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MOA-2007-BLG-197: Exploring the brown dwarf desert
Ranc, C.,Cassan, A.,Albrow, M. D.,Kubas, D.,Bond, I. A.,Batista, V.,Beaulieu, J.-P.,Bennett, D. P.,Dominik, M.,Dong, Subo,Fouqué,, P.,Gould, A.,Greenhill, J.,Jørgensen, U. G.,Kains, N.,Menzies, EDP Sciences 2015 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.580 No.-
Pavon Rance Derrick N.,Rivera Windell L. 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.51 No.4
Salmonella are Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria commonly found in food animals such as poultry and swine and potentially constitute risks and threats to food safety and public health through transmissible virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. Although there are previous studies in the Philippines regarding genotypic and phenotypic AMR in Salmonella, there are very few on virulence and their associations. Hence, this study collected 700 Salmonella isolates from swine samples in abattoirs and wet markets among four districts in Metro Manila and characterized their genotypic virulence and β-lactam AMR profiles. Gene frequency patterns and statistical associations between virulence and bla genes and comparisons based on location types (abattoirs and wet markets) and districts were also determined. High prevalence (>50%) of virulence genes was detected encompassing Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) 1-5 suggesting their pathogenic potential, but none possessed plasmid-borne virulence genes spvR and spvC. For bla, blaTEM was detected with high prevalence (>45%) and revealed significant associations to four SPI genes, namely, avrA, hilA, mgtC, and spi4R, which suggest high resistance potential particularly to β-lactam antibiotics and relationships with pathogenicity that remain mechanistically unestablished until now. Lastly, comparisons of location types and districts showed variations in gene prevalence suggesting effects from environmental factors throughout the swine production chain. This study provides vital data on the genotypic virulence and AMR of Salmonella from swine in abattoirs and wet markets that suggest their pathogenicity and resistance potential for policymakers to implement enforced surveillance and regulations for the improvement of the Philippine swine industry.
Current Issues With Pediatric Cochlear Implantation
Tan Donald,Fujiwara Rance J.T.,Lee Kenneth H. 대한청각학회 2024 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.28 No.2
Cochlear implants (CIs) have demonstrated a clear functional benefit in children with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and thus have gained wide acceptance for treating deafness in the pediatric population. When evaluating young children for cochlear implantation, there are unique considerations beyond the standard issues addressed during surgery in adults. Because of advances in genetic testing, imaging resolution, CI technology, post-implant rehabilitation, and other factors, issues related to CI surgery in children continue to evolve. Such factors have led to changes in candidacy guidelines, vaccine requirements, and lowering of age requirement for surgery. In addition, differences in the anatomy and physiology of infants require special attention to ensure safety when operating on young children. This review summarizes these issues and provides guidance for surgeons treating children with SNHL.
Ground-based Parallax Confirmed by<i>Spitzer</i>: Binary Microlensing Event MOA-2015-BLG-020
Wang, Tianshu,Zhu, Wei,Mao, Shude,Bond, I. A.,Gould, A.,Udalski, A.,Sumi, T.,Bozza, V.,Ranc, C.,Cassan, A.,Yee, J. C.,Han, C.,Abe, F.,Asakura, Y.,Barry, R.,Bennett, D. P.,Bhattacharya, A.,Donachie, M. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.845 No.2
<P>We present the analysis of the binary gravitational microlensing event MOA-2015-BLG-020. The event has a fairly long timescale (similar to 63 days) and thus the light curve deviates significantly from the lensing model that is based on the rectilinear lens-source relative motion. This enables us to measure the microlensing parallax through the annual parallax effect. The microlensing parallax parameters constrained by the ground-based data are confirmed by the Spitzer observations through the satellite parallax method. By additionally measuring the angular Einstein radius from the analysis of the resolved caustic crossing, the physical parameters of the lens are determined. It is found that the binary lens is composed of two dwarf stars with masses M-1= 0.606 +/- 0.028M(circle dot) and M-2= 0.125 +/- 0.006 M-circle dot in the Galactic disk. Assuming that the source star is at the same distance as the bulge red clump stars, we find the lens is at a distance D-L = 2.44 +/- 0.10 kpc. We also provide a summary and short discussion of all of the published microlensing events in which the annual parallax effect is confirmed by other independent observations.</P>
Preclinical pharmacology of a lipophenol in a mouse model of light-induced retinopathy
Taveau Nicolas,Cubizolle Aurélie,Guillou Laurent,Pinquier Nicolas,Moine Espérance,Cia David,Kalatzis Vasiliki,Vercauteren Joseph,Durand Thierry,Crauste Céline,Brabet Philippe 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
Environmental light has deleterious effects on the outer retina in human retinopathies, such as ABCA4-related Stargardt’s disease and dry age-related macular degeneration. These effects involve carbonyl and oxidative stress, which contribute to retinal cell death and vision loss. Here, we used an albino Abca4−/− mouse model, the outer retina of which shows susceptibility to acute photodamage, to test the protective efficacy of a new polyunsaturated fatty acid lipophenol derivative. Anatomical and functional analyses demonstrated that a single intravenous injection of isopropyl-phloroglucinol-DHA, termed IP-DHA, dose-dependently decreased light-induced photoreceptor degeneration and preserved visual sensitivity. This protective effect persisted for 3 months. IP-DHA did not affect the kinetics of the visual cycle in vivo or the activity of the RPE65 isomerase in vitro. Moreover, IP-DHA administered by oral gavage showed significant protection of photoreceptors against acute light damage. In conclusion, short-term tests in Abca4-deficient mice, following single-dose administration and light exposure, identify IP-DHA as a therapeutic agent for the prevention of retinal degeneration.