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        An investigation of the effect of alkaline oxides on porcelain tiles using factorial design

        Zahide Bayer Ozturk 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2012 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.13 No.5

        In this study, the effect of alkaline oxides (MgO, CaO, Na2O and K2O) was investigated in porcelain tile compositions. Talc (MgO) and dolomitic clay (CaO, MgO) were added to porcelain tile compositions instead of feldspar (Na2O, K2O). In the experiments 21 × 32 mixed-level factorial design was used, the individual effects of three main factors and their interactions were determined. The effect of the amount of talc (0, 2, 4 wt. %), dolomitic clay (0, 2, 4 wt. %) and firing conditions (1, 2) on porcelain tile properties were examined. Firing shrinkage, water absorption and the strength of samples were studied by means of factorial design. The porosity and bulk density of samples, color measurement and SEM analyses of these samples were also investigated. It was found that the strength increased and water absorption decreased by means of alkaline oxides variation in the porcelain tile body. According to factorial design, it has been found that the amount of dolomitic clay and talc are the main factors affecting the strength, firing shrinkage and water absorption values. It appeared that the magnitude of these properties were dependent on the amount of alkaline-earth oxides (CaO, MgO).

      • KCI등재

        Investigation of porosity of ceramic tiles by means of image analysis method

        Zahide Bayer Ozturk 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2014 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.15 No.6

        Amount, size and distribution of porosity are among the important factors which affect physical and mechanical properties of ceramic tiles. In this study, the effect of flux variation in porcelain tile recipes and different firing conditions were investigated. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld analyses were used to determine how fluxes affect the phases of samples. In the consequence of these analyses it was found that changing the variation of fluxes and different firing conditions increased liquid phase amount and densification hence the amount and size distribution of porosity decreased. Image analysis method was used to determine the amount and morphology of porosity of porcelain tiles and the results were compared with Archimedes method, Helium pycnometer. Parallel between the amount of porosity determined through image analysis and the amount determined through Archimedes test and helium pycnometer and the possibility of determining the size distribution and morphology of porosity showed that this new method is advantageous.

      • KCI등재

        Microstructural characterization of mullite and anorthitebased Porcelain tile using regional clay

        Zahide Bayer Ozturk 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.6

        The study focused on using of regional clay (Nevsehir/Turkey) instead of different clay and kaolin to prepare porcelain tilesalong with dolomite and albite. Considering the variation of regional clay with other clay and kaolin the physical properties,phase-microstructure analysis and the determination of sintering temperatures by means of optical dilatometer of sampleswere studied. Uni-axially pressed samples were exposed to firing regime at 1205 oC for 42 min and tested to comply with ISO10545 tile standards. The crystal phases were detected as quartz, anorthite and mullite. The mechanical strength was foundto increase as the mullite content. When the Nevsehir’s clay content in the starting composition added, glassy matrix becamericher in kaolinite glass and earth-alkaline oxide favorably affected the sintering temperatures. Almost all technologicalproperties and sintering behavior of new compositions demonstrated the suitability of Nevsehir clay as a potential raw materialfor ceramic tile industry. This regional clay is affect to microstructure and crystalline phases of tile bodies.

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