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- 저자 : Malato, S. (검색결과 2 건)
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Solar photocatalytic treatment of quinolones: intermediates and toxicity evaluation
Sirtori, Carla,Zapata, Ana,Malato, Sixto,Gernjak, Wolfgang,Fernandez-Alba, Amadeo R.,Aguera, Ana Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.5
In this study, degradation of Flumequine (FLU) and nalidixic acid (NXA) in distilled water by two solar photocatalytic processes, $TiO_2$ and photo-Fenton, was evaluated. Intermediates and acute toxicity of the photoproducts generated were also studied. Degradation efficiency by heterogeneous photocatalysis with $TiO_2$ was similar for NXA and FLU, which were completely degraded after 25 min of illumination. Less NXA mineralisation was reached after 80 min of illumination. Photo-Fenton degradation of both substances was very quick (<25 min of illumination time), and the same mineralisation was reached in both cases. The kinetic parameters of the two substances were calculated for comparison of their photocatalytic degradation. In all cases, photocatalytic processes were associated with a reduction in toxicity, as evaluated by Vibrio fischeri bioassay. Furthermore, a sharp decrease in inhibition was observed from the beginning of the treatment, even when FLU and NXA were still present in the reaction solution (first samples). These results demonstrate that in both photocatalytic processes studied, toxicity decreases significantly, producing a phototreated sample within safe toxicity limits. The intermediates formed during photocatalytic degradation were studied by liquid chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS).
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Gonzalez, O.,Sans, C.,Esplugas, S.,Malato, S. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.7
This work deals with the treatment of highly concentrated sulfamethoxazole (SMX) solutions by some advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that have not been studied until now. The antibiotic has been subjected to oxidation by photolysis, UV/$H_2O_2$ and photo-Fenton using both artificial light and sunlight as radiation sources depending on the installation scale. SMX, total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), as well as the generation of $NH_4^+$, $NO_3^-$ and $SO_4^{2-}$, were followed. SMX photolytic degradation efficiency followed the ranking: 254 nm lamps > sunlight > black-light blue (BLB) lamps (negligible for the latter). The highest eliminations were obtained by means of UV/$H_2O_2$ reaction in a lab-scale reactor (254 nm lamps) with an initial $H_2O_2$ concentration of 200 mg $L^{-1}$: ${\Delta}TOC$ = 62.3%; ${\Delta}COD$ = 79.1% (more than 6 h). Similar removals were achieved with a lab-scale photo-Fenton reactor (BLB lamps) but using 400 mg $L^{-1}$ of oxidant (94 min). The use of solar light appeared to be an interesting option since satisfactory results were obtained in the solar-based photo-Fenton experiments compared to the lab-scale ones, and also since a significant improvement with respect to the solar photolysis was achieved when performing the UV/$H_2O_2$ reaction with sunlight. Finally, some of the resultant effluents from different reactions were subjected to a short-term biodegradability test in order to estimate their quality from a biological point of view.
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