Developing Ecosystem Indicators for Responses to Multiple Stressors

Boldt, Jennifer,Martone, Rebbeca,Samhouri, Jameal,Perry, Ian,Itoh, Sachihiko,Chung, Ik Kyo,Takahashi, Motomitsu,Yoshi, Naoki The Oceanographic Society 2014 OCEANOGRAPHY -WASHINGTON DC- OCEANOGRAPHY SOCIETY- Vol.27 No.4

A molecular investigation of Saccharina sessilis from the Aleutian Islands reveals a species complex, necessitating the new combination Saccharina subsessilis

Samuel Starko,부가훈,Patrick T. Martone,Sandra C. Lindstrom 한국조류학회I 2018 ALGAE Vol.33 No.2

Cryptic species complexes are increasingly recognized in phycological research, obscuring taxonomy and raising questions about factors influencing speciation. A recent exploration of kelp genetic diversity on Haida Gwaii, British Columbia revealed the existence of a new species, Saccharina druehlii, which is cryptic with Saccharina sessilis. This suggests that molecular investigations further north may be required to elucidate the taxonomy and evolutionary history of this lineage. Although, for several decades, S. sessilis was considered a single highly variable species, its taxonomy has been far from straightforward. In particular, Hedophyllum subsessile (Areschoug) Setchell is now recognized as a synonym of S. sessilis in North America, but as a growth form of Saccharina bongardiana in Far East Russia. To resolve this taxonomic confusion, we sequenced mitochondrial (CO1-5P) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer) markers of S. sessilis populations from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA. Interestingly, none of our sequences matched S. sessilis sensu stricto. Instead, CO1-5P sequences from populations in the central and eastern Aleutians matched exactly S. druehlii with increasing sequence divergence occurring westward. Samples from Attu, the western-most island, composed a genetic group that clearly represents Kjellman’s concept of Hafgygia bongardiana f. subsessilis and is distinct enough from S. druehlii and S. sessilis to potentially constitute a distinct species. Therefore, Saccharina subsessilis comb. nov. is proposed for this entity. Our results suggest the existence of a species complex at the crown node of S. sessilis and thus further investigation of Saccharina in Alaskan waters should be conducted to reconstruct the evolutionary history of this fascinating lineage.

A molecular investigation of Saccharina sessilis from the Aleutian Islands reveals a species complex, necessitating the new combination Saccharina subsessilis

Starko, Samuel,Boo, Ga Hun,Martone, Patrick T.,Lindstrom, Sandra C. The Korean Society of Phycology 2018 ALGAE Vol.33 No.2

Cryptic species complexes are increasingly recognized in phycological research, obscuring taxonomy and raising questions about factors influencing speciation. A recent exploration of kelp genetic diversity on Haida Gwaii, British Columbia revealed the existence of a new species, Saccharina druehlii, which is cryptic with Saccharina sessilis. This suggests that molecular investigations further north may be required to elucidate the taxonomy and evolutionary history of this lineage. Although, for several decades, S. sessilis was considered a single highly variable species, its taxonomy has been far from straightforward. In particular, Hedophyllum subsessile (Areschoug) Setchell is now recognized as a synonym of S. sessilis in North America, but as a growth form of Saccharina bongardiana in Far East Russia. To resolve this taxonomic confusion, we sequenced mitochondrial (CO1-5P) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer) markers of S. sessilis populations from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA. Interestingly, none of our sequences matched S. sessilis sensu stricto. Instead, CO1-5P sequences from populations in the central and eastern Aleutians matched exactly S. druehlii with increasing sequence divergence occurring westward. Samples from Attu, the western-most island, composed a genetic group that clearly represents Kjellman's concept of Hafgygia bongardiana f. subsessilis and is distinct enough from S. druehlii and S. sessilis to potentially constitute a distinct species. Therefore, Saccharina subsessilis comb. nov. is proposed for this entity. Our results suggest the existence of a species complex at the crown node of S. sessilis and thus further investigation of Saccharina in Alaskan waters should be conducted to reconstruct the evolutionary history of this fascinating lineage.

