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Salunke, Nilesh P.,Channiwala, S.A. Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2010 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.3 No.1
This paper deals with the Design and Analysis of a Controlled Diffusion Aerofoil (CDA) Blade Section for an Axial Compressor Stator and Effect of incidence angle and Mach No. on Performance of CDA. CD blade section has been designed at Axial Flow Compressor Research Lab, Propulsion Division of National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bangalore, as per geometric procedure specified in the U.S. patent (4). The CFD analysis has been performed by a 2-D Euler code (Denton's code), which gives surface Mach No. distribution on the profiles. Boundary layer computations were performed by a 2-D boundary layer code (NALSOF0801) available in the SOFFTS library of NAL. The effect of variation of Mach no. was performed using fluent. The surface Mach no. distribution on the CD profile clearly indicates lower peak Mach no. than MCA profile. Further, boundary layer parameters on CD aerofoil at respective incidences have lower values than corresponding MCA blade profile. Total pressure loss on CD aerofoil for the same incidence range is lower than MCA blade profile.
Salunke, Bipinchandra K,Sawant, Shailesh S,Kim, Beom Soo Humana Press 2014 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.174 No.2
<P>Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesised using Kalopanax septemlobus plant leaf extracts. UV-visible spectrophotometric, Fourier-transform infrared, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed synthesis of AgNPs. TEM micrographs revealed presence of well-dispersed AgNPs predominantly of small size and different shapes with an average particle size of 30.8 nm. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests of AgNP treatments revealed variability in sensitivity of bacteria Bacillus cereus and Saccharophagus degradans under study. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the AgNPs for B. cereus and S. degradans were found to be 30 and 10 μg/mL, respectively. The mixed culture of B. cereus and S. degradans treated with AgNPs at 10 μg/mL showed increase in growth with time, suggesting survival of bacteria in liquid media. The plating of mixed culture before AgNP treatment showed presence of both bacteria, but 24-h-old mixed culture treated with AgNPs at the concentration of 10 μg/mL showed presence of B. cereus colonies. SEM micrographs revealed damage to S. degradans cells but no effect on B. cereus cells after AgNP treatment. Confocal microscopic observations of AgNP-treated mixed cultures by Nile blue A staining indicated intact polyhydroxyalkanoates producing flourescent cells of B. cereus but damage and deformities in S. degradans cells. This study suggests that AgNPs can selectively inhibit growth of S. degradans and retain B. cereus at MIC of S. degradans. This report is a case study for selective inhibition of one bacteria and growth of the other in a culture using plant-synthesized silver nanoparticles.</P>
Salunke, Bipinchandra K.,Sawant, Shailesh S.,Lee, Sang-Ill,Kim, Beom Soo Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd in association 2016 World journal of microbiology biotechnology Vol.32 No.5
<P>Nanoparticles, the elementary structures of nanotechnology, are important materials for fundamental studies and variety of applications. The different sizes and shapes of these materials exhibit unique physical and chemical properties than their bulk materials. There is a great interest in obtaining well-dispersed, ultrafine, and uniform nanoparticles to delineate and utilize their distinct properties. Nanoparticle synthesis can be achieved through a wide range of materials utilizing a number of methods including physical, chemical, and biological processes with various precursors from liquids and solids. There is a growing need to prepare environmentally friendly nanoparticles that do not produce toxic wastes in their process synthesis protocol. This kind of synthesis can be achieved by green environment benign processes, which happen to be mostly of a biological nature. Microorganisms are one of the most attractive and simple sources for the synthesis of different types of nanoparticles. This review is an attempt to provide the up-to-date information on current status of nanoparticle synthesis by different types of microorganisms such as fungi, yeast, bacteria, cyanobacteria, actinomycete, and algae. The probable biosynthesis mechanism and conditions for size/shape control are described. Various applications of microbially synthesized nanoparticles are summarized. They include antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, larvicidal, medical imaging, biosensor, and catalytic applications. Finally, limitations and future prospects for specific research are discussed.</P>
Salunke, Bipinchandra K.,Sawant, Shailesh S.,Kang, Tae Koo,Seo, Deok Yun,Cha, Youngjong,Moon, Sun A.,Alkotaini, Bassam,Sathiyamoorthi, Ezhaveni,Kim, Beom Soo Hindawi Limited 2015 Journal of nanomaterials Vol.2015 No.-
<P>Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a result of their excellent optical and electronic properties are promising catalytic materials for various applications. In this study, we demonstrate a novel approach for enhanced degradation of cellulose using biosynthesized AgNPs in an enzyme catalyzed reaction of cellulose hydrolysis by cellulase. AgNPs were synthesized through reduction of silver nitrate by extracts of five medicinal plants (<I>Mentha arvensis</I>var.<I>piperascens, Buddleja officinalis</I>Maximowicz,<I>Epimedium koreanum</I>Nakai,<I>Artemisia messer-schmidtiana</I>Besser, and<I>Magnolia kobus</I>). An increase of around twofold in reducing sugar formation confirmed the catalytic activity of AgNPs as nanocatalyst. The present study suggests that immobilization of the enzyme onto the surface of the AgNPs can be useful strategy for enhanced degradation of cellulose, which can be utilized for diverse industrial applications.</P>
