veneriformis was inferred to be from late June to August with peak from late June to early July. 2. The egg maturation was highest around 25,June. 3. During the spawning season, Gomphina veneriformis successfully spawned when treated with suitable concentration of NH₄CL-sea water and NH₄OH-sea water solution. The optimum concentration were obtained ?? NH₄OH-sea water and NH₄CL-sea water solution. 4. The fertilization was demonstrated by individuals treated with ?? -NH₄Cl- sea water solution, and the fertilized eggs followed normal development, i.e.,2-Cell stage in 35 minutes after fertilization, 4-Cell stage after 1,8 hrs., gastrula stage after 4.3 hrs., trochophore stage after 5.6 hrs., early straight hinge stage after 23,8 hrs., and early umbo stage after 47 hrs.

소라, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER의 生殖巢 및 軟體部의 칼로리含量 變化

李廷烈,李定宰 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1979 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

The calorific content change in the gonad and meat of topshell, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER was observed from April to October 1978, with references to determination on the changes of calorific value in the meat and the gonad of topshell. The changes of the condition factor and the gonad maturity were closely related to water temperature, the former was highest in August and the latter was in July, but their value were markedly declined during the spent periods of topshell. The calorific value in the meat and gonad of topshell were highest in July, befor spawning and lowest in August , spent period of topshell. The calorie used for gonad development of female and male were 19.8∼29.2% and 12.8∼17.4% of the growth energy, and calorie used for spawning were 41.0% and 60.4% of the growth energy, respectively.

소라, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER 의 酸素 消費에 關하여

李廷烈,李定宰 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1978 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

소라의 呼吸에 미치는 溫度 및 明·暗의 影響을 究明하고 週期性과의 關係를 調査한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 소라의 酸素消費는 晝夜에 따라 週期性을 나타내었는데 日沒 2時間 後에 酸素消費量이 가장 높았다. 2. 溫度에 따른 酸素消費量은 10∼25℃의 範圍에서 增加하였고 30℃ 에서 減少하였다. 3. 明·暗에 따른 酸素消費量의 크기는 常溫(20∼25℃)에서 自然條件 馴化群, 暗馴化群, 明馴化群의 順이었다. 4. 明 및 暗馴化群의 酸素消費量은 10℃의 경우보다 30℃에서 현저한 減少를 나타냈다. 5. 溫度 및 明暗의 영향은 두 群 사이에 서로 비슷한 傾向을 보였다. The effects of temperature, light and dark for the respiratory rate and the periodic oxygen consumption of the topshell, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER was measured. The oxygen consumption patterns showed circadian rhythms which increased form sunset to midnight and decreased form midnight to midday. The highest value of respiratory rate was appeared in about 2 hours after the sunset. In the temperature range of 10∼20℃, the oxygen consumption increased with the increase of temperature, but markedly decreased at 30℃. The oxygen consumption in the animals acclimated to natural condition under 20∼25℃ water temperature was superior to the light and dark condition, respectively. The oxygen consumption in the animals acclimated to light and dark condition were significantly decreased at 30℃ than 10℃ water temperature. The effects of temperature and light condition for respiratory rate was appeared similarly between A and B groups.

소라, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER의 Energy 收支에 關하여

李廷烈,金乙培 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1978 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