Evaluation of axial and tangential ultimate tensile strength of zirconium cladding tubes

Marton Kiraly,Daniel Mihaly Antok,Laszlone Horvath,Zoltan Hozer 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.3

Different methods of axial and tangential testing and various sample geometries were investigated, andnew test geometries were designed to determine the ultimate tensile strength of zirconium claddingtubes. The finite element method was used to model the tensile tests, and the results of the simulationswere evaluated. Axial and tangential tensile tests were performed on as-received and machined fuelcladding tube samples of both E110 and E110G Russian zirconium alloys at room temperature to comparetheir ultimate tensile strengths and the different sample preparation methods

Assessment of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Limousin herds in Hungary using microsatellite markers

Marton Szucs,Ferenc Szabo,Beata Ban,Csilla Jozsa,Laszlo Rozsa,Attila Zsolnai,Istvan Anton 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.2

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate basic information on genetic structure and characteristics of Limousin population in Hungary. Obtained results will be taken into consideration when adopting the new breeding strategy by the Association of Hungarian Limousin and Blonde d'Aquitaine Breeders (AHLBB). Methods: Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of 3,443 Limousin cattle from 16 different herds were investigated by performing genotyping using 18 microsatellite markers. Amplified DNA was genotyped using an automated genetic analyzer. Results: Mean of effective alleles (ne) of the populations was 3.77. Population C had the lowest number of effective alleles (3.01) and the lowest inbreeding coefficient (FIS) value (–0.15). Principal component analysis of estimated genetic distance (FST) values (p<0.000) revealed two herds (C and E) distinct from the majority of other Limousin herds. The pairwise FST values of population C compared to the others (0.066 to 0.120) fell into the range of moderate genetic distance: 0.050 to 0.150, while population E displayed also moderate genetic distance (FST values in range 0.052 to 0.064) but only to six populations (G, H, J, L, N, and P). FST(C-E) was 0.148, all other pairs -excluding C and E herds- displayed low genetic distance (FST<0.049). Population D, F, I, J, K, L, N, O, and P carried private alleles, which alleles belonged to 1.1% of the individuals. Most probable number of clusters (K) were 2 and 7 determined by Structure and BAPS software. Conclusion: This study showed useful genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship data that can be utilized for the development of a new breeding strategy by AHLBB. The results presented could also contribute to the proper selection of animals for further whole genome scan studies of Limousins.

Degradation Indicators and Sustainable Use of Soils

Dr. Marton Laszlo 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Segmented mandrel tests of as-received and hydrogenated WWER fuel cladding tubes

Kiraly, Marton,Horvath, Marta,Nagy, Richard,Ver, Nora,Hozer, Zoltan Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.9

The mechanical interaction between the fuel pellet and the cladding tube of a nuclear fuel rod is a very important for safety studies as this phenomenon could lead to fuel failure and release of radioactivity. To investigate the ductility of cladding tubes used in WWER type nuclear power plants, several mandrel tests were performed in the Centre for Energy Research (EK). This modified mandrel test was used to model the mechanical interaction between the fuel pellet and the cladding using a segmented tool. The tests were conducted at room temperature and at 300 ℃ with inactive as-received and hydrogenated cladding ring samples. The results show a gradual decrease in ductility as the hydrogen content increases, the ductile-brittle transition was seen above 1500 ppm hydrogen absorbed.

Periphony-Lattice Mixed-Order Ambisonic Scheme for Spherical Microphone Arrays

IEEE 2018 IEEE/ACM transactions on audio, speech, and langua Vol.26 No.5

<P>Most methods for sound field reconstruction and spherical beamforming with spherical microphone arrays are mathematically based on the spherical harmonics expansion. In many cases, this expansion is truncated at a certain order as in higher order ambisonics (HOA). This truncation leads to performance that is independent of the incident direction of the sound waves. On the other hand, mixed-order ambisonic (MOA) schemes that select an appropriate subset of spherical harmonics can improve the performance for horizontal directions at the expense of other directions. This paper proposes an MOA scheme called Periphony-Lattice to improve sound field reconstruction performance for horizontally incident sound waves. The proposed scheme is compared with the previously introduced MOA and HOA schemes in terms of theoretical truncation error and performance in sound field reconstruction and spherical beamforming. Computer simulations and measurements are conducted with a spherical array of 52 microphones with a nonuniform layout. The results show that the proposed MOA scheme has better performance in sound field reconstruction and spherical beamforming for horizontal sound waves than the other schemes for a given number of microphones. This scheme can be applied to other spherical array layouts if the number of microphones is greater than that of the required spherical harmonics coefficients, and may improve the horizontal performance.</P>

