Oil-based cyclo-oligosaccharide nanodevices for drug encapsulation

Noro, Jennifer,Loureiro, Ana,Gonç,alves, Filipa,Azoia, Nuno G.,Jung, Seunho,Silva, Carla,Cavaco-Paulo, Artur Elsevier 2017 Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Vol.159 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>New encapsulation nanodevices were synthesized by emulsification of cyclo-oligosaccharides fully substituted by hydrophobic palmitic chains. These highly hydrophobic compounds, acquire oily-like behaviour at moderate temperatures (∼50°C) and when submitted to ultrasound (US) can undergo emulsification. The improved emulsifying properties of modified cyclo-oligosaccharides are suitable to produce small and narrow sized nanoemulsions with ability to encapsulate amphiphilic molecules. Both encapsulation and delivery of a therapeutic drug, methotrexate (MTX), with amphiphilic character was assessed. The physicochemical properties of the cyclo-oligosaccharide nanoemulsions containing MTX were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The results revealed that the modified cyclo-oligosaccharides are potential platforms for the encapsulation of bio compounds for cosmetic and pharmaceutical purposes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> New cyclo-oligosaccharide-palmitoyl compounds with improved emulsifying properties. </LI> <LI> Cys-PAL-based nanoemulsions production via ultrasound-assisted methodology. </LI> <LI> Narrow sized, monodisperse and nontoxic nanoemulsions for drugs encapsulation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Fouling control in a woven fibre microfiltration membrane for water treatment

Martha Noro Chollom,Sudesh Rathilal,Kumnandi Pikwa,Lingham Pillay 대한환경공학회 2019 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.24 No.3

Current available commercial membranes are not robust and are therefore destroyed if left to dry out or handled roughly. Woven fibre microfiltration (WFMF) membranes have advantages over its competitors with respect to durability, thus, favourable for the developing economies and operation during rough conditions. Evaluation of the effects of aeration and brushing as a flux enhancement strategies for WFMF membrane was the purpose of this study. The WFMF membrane was found to be susceptible to pore plugging by colloidal material and adsorption/attachment by microbiological contaminants. This led to a 50% loss in flux. Aeration as a single flux enhancement strategy proved insufficient to maintain high flux successfully. Therefore combined flux enhancement strategies yielded the best results.

Comparison of response surface methods for the optimization of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket for the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater

Martha Noro Chollom,Sudesh Rathilal,Feroz Mohammed Swalaha,Babatunde Femi Bakare,Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.1

This study was aimed at using the Central Composite Design (CCD) and Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to compare the efficiency and to elucidate the main interacting parameters in the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, namely: Organic Loading Rate (OLR), Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT) and pH at a constant temperature of 35°C. Optimum HRT (15 h), OLR (3.5 kg.m<SUP>-3</SUP>.d<SUP>-1</SUP>) and pH (7) resulted in biogas production of 5,800 mL/d and COD removal of 80.8%. BBD produced a higher desirability efficiency of 94% as compared to the CCD which was 92%. The regression quadratic models developed with high R² values of 0.961 and 0.978 for both CCD and BBD, respectively, demonstrated that the interaction models could be used to pilot the design space. BBD model developed was more reliable with a higher prediction of biogas production (5,955.4 ± 225.3 mL/d) and COD removal (81.5 ± 1.014%), much close to the experimental results at a 95% confidence level. CCD model predictions was greater in terms of COD removal (82.6 ± 1.06% > 80.8%) and biogas production (4,636.31 mL/d ± 439.81 < 5,800 mL/d) which was less than the experimental results. Therefore, RSM can be adapted for optimizing various wastewater treatment processes.

