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Zhu Guodong,Xia Nannan,Xue Ming,Li Zhaopeng,Zhao Haipeng,Qu Cheng 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.3
Polyethylene film mulching is commonly used in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production, an important oil crop. Clear polyethylene film (CLEF) has previously been the only choice for all growing conditions. However, colored polyethylene film has been applied to the cultivation of crops in recent years, so testing the effects of colored film mulches on peanuts is necessary. In this study, we observed the effects of eight colored polyethylene films on devastating pest abundance, plant growth and yield, and soil conditions in peanut fields. The results showed that light-silver-gray film (LSGF), silver-black on both sides film (SGBF), and black film (BLAF) mulches were more effective in reducing the pest population (aphids, thrips, and mites) compared to plants mulched with other films. In addition, SGBF and LSGF mulching accelerated seeding emergence and benefited peanut growth, and the yield increased by about 20% compared to peanuts mulched with CLEF. The soil temperature and humidity under the LSGF and SGBF treatment were more suitable for peanut growth compared to the other film treatments. In conclusion, LSGF and SGBF mulches were appropriate choices for managing pests, maintaining optimum soil conditions, and increasing yield in peanut production.
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( Jiaofen Nan ),( Liangliang Zhang ),( Qiqiang Chen ),( Nannan Zong ),( Peiyong Zhang ),( Xing Ji ),( Shaohui Ma ),( Yuchen Zhang ),( Wei Huang ),( Zhongzhou Du ),( Yongquan Xia ),( Ming Zhang ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.1
Background/Aims The Rome III criteria separated chronic constipation into functional constipation (FC) and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C), but some researchers questioned the partitioning and treated both as distinct parts of a continuum. The study aims to explore the similarity and diversity of brain white matter between FC and IBS-C. Methods The voxel-wise analysis of the diffusion parameters was used to quantify the white matter changes of female brains in 18 FC patients and 20 IBS-C patients compared with a comparison group with 19 healthy controls by tract-based spatial statistics. The correlations between diffusive parameters and clinical symptoms were evaluated using a Pearson’s correlation. Results In comparison to healthy controls, FC patients showed a decrease of fractional anisotropy (FA) and an increase of radial diffusivity (RD) in multiple major fibers encompassing the corpus callosum (CC, P = 0.001 at peak), external capsule (P = 0.002 at peak), corona radiata (CR, P = 0.001 at peak), and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF, P = 0.002 at peak). In contrast, IBS-C patients showed FA and RD aberrations in the CC (P = 0.048 at peak). Moreover, the direct comparison between FC and IBS-C showed only RD differences in the CR and SLF. In addition, FA and RD in the CC were significantly associated with abdominal pain for all patients, whereas FA in CR (P = 0.016) and SLF (P = 0.040) were significantly associated with the length of time per attempt and incomplete evacuation separately for FC patients. Conclusion These results may improve our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying different types of constipation. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:107-118)
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Guodong Zhu,Yin Luo,Ming Xue,Haipeng Zhao,NanNan Xia,Xinhui Wang 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1
Bradysia odoriphaga and B. difformis (Diptera: Sciaridae) are devastating pests of vegetables, ornamentals andedible mushrooms. In Chinese chive fields, the two Bradysia species occur with similar regularities: outbreaks inspring and autumn, and population decreases in summer. Temperature may be an important factor restrictingtheir population abundance in summer. Here, we performed a life-table study under constant high temperaturesand assessed the tolerance of two Bradysia species to heat shock. Life parameters of the Bradysia species indicatedslow developmental rates, and low survival rates and fecundity, when the temperature was higher than 30 °C. At34 °C, individuals were unable to reach the adult stages from eggs. Moreover, temperatures above 36 °C showedlethal effects, decreasing their survival rates. The median lethal time (LT50) values of 4th instar B. odoriphagaand B. difformis larvae were 46.82 and 32.97 h, respectively, while the values at 38 °C were 2.12 and 1.51 h,respectively. The 4th instar larvae and pupae possessed higher thermotolerance levels than adults and eggs,indicating sensitivities to heat stress. Moreover, B. odoriphaga was more thermotolerant than B. difformis. Thus,weak thermotolerance levels may restrict their occurrences during the period of summer heat, and the differencein thermotolerance levels between the two species may be related to their regional distributions.
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