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      • Antiproliferative Effect of Metformin on the Endometrium - a Clinical Trial

        Tabrizi, Ali Dastranj,Melli, Manijeh Sayyah,Foroughi, Meraj,Ghojazadeh, Morteza,Bidadi, Sanam Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23

        Background: Unopposed estrogen has a central role in development of endometrial benign, premalignant and malignant lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-estrogenic effect of metformin on endometrial histology in comparison with progesterone. Materials and Methods: A total of 43 patients who were referred to our center for abnormal uterine bleeding and had a histologic diagnosis were disordered proliferative endometrium or simple endometrial hyperplasia were included and randomly distributed in two groups treated with metformin (500mg Bid) or megestrol (40mg daily), respectively, for three months. After this period the patients were evaluated by another endometrial biopsy to assess the impact of the two drugs in restoring normal endometrial histology. Results: Our findings revealed that metformin could induce endometrial atrophy in 21 out of 22 patients (95.5%) while this positive response was achieved in only 13 out of 21 patients (61.9%) in the megstrol group. In addition two low grade endometrial carcinomas in the metformin group responded very well. Conclusions: We conclude that metformin could be used as an effective antiestrogenic agent in control of abnormal endometrial proliferative disorders.

      • Diagnostic Value of Protein Ki67 (MIB-1) in Atypical Pap Smears of Postmenopausal Women

        Fakhrjou, Ashraf,Dastranj-Tabrizi, Ali,Ghojazadeh, Morteza,Ghorashi, Sona,Velayati, Atefeh,Piri, Reza,Vahedi, Amir,Sayyah-Melli, Manizhe,Smaeili, Heydar-Ali,Bonakdari, Amir,Halimi, Monireh,Naghavi-Beh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

        Background: Atrophic epithelium of cervix sampled from postmenopausal women may mimic high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Papanicolaou-stained (Pap) smears. Ki-67 (MIB-1) protein presents on proliferating cells, and percentage of cells with positive nuclei provides a reliable tool for rapid evaluation of the growth fraction. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of protein Ki67 staining in atypical pap smears of postmenopausal women. Methods: In a case-control setting, pap smears of 75 women with an atypical pap smear (case group) and 75 with normal pap smears (controls) were obtained before and after estrogen treatment. Afterward, samples were exposed to the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 (MIB-1) and the immunohistochemically demonstrated Ki-67+ cells were compared. Results: Mean ages of cases and controls were $60.4{\pm}4.5$ and $59.9{\pm}4.3$ years respectively (P=0.50). There was one (2.7%) positive Ki-67 specimen in the case group, without any positive Ki-67 specimen in the control group (P=0.50). Conclusions: Measurement of proliferative activity index in Pap smears restrained with MIB1 is a simple, reliable, and cost-effective method for excluding negatives. This would imply that it might allow a substantial reduction of diagnostic estrogen courses and subsequent Pap smears in postmenopausal women with atypical findings.

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