소라에 대한 攝餌量과 排泄量 및 呼吸量을 測定하여 60日間에 대한 energy 收支를 調査한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 먹이로부터 變換된 energy의 量은 A群(殼長4∼6㎝)에서 9.003K-㎈, B群 (殼長6∼8㎝)에서 13.430K-㎈이였다. 2. 排泄에 消費된 energy 量은 17.3∼29.3%였으며 體內에 同化된 energy 量은 70.7∼82.7%였다. 3. 成長에 利用된 energy 量은 A群에서 3.213K -㎈, B群에서 2.568K-㎈였으며 47.0∼51.6%가 呼吸에 利用되었다. 4. 純 體重 增加에 利用된 energy는 A群에서 同化된 energy의 33.8%를, B群에서 20.1%를 나타냈다. The energy flow for the topshell, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER, was estimated from 11st July, 1977 to 8th September, 1977 with references to observations on the feeding rate, excretion, and respiration rate. The total energy of ingested by individual topshell was computed 9.003 K-㎈ per 60 days in A group (shell length 4∼6㎝) and 13.430 K-㎈ per 60 days in B group (shell length 6∼8㎝ ). The energy of excreta and the energy which was assimilated to body were 17.3∼29.3%, 70.7∼82.7% respectively of total ingested energy. The energy flux for the growth was about 3.212K-㎈ per 60 days in A group and about 2.568 K-㎈ per 60 days in B group. The amounts of energy loss in respiration was 47.0∼51.6% of total ingested energy and energy flux for net body growth was 33.8% of assimilation energy in A group and 20.1% in B group.

濟州産소라(Turbo cornutus Solander)의 生物測定學的 硏究

鄭相喆 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1976 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.- No.1

1973년 10월부터 1974년 9월사이 濟州市産소라 170미와 西歸浦産소라 245미를 연구대상으로 하였다. 측정부분은 殼長(SL) 殼口徑(AD) 螺搭長(SpL) 體重(W)이었으며, 양 지역간의 형질의 차에 有意性이 있는지의 여부를 Snedecor의 통계적 방법을 이용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 殼長과 殼口徑과의 回歸檢定에는 양지역간에 유의치 않았으며, 그 회귀직선은 다음과 같다. AD=0.6353 SL-0.1575 2. 殼長과 螺塔長과의 回歸檢定에는 양지역간에 유의치 않았으며 그 회귀직선은 다음과 같다. SpL=0.5912 SL-0.1692 3. 殼長과 분?重과의 回歸檢定에서 양지역간의 경사검정에는 유의치 않았고 위치검정에 유의하였다. 회귀관계식은 다음과 같다. 濟州市産 : W=0.4442 ?? 西歸浦産 : W=0.4377 ?? Turbo cornutus were sampled 170 specimens from Cheju City and 245 from Sougwipo during the period from October 1973 to September 1974. The morphometric measurements, namely shell length, diameter of aperture, spire length and body weight, were carried out to see whether the significant differences in the characters can be recognized between the sampling regions. The following results were obtained by means of Snedecor's statistical method. The regression analysis of diameter of aperture(AD) on shell length (SL) between regions was not significant, and the line was calculated. AD=0.6353 SL- 0.1575 The regression test of spire length (Sp L) on shell length (SL) between regions was calculated to be not significant, to give the following equation: Sp L= 0.5912 SL- 0.1692 On the test of the regression line of body weight(W) on the shell(SL), the difference in regression slope were not significant, but the difference in adjusted means were significant. The calculated regression line were below. Cheju City samples: W =0.4442 SL-2.5847 Sougwipo samples: W = 0.4377 SL-2.5457

소라의 種苗生産을 爲한 生物學的 硏究 : 濟州道産 소라, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER 의 産卵期와 産卵誘發 Spawning Season and Induction of Spawning of the Topshell, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER in Jeju Island

李定宰,李廷烈 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1979 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

For the seed production of the topshell, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER an industrially important gastropod in Jeju Island, spawning season and induction of artificial spawning has been studied from April to December, 1978. The topshell were collected in the coat of Jeju Island, Jeju city, Seongsanpo, Moseulpo and Seogwipo areas. As the methods for induction of artificial spawning, the gonad were treated with NH₄OH and NH₄Cl seawater solution, or treated indiviual with seawater temperrature and exposure to air. The spawning season of the topshell in the coast of Jeju were supposed from June to Octorber, in which water temperature ranged from 21∼26℃. The peak spawning occurred from August to early in September at Jeju city, August to mid-September at Seongsanpo, mid-July to August at Moseulpo and mid- July to early in September at Seogwipo. The condition factor of the topshell at Seongsanpo and Seogwipo were higher in August and September, lower in June. And those of Jeju city and Moseulpo were higher in September, lower in July. The change of gonad maturity index of the topshell were showed higher in July, lower in August and September. The rate of meat weight to the total weight of the topshell at Jeju city and Moseulpo, Seongsanpo and Seogwipo were showed higher in May and July respectively, but their value were declined in August and September in all.

