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Raj Kumar Salar,Milan Certik,Vlasta Brezova 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.1
Thamnidium elegans CCF 1456, a filamentous fungus, was used to enhance the total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity of maize via solid-state fermentation. Thamnidium fermented maize (TFM) and unfermented maize (UFM) grains were extracted with 65%ethanol and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Total phenolic content (TPC), and radical scavenging capacity – determined with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and radical cations of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS•+) found for TFM – were significantly (P < 0.05) higher on the 5th day of incubation than that of UFM extracts. A linear correlation was observed among TPC, DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities, and also among TPC and various carbohydrate-cleaving enzymes (α-amylase, β-glucosidase and xylanase), suggesting that this? strategy may help to enrich? TFM with improved phytochemical properties and antioxidant activities. Thamnidium elegans CCF 1456, a filamentous fungus, was used to enhance the total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity of maize via solid-state fermentation. Thamnidium fermented maize (TFM) and unfermented maize (UFM) grains were extracted with 65%ethanol and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Total phenolic content (TPC), and radical scavenging capacity – determined with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and radical cations of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS•+) found for TFM – were significantly (P < 0.05) higher on the 5th day of incubation than that of UFM extracts. A linear correlation was observed among TPC, DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities, and also among TPC and various carbohydrate-cleaving enzymes (α-amylase, β-glucosidase and xylanase), suggesting that this? strategy may help to enrich? TFM with improved phytochemical properties and antioxidant activities.
Raj Kumar Salar,Pooja Sharma,Sukhvinder Singh Purewal 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2015 TANG Vol.5 No.2
Antioxidative and free radical scavenging properties of different stem extracts of Euphorbia trigona were evaluated and correlated with its total phenolic content. Aqueous, acetone and methanolic extracts of shade dried stem were obtained and were concentrated in vacuo. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of stem extracts was determined by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, reducing power assay, deoxyribose degradation assay and Fe2+chelating assay. Total phenolic contents (TPC) were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The results confirmed that the plant is a rich source of polyphenolic compounds which are invariably higher compared to other herbs. All extracts showed TPC in the range of 146.6 – 168.6 mg/g gallic acid equivalents at 300 µg/ml of extract. Among the three extracts ME showed highest scavenging activity as evidenced by maximum scavenging of DPPH (83.2%), OH• radicals (94.81%), Fe2+chelating activity (88.59%) and a high reducing power 0.623 at 300 µg/ml. Our results demonstrate that Euphorbia trigona, an unexplored xerophytic plant could be potential source of natural antioxidants and phytotherapeutic agents. The plant possess invariably high amount of polyphenolic compounds with a broad spectrum of antioxidant properties and could be further used for food, feed and pharmaceutical applications.
Vinod Chhokar,Vikas Beniwal,Anil Kumar,J. S. Rana,Seema,Raj Kumar Salar,K. S. Nehra 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.5
A tannase (E.C. 3.1.1.20) producing fungal strain was isolated from soil and identified as Aspergillus heteromorphus MTCC 8818. Maximum tannase production was achieved on Czapek Dox minimal medium containing 1% tannic acid at a pH of 4.5 and 30°C after 48 h incubation. The crude enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography. Diethylaminoethyl-cellulose column chromatography led to an overall purification of 39.74-fold with a yield of 19.29%. Optimum temperature and pH for tannase activity were 50°C and 5.5 respectively. Metal ions such as Ca2+,Fe2+, Cu1+, and Cu2+ increased tannase activity, whereas Hg2+, Na1+, K1+, Zn2+, Ag1+, Mg2+, and Cd2+ acted as enzyme inhibitors. Various organic solvents such as isopropanol,isoamyl alcohol, benzene, methanol, ethanol, toluene, and glycerol also inhibited enzyme activity. Among the surfactants and chelators studied, Tween 20, Tween 80, Triton X-100, EDTA, and 1, 10-o-phenanthrolein inhibited tannase activity, whereas sodium lauryl sulfate enhanced tannase activity at 1% (w/v).