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Wang Wanwan,Jin Nuo,Mo Xiaochang,Wu Jun,Lu Jing,Lou Yonggen 한국식물학회 2021 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.64 No.5
Applying chemical elicitors is considered a promising approach for controlling pests in the field. Our previous studies have shown that gibberellin (GA) signaling positively regulates the resistance of rice (Oryza sativa) to the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Yet, whether the exogenous application of GAs can enhance the resistance of rice to BPH remains unknown. Here, we investigated the influence of exogenous GA3 on both defense responses in rice and BPH performance. We found that pretreating rice with GA3 decreased transcript levels of a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and three WRKY transcription factors, as well as levels of BPH-elicited jasmonic acid (JA) and three phenolic acids but increased the release of ethylene. Moreover, GA3 treatment negatively affected the survival and development of BPH nymphs as well as the fecundity of BPH female adults. These findings suggest that GA3 promotes the resistance of rice to BPH and may, thus, be used to improve pest management in rice.
Interface Properties of Epoxy and Polyurethane Mutually Sized Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites
Shengxia Li,Changling Yang,Lili Yao,Bo Wu,Yonggen Lu 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.3
Anodized carbon fiber (OCF) is sized with epoxy sizing agent (EPS) and polyurethane sizing agent (PUS) toreinforce epoxy resin (EP) and polyurethane resin (PU) mutually. The dependence of interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) andfailure strain on the sizing agent and amount is investigated. The ILSS of the as-received OCF reinforced EP composite is59.5 MPa, while that of EPS sized OCF reinforced EP composite can be optimally increased to 66.7 MPa, and that of PUSsized OCF reinforced EP composite can be increased maximumly to 72.8 MPa. The ILSS of the as-received OCF reinforcedPU composite is 39.5 MPa, while that of PUS sized OCF reinforced PU composite can be optimally increased to 50.5 MPa,and that of EPS sized OCF reinforced PU composite can be increased maximumly to 63.9 MPa. The results show the EPS ismore suitable to size OCF for reinforcing PU while the PUS is more suitable to size OCF for reinforcing EP. Hence it isconcluded that the law of similarity and intermiscibility does not always work, rather the chemical reactions are moreimportant for strong interface formation. The sizing amount has a great influence on both the ILSS and failure strain.
Meng Yuan,Yu Cao,Haoyang Zheng,Kunlin Chen,Yuping Lu,Jing Wang,Liqin Zhu,Ming Chen,Zhipeng Cai,Yonggen Shen 한국식품과학회 2024 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.33 No.7
This study used glucose, fructose, maltose and dextran to explore the effects of different carbohydrates on the Maillard reaction of casein phosphopeptides (CPP). The color parameter results showed that heating time from 1 to 5 h led to brown color, which was consistent with the observed increased in browning intensity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results verified that four carbohydrates reacted with CPP to produce Maillard conjugates. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the Maillard reaction changed the tertiary structure of CPP by decreasing the intrinsic fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity compared with the CPP-carbohydrate mixture. At the same time, the Maillard reaction effectively improved the emulsifying properties, reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity of CPP. Furthermore, this study also found that glucose and fructose improved CPP more than maltose and dextran. Therefore, monosaccharides have good potential in modifying CPP via the Maillard reaction.