日本華厳の論義における澄観の影響 - 天台教学との関係に注目して -

野呂靖(Noro, Sei) 동국대학교 불교문화연구원 2023 佛敎學報 Vol.- No.102

14세기, 동대사(東大寺) 계단원(戒壇院)의 장로 죠요(盛譽, 1273~1362)가 편찬한 『화엄수경(華嚴手鏡)』에는 서른 가지 화엄의 논제가 수록되어 있다. 이 책은 일본 근세에서 근대에 걸쳐 서사·간행이 반복된 것으로, 화엄학의 참고서로서 일본 불교에 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 본고에서 주목하는 것은 서른 가지 논제 중 다섯 가지(‘久遠同不’, ‘本懷華嚴’, ‘佛慧根本’, ‘別位通局’, ‘華嚴海空’)이다. 이들은 모두 징관(澄觀)의 교학에 관한 ‘논의’이며 게다가 모두 천태교학에 대한 비판적인 내용을 담고 있기 때문이다. 본래 일본에 처음으로 징관의 경소(經疏)를 가지고 온 것은 구카이(空海, 774~835)였으며, 천태종(天台宗)의 사이초(最澄, 766~822) 또한 “천태교학을 중시한 조사”로서 징관을 높이 평가하였다. 구카이 사후 진언종(眞⾔宗)에서는 징관의 교학이 현교(顯敎)와 밀교(密敎)를 구분하지 않은 잘못된 사상으로 비판받게 되는데, 비판 과정에서 『화엄경소(華嚴經疏)』, 『연의초(演義鈔)』 등이 치밀하게 연구되었다. 즉 헤이안시대 일본에서 징관을 연구한 종파는 동대사의 화엄종이 아니라 천태종과 진언종이었다는 것이다. 그런데 헤이안시대 중후기에 이르러 고려 의천(義天, 1055~1101)이 수집, 간행한 교장총록이 일본에도 전해지자, 동대사나 고산사(高⼭寺) 등지의 화엄종 승려들이 점차 징관의 문헌을 접하게 되었다. 특히 가마쿠라시대 초기 고산사의 묘에(明恵, 1173~1232)나 동대사의 소쇼(宗性, 1202~1278)는 법장(法藏)의 교학과 다른 징관의 교학을 얼마나 모순 없이 이해하는가에 힘을 다하게 된다. 가마쿠라 시대 이후 일본의 징관교학 수용이 보이는 특징은, 천태교판을 중시한 징관의 설을 계승하면서도 법화일승(法華一乘)과 화엄일승(華嚴一乘)의 차이를 명확히 구분하여 모든 교설의 근본법륜으로서 『화엄경』의 위상을 명확히 한다는 점에 있다. 그중 동대사 계단원의 ‘논의’에서는 『법화경(法華經)』에서 설하는 “일대사인연(一大事因緣)”이나 “출세본회(出世本懷)”가 『법화경』의 역할이 아니라 『화엄경』의 역할이라 하여 천태교학에서의 『법화경』 이해와 다름을 강조하고 있다. 따라서 본 발표에서는 이상과 같이 일본에서의 징관교학 수용을 개관하는 한편, 『화엄수경』 및 동대사 도서관에 소장된 ‘논의’들의 사본 분석을 통해 징관교학이 일본불교에 끼친 영향을 밝히고자 한다. In the 14th century, Jyoyo 盛誉 (1273-1362), an elder f the Kaidan-in Temple (戒壇院) of Todaiji, compiled two volumes of the Kegon TeKagami (華厳手鏡). It contains 30 doctrinal debates of Kegon thought treatises. This book was well-read during the early modern and modern periods in Japan, and had a great influence as a reference book on Kegon thought in Japan. It is noteworthy that five of the 30 essays are on the thought of Chengguan 澄観 (738-839), and all of them are critical of Tendai doctrines. In this paper, I review the reception of Chengguans doctrine in Japan and clarify its influence on Japanese Buddhism through an analysis of the Kegon Tekagami.

Single-Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator with Static VAR Compensator Voltage Regulation for Simple and Low Cost Stand-Alone Renewable Energy Utilizations Part II : Simulation and Experimental Results

Ahmed, Tarek,Noro, Osamu,Soshin, Koji,Sato, Shinji,Hiraki, Eiji,Nakaoka, Mutsuo The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2003 KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineeri Vol.a3 No.1

In this paper, the power conditioner composed of the stand-alone single-phase squirrel cage rotor type self-excited induction generator (SEIG) driven by prime movers such as a wind turbine and a micro gas turbine (MGT) is presented by using the steady-state circuit analysis based on the two nodal admittance approaches using the per-unit frequency in addition to a new state variable defined by the per-unit slip frequency along with its performance evaluations for the stand-alone energy utilizations. The stande-alone single-phase SEIG operating performances in unregulated voltage control loop are then evaluated on line under the conditions of the speed change transients of the prime mover and the stand-alone electrical passive load power variations with the simple theoretical analysis and the efficient computation processing procedures described in the part I of this paper. In addition, a feasuible PI controlled feedback closed-loop voltage regulation scheme of the stande-alone single-phase SEIG is designed on the basis of the static VAR compensate. (SVC) and discussed in experiment for the promising stand-alone power conditioner. The experimental operating performance results are illustrated and give good agreements with the simulation ones. The simulation and experimental results of the stand-alone single-phase SEIG with the simple SVC controller for its stabilized voltage regulation prove the practical effectiveness of the additional SVC control loop scheme including the PI controller with fast response characteristics and steady-sate performance improvements.

Single-Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator with Static VAR Compensator Voltage Regulation for Simple and Low Cost Stand-Alone Renewable Energy Utilizations Part I : Analytical Study

Ahmed, Tarek,Noro, Osamu,Soshin, Koji,Sato, Shinji,Hiraki, Eiji,Nakaoka, Mutsuo The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2003 KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineeri Vol.a3 No.1

In this paper, the comparative steady-state operating performance analysis algorithms of the stand-alone single-phase self-excited induction generator (SEIG) is presented on the basis of the two nodal admittance approaches using the per-unit frequency in addition to a new state variable de-fined by the per-unit slip frequency. The main significant features of the proposed operating circuit analysis with the per-unit slip frequency as a state variable are that the fast effective solution could be achieved with the simple mathematical computation effort. The operating performance results in the simulation of the single-phase SEIG evaluated by using the per-unit slip frequency state variable are compared with those obtained by using the per-unit frequency state variable. The comparative operating performance results provide the close agreements between two steady-state analysis performance algorithms based on the electro-mechanical equivalent circuit of the single-phase SEIG. In addition to these, the single-phase static VAR compensator; SVC composed of the thyristor controlled reactor; TCR in parallel with the fixed excitation capacitor; FC and the thyristor switched capacitor; TSC is ap-plied to regulate the generated terminal voltage of the single-phase SEIG loaded by a variable inductive passive load. The fixed gain PI controller is employed to adjust the equivalent variable excitation capacitor capacitance of the single-phase SVC.