濟州島沿岸의 風浪 計算

徐斗玉 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1979 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

The wind waves in the coast of Jeju Island were computed applying Hidaka's formula, by use of wind data which observed at Jeju and Seogwipo. Meteorological observatory from Januauy 1973 to December 1977 to calculate the stability of the artifical fish reef that will put off the coast of Jeju Island. The result obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Maximum wind direction and velocity of Jeju coast were NW 17 4% and 8.8m/sec. That of Seogwipo coast were NE 34.0% and 6.7m/sec. 2. The average wind waves in the cost of Jeju Island were as follows; Station Height⒨ Period(sec) Length(m) Velocity(m/sec) Maximun 1.68 7.62 44.05 6.3 Jeju Average 1.22 5.50 33.07 6.10 Maximun 1.45 6.57 38.83 6.57 Seogwipo Average 1.19 4.73 28.51 6.26

소라, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER의 棲息場 環境과 集團成長에 關하여

李定宰,李祺完,李廷烈 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1978 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

1977년 6月부터 12月까지 西歸浦 沿岸에 位置한 숲섬,甫木里,法還里의 3個 養成場을 對象으로 海洋基礎生態學的 要因 및 標識放流한 소라의 成長과 移動등을 調査하였다. 1. 各 養成場의 水溫 및 比重의 垂直的 變化는 보이지 않았고 숲섬 養成場이 多少 低溫을 나타냈다. 2. 숲섬 養成場의 海低地型은 B,C형태이고 甫木里 養成場은 A形態,甫木里 養成場은 C, D形態가 主로 構成되어 있다. 3. 各 養成場의 流速은 숲섬 養成場이 가장 빨라 4∼20 ㎝/sec였고, 法還里 養成場은 1∼10㎝/sec로 緩慢한 流速을 보였다. 4. 西歸浦 沿岸의 吸收係數는 0.218∼0.329(평균 0.283)이였고 숲섬, 法還里, 甫木里 順으로 작았다. 5. 調査된 海藻相 中 各 養成場別 優點種은 共히 모자반, 감태, 석회조, 클라도포라 등이였으며 특히 法還里 養成場은 모자반이 優勢하게 分布했다. 6. 標識放流한 소라의 成長度는 6月부터 10月까지 빠른 傾向을 보였고,養成場別 成長速度는 甫木里,숲섬,法還里의 順이었다. 7. 標識放流期間 동안 具殼 新生部에 形成된 棘數는 2∼3個가 가장 많았다. 8. 소라의 移動거리는 各 養成場 共히 5∼25m의 範圍가 가장 높은 頻度를 보였다. Studies on the growth of topshell which had tagging liberated and ecological survey were taken from the three culturing topshell forms of the Seogwipo coast form June to December, 1977. Three culturing topshell farms are Supseom, Bomkri and Beophwanri coat. The culturing topahell farms are shallow with the mean depth 5∼8m, and vertical changes of water temperature and specific gravity in each arears were not appeared. The water temperaure of Supseom area was lower than the other areas. The compositions of submarine geological type in Supseom, Bomokri and Beophwanri area were B (Hole type) and C (crevice type) type, A (Rock type) type, and C and D (Sand type) type respectively. The Current speeds of each culturing farm area were in the range of 1∼20㎝/sec, and the current of Beophwanri culturing farm area was slower than the other areas. The absorption coefficient of Seogwipo coastal water in the range of 0.218~0.329 and the mean was 0.283. Fifty species of marine algae were identified. Major algal group of each culturing farms were Sargassum sp.,Ecklonia cava, Chladophora sp., calcareous algae. Particularly, Beophwanri culturing farm was abundant in Saragassum sp. Of the three culturing topshell farms increment in growth of topshell were showed rapid growth from June to October and noted that increment in growth of Bomokri was the highest. During the tagging liberated period, the number of spines on newly formed parts of shell was in the range of 0∼5 spines. The creeping distance was 5∼25m in each culturing topshell in all.

