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        Genetic Diversity of Ethiopian Tef [(Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] Released and Selected Farmers’ Varieties along with Two Wild Relatives as Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

        Tsion Fikre,Kassahun Tesfaye,Kebebew Assefa 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.4

        Knowledge on the extent and pattern of diversity in crop species is a precondition for any crop improvement as it helps breeders in determining apt breeding approaches. The genetic diversity of 49 tef genotypes (36 improved varieties, 10 farmers’ varieties, 3 elite lines) and 2 wild relatives was investigated using nine SSR markers. A total of 52 alleles were amplified with a mean of six alleles per locus, and mean polymorphic information content and gene diversity values of 0.69 and 0.73, respectively. The analysis of molecular variance showed higher percentage of variation within individuals (60%) and the variation among groups was the least (10%).The lowest pair-wise genetic differentiation and highest gene flow were observed among the varieties obtained through hybridization and direct selection. Genetic distance analysis showed the smallest (GD=0.101) between varieties from direct selection and hybridization and the largest (GD= 0.454) between wild Eragrostis accessions and cultivated tef accessions. The dendrogram based on the cluster analysis grouped the tested genotypes into three major clusters. PCoA showed that the first three most informative principal coordinates accounted 29% of the genetic variation. In summary, the farmer’s varieties are distant from the improved varieties and represent more genetic diversity. This finding is of interest to national breeding program to use the farmer’s material as a source of genetic variation for traits of interest. Similarly, wild relatives showed highest genetic distance however, further investigation is required in order to identify useful genes controlling agro-morphological characters.

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