Salunke, Bipinchandra K.,Sawant, Shailesh S.,Lee, Sang-Ill,Kim, Beom Soo Springer-Verlag 2015 Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol.99 No.13
<P>Microorganisms are one of the most attractive and simple sources for the synthesis of different types of metal nanoparticles. The synthesis of manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs) by microorganisms from reducing potassium permanganate was investigated for the first time in the present study. The microbial supernatants of the bacterium Saccharophagus degradans ATCC 43961 (Sde 2-40) and of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed positive reactions to the synthesis of MnO2 NPs by displaying a change of color in the permanganate solution from purple to yellow. KMnO4-specific peaks also disappeared and MnO2-specific peaks emerged at an absorption maximum of 365?nm in UV-visible spectrophotometry. The washed Sde 2-40 cells did not show any ability to synthesize MnO2 NPs. The medium and medium constituents of Sde 2-40 showed similar positive reactions as supernatants, which indicate the role of the Sde 2-40 medium constituents in the synthesis of MnO2 NPs. This suggests that microorganisms without nanoparticle synthesis ability can be misreported for their abilities to synthesize nanoparticles. S. cerevisiae washed cells showed an ability to synthesize MnO2 NPs. The strategies of keeping yeast cells in tea bags and dialysis membranes showed positive tests for the synthesis of MnO2 NPs. A Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy study suggested roles for the proteins, alcoholic compounds, and cell walls of S. cerevisiae cells in the synthesis of MnO2 NPs. Electron-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of Mn and O in the sample. X-ray?photoelectron?spectroscopy revealed characteristic binding energies for MnO2 NPs. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs revealed the presence of uniformly dispersed hexagonal- and spherical-shaped particles with an average size of 34.4?nm. The synthesis approach using yeast is possible by a simple reaction at low temperature without any need for catalysts, templates, or expensive and precise equipment. Therefore, this study will be useful for the easy, cost-effective, reliable, and eco-friendly production of nanomaterials.</P>
SALUNKE BIPINCHANDRA,김범수,Jia Shin,Shailesh S. Sawant,Bassam Alkotaini,이시춘 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.11
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have promising potential in biomedicine, energy science, optics, and healthcare applications. We synthesized AgNPs using plant, leaf extract. UV-visible spectrophotometricstudy showed the characteristic peak for AgNPs at wavelength 430 nm. The optical density at 430 nm increased afteraddition of plant leaf extract, indicating increase in formation of nanoparticles. Comparative time course analyses forAgNP synthesis carried out at different reaction temperatures (20, 60, and 90 oC) revealed higher reaction rate forthan plant leaf extract, which showed highest AgNP synthesis rate in the previous report. Electronmicroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of well dispersed AgNPs, predominantly with spherical shapes. In trans-mission electron microscopy, the particle size decreased with increase in temperature. Electron dispersive X-ray spec-troscopy analyses indicated that Ag content increased with increase in reaction temperature. Fourier transform-infraredspectroscopy studies revealed capping of bioorganics from plant to the synthesized AgNPs. The antimicrobial activityof the synthesized AgNPs against increased with increase in reaction temperature. The observationsin this study will prove beneficial in approaching rapid synthesis of AgNPs and their antimicrobial application.
Enhancement of Antibacterial Effect by Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Antibiotics
Salunke, Bipinchandra K.,Sawant, Shailesh S.,Kim, Beom Soo American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.7
<P>The bark extract of medicinal plant Hovenia dulcis was used for rapid, low cost, and ecofriendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The biosynthesized AgNPs demonstrated absorption peak at 433 nm in UV-visible spectroscopy and binding energies at 368.2 and 374 eV in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs of AgNPs exhibited spherical shapes with average size of 33 nm and selected area electron diffraction pattern suggested their crystalline nature. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed role of plant metabolites as reducing and capping agent in synthesis of AgNPs. Enhancement of antibacterial potential of biosynthesized AgNPs after combination with ten different antibiotics with diverse documented mode of action is reported in the present study. The antibacterial effect of AgNP combination with antibiotics was observed to be synergistic. The highest synergistic effects were 3.04 folds for Penicillin against Bacillus cereus and 1.55 folds for Tetracycline against Escherichia coli. This unique property of AgNPs can be therapeutically valuable for fabrication of innovative hybrid drugs for enhancing effectiveness of antibiotics to kill bacteria.</P>