소라, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER의 餌料價値에 關하여

金乙培,李廷烈 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1978 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

1977年 7月 11日부터 9月 8日까지 60日동안 殼長 4∼6㎝(A群) 및 6∼8㎝(B群)의 소라에 4種의 餌料 (감태, E. cava; 모자반, Sargassum sp. ; 파래, U. pertusa; 갈라가라, G. falcata)를 投餌하여 餌料 價値를 實驗한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 餌料의 日間 攝餌率은 混合 餌料(2.10∼2.49%)가 가장 높았고 單一餌料로는 파래(1.57∼1.66%)가 높았다. 2. 混合 餌料 中 嗜好度는 파래, 모자반, 감태, 갈라가라의 順이였다. 3. 月間 殼幅 增加率이 제일 높은 餌料는 감태(1.13∼5.09%)였고 月間 增重率이 제일 높은 餌料는 混合 餌料(3.54∼5.26%)였으며 餌料를 供給하지 않은 對照區는 1.44∼2.11%의 減重率을 나타냈다. 또한 殼幅 增加率 및 增重率이 낮은 餌料는 모자반이였다. 4. 餌料 轉換效率의 크기는 混合 餌料, 파래, 감태, 갈라가라, 모자반의 順 이였다. 5. 增肉係數가 가장 낮은 餌料는 混合 餌料(12.44∼21.67)였고 가장 높은 것은 모자반(38.71∼47.56)이였다. 6. 殼長이 작은 A群이 殼長이 큰 B群보다 餌料效率이 높았다. A food value for the topshell, Turbo cornutus SOLANDER, fed four marine algage, Ecklonia cava, Sargassum sp., Ulva pertusa, Galaxaura falcata, was estimated at the Marine Biological Station, Jeju University, from July 11st, 1977 to September 8th, 1977. The experiment was carried out with two group of shell length 4∼6㎝ (A group ) and 6∼8㎝ (Bgroup). The highest valus of daily feeding rate was obtained in mixed feed (2.10∼2.49%) and those of alone feed was U. pertusa (1.57∼1.66% ). When a mixed feed was given, U. pertusa was superior in selectivity of feed (41.21∼50.46% ) and G. falcata was inferior (14.00∼14.07%). The highest value in monthly increase rate of shell width was obtained in E. cava (1.13∼5.09%), in monthly increase rate of total weight was mixed feed (3.54∼5.26%), and none feeding was represented 1.44∼2.11% of decrease rate in total weight. The efficiency of food conversion of mixed feed was superior (4.62∼8.04%) to the other feeds, and Sargassum sp. was inferior (2.10∼2.58%). The most lowest value of food coefficient was obtained in mixed feed (12.44∼21.67) and the highest value of that in Sargassum sp. (38 71∼47.56). The food effects of A group, shell length of 4~6㎝, was better than B group, shell length of 6∼8㎝.

Survey of the algal flora of Jeju Island

LEE,KI WAN 濟州大學 臨海硏究所 1976 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.- No.1

The author intends to reports on the algal flora and communities on Jeju Island, which was carried out the periods of April, 1971 to December, 1975. The total investigated algae are 212 species of marine algae. Of these, 3 species are beling to Cyanophyta, 36 species to Chlorophyta, 50 species to Phaeophyta, and the rest 123 to the Rhodophyta. From the standpoint of the phytosciological distribution, Jeju Island belong to same category of Tsushima Island with the central part of Japan, Microdictyon japonicum, Meristocheca papulosa, Actinotrichia fragilis etc. Presented in Jeju Island for temperate elements. Algal coverage was observed by the author in 1974.