Room temperature optical anisotropy of a LaMnO3 thin-film induced by ultra-short pulse laser

Munkhbaatar, Purevdorj,Marton, Zsolt,Tsermaa, Baatarchuluun,Choi, Woo Seok,Seo, Sung S. Ambrose,Kim, Jin Seung,Nakagawa, Naoyuki,Hwang, Harold Y.,Lee, Ho Nyung,Myung-Whun, Kim American Institute of Physics 2015 APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS Vol.106 No.9

Effectiveness of endodontic retreatment using WaveOne Primary files in reciprocating and rotary motions

Costa Patricia Marton,Leal Renata Maíra de Souza,Yamanari Guilherme Hiroshi,Cavenago Bruno Cavalini,Duarte Marco Antônio Húngaro 대한치과보존학회 2023 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.48 No.2

Objectives This study evaluated the efficiency of WaveOne Primary files (Dentsply Sirona) for removing root canal fillings with 2 types of movement: reciprocating (RCP) and continuous counterclockwise rotation (CCR). Materials and Methods Twenty mandibular incisors were prepared with a RCP instrument (25.08) and filled using the Tagger hybrid obturation technique. The teeth were retreated with a WaveOne Primary file and randomly allocated to 2 experimental retreatment groups (n = 10) according to movement type: RCP and CCR. The root canals were emptied of filling material in the first 3 steps of insertion, until reaching the working length. The timing of retreatment and procedure errors were recorded for all samples. The specimens were scanned before and after the retreatment procedure with micro-computed tomography to calculate the percentage and volume (mm3) of the residual filling material. The results were statistically evaluated using paired and independent t-tests, with a significance level set at 5%. Results No significant difference was found in the timing of filling removal between the groups, with a mean of 322 seconds (RCP) and 327 seconds (CCR) (p < 0.05). There were 6 instrument fractures: 1 in a RCP motion file and 5 in continuous rotation files. The volumes of residual filling material were similar (9.94% for RCP and 15.94% for CCR; p > 0.05). Conclusions The WaveOne Primary files used in retreatment performed similarly in both RCP and CCR movements. Neither movement type completely removed the obturation material, but the RCP movement provided greater safety. Objectives This study evaluated the efficiency of WaveOne Primary files (Dentsply Sirona) for removing root canal fillings with 2 types of movement: reciprocating (RCP) and continuous counterclockwise rotation (CCR). Materials and Methods Twenty mandibular incisors were prepared with a RCP instrument (25.08) and filled using the Tagger hybrid obturation technique. The teeth were retreated with a WaveOne Primary file and randomly allocated to 2 experimental retreatment groups (n = 10) according to movement type: RCP and CCR. The root canals were emptied of filling material in the first 3 steps of insertion, until reaching the working length. The timing of retreatment and procedure errors were recorded for all samples. The specimens were scanned before and after the retreatment procedure with micro-computed tomography to calculate the percentage and volume (mm3) of the residual filling material. The results were statistically evaluated using paired and independent t-tests, with a significance level set at 5%. Results No significant difference was found in the timing of filling removal between the groups, with a mean of 322 seconds (RCP) and 327 seconds (CCR) (p < 0.05). There were 6 instrument fractures: 1 in a RCP motion file and 5 in continuous rotation files. The volumes of residual filling material were similar (9.94% for RCP and 15.94% for CCR; p > 0.05). Conclusions The WaveOne Primary files used in retreatment performed similarly in both RCP and CCR movements. Neither movement type completely removed the obturation material, but the RCP movement provided greater safety.