Static VAR Compensator-Based Voltage Regulation for Variable-Speed Prime Mover Coupled Single- Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator

Ahmed, Tarek,Noro, Osamu,Sato, Shinji,Nakaoka, Mutsuo The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2003 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.3 No.3

In this paper, the single-phase static VAR compensator (SVC) is applied to regulate and stabilize the generated terminal voltage of the single-phase self-excited induction generator (single-phase SEIG) driven by a variable-speed prime mover (VSPM) under the conditions of the independent inductive load variations and the prime mover speed changes The conventional fixed gain PI controller-based feedback control scheme is employed to adjust the equivalent capacitance of the single-phase SVC composed of the fixed excitation capacitor FC in parallel with the thyristor switched capacitor TSC and the thyristor controlled reactor TCR The feedback closed-loop terminal voltage responses in the single-phase SEIG coupled by a VSPM with different inductive passive load disturbances using the single-phase SVC with the PI controller are considered and discussed herem. A VSPM coupled the single-phase SEIG prototype setup is established. Its experimental results are illustrated as compared with its simulation ones and give good agreements with the digital simulation results for the single-phase SEIG driven by a VSPM, which is based on the SVC voltage regulation feedback control scheme.

Hybrid Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of HRS Processed SUS316L and Titanium Materials

Fujiwara Hiroshi,Ohta Koichi,Noro Atsushi,Ameyama Kei 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

SUS316L stainless steel, commercial pure Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V alloy powders applied by Mechanical Milling (MM) process are sintered by Hot Roll Sintering (HRS) process. Microstructure and mechanical properties of those HRS materials is investigated. The microstructures of materials produced by HRS process consist of fine grains and work-hardened structure, that is, the hybrid microstructure. Tensile test of the HRS material demonstrated the good mechanical properties. These results show that the HRS process is very effective to the improvement of mechanical properties in the SUS316L stainless steel, commercial pure Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

Development of a Simple Method to Determine the Mouse Strain from Which Cultured Cell Lines Originated

Yoshino, Kaori,Saijo, Kaoru,Noro, Chikako,Nakamura, Yukio Korean Society for Bioinformatics 2010 Interdisciplinary Bio Central (IBC) Vol.2 No.4

Misidentification of cultured cell lines results in the generation of erroneous scientific data. Hence, it is very important to identify and eliminate cell lines with a different origin from that being claimed. Various methods, such as karyotyping and isozyme analysis, can be used to detect inter-species misidentification. However, these methods have proved of little value for identifying intra-species misidentification, and it will only be through the development and application of molecular biological approaches that this will become practical. Recently, the profiling of microsatellite variants has been validated as a means of detecting gene polymorphisms and has proved to be a simple and reliable method for identifying individual cell lines. Currently, the human cell lines provided by cell banks around the world are routinely authenticated by microsatellite polymorphism profiling. Unfortunately, this practice has not been widely adopted for mouse cells lines. Here we show that the profiling of microsatellite variants can be also applied to distinguish the commonly used mouse inbred strains and to determine the strain of origin of cultured cell lines. We found that approximately 4.2% of mouse cell lines have been misidentified; this is a similar rate of misidentification as detected in human cell lines. Although this approach cannot detect intra-strain misidentification, the profiling of microsatellite variants should be routinely carried out for all mouse cell lines to eliminate inter-strain misidentification.

Static VAR Compensator-Based Voltage Regulation for Variable-Speed Prime Mover Coupled Single- Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator

Tarek Ahmed,Osamu Noro,Shinji Sato,Mutsuo Nakaoka 전력전자학회 2003 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.3 No.3

In this paper, the single-phase static VAR compensator (SVC) is applied to regulate and stabilize the generated terminal voltage of the single-phase self-excited induction generator (single-phase SEIG) driven by a variable-speed prime mover (VSPM) under the conditions of the independent inductive load variations and the prime mover speed changes The conventional fixed gain PI controller-based feedback control scheme is employed to adjust the equivalent capacitance of the single-phase SVC composed of the fixed excitation capacitor FC in parallel with the thyristor switched capacitor TSC and the thyristor controlled reactor TCR The feedback closed-loop terminal voltage responses in the single-phase SEIG coupled by a VSPM with different inductive passive load disturbances using the single-phase SVC with the PI controller are considered and discussed herem. A VSPM coupled the single-phase SEIG prototype setup is established. Its experimental results are illustrated as compared with its simulation ones and give good agreements with the digital simulation results for the single-phase SEIG driven by a VSPM, which is based on the SVC voltage regulation feedback control scheme.