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Kim, Kyeong Seok,Yang, Hun Yong,Song, Hosup,Kang, Ye Rim,Kwon, JiHoon,An, JiHye,Son, Ji Yeon,Kwack, Seung Jun,Kim, Young-Mi,Bae, Ok-Nam,Ahn, Mee-Young,Lee, Jaewon,Yoon, Sungpil,Lee, Byung μ,Kim, Hyung TAYLOR & FRANCIS 2017 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Vol.80 No.9
<P>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased mortality rate in patients but clinically available biomarkers for disease detection are currently not available. Recently, a new biomarker, selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1), was identified for detection of nephrotoxicity using proteomic analysis. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of urinary SBP1 levels as an early detection of AKI using animal models such as cisplatin or ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with cisplatin (6 mg/kg, once i.p.) and sacrificed at 1, 3, or 5 days after treatment. Ischemia was achieved by bilaterally occluding both kidneys with a microvascular clamp for 45 min and verified visually by a change in tissue color. After post-reperfusion, urine samples were collected at 9, 24, and 48 hr intervals. Urinary excretion of protein-based biomarkers was measured by Western blot analysis. In cisplatin-treated rats, mild histopathologic alterations were noted at day 1 which became severe at day 3. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels were significantly increased at day 3. Levels of urinary excretion of SBP1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were markedly elevated at day 3 and 5 following drug treatment. In the vehicle-treated I/R group, serum levels of BUN and SCr and AST activity were significantly increased compared to sham. Urinary excretion of SBP1 and NGAL rose markedly following I/R. The urinary levels of SBP1, NGAL, TIMP-1, and KIM-1 proteins excreted by AKI patients and normal subjects were compared. Among these proteins, a marked rise in SBP1 was observed in urine of patients with AKI compared to normal subjects. Based upon receiver-operator curves (ROC), SBP1 displayed a higher area under the curve (AUC) scores than levels of SCr, BUN, total protein, and glucose. In particular, SBP1 protein was readily detected in small amounts of urine without purification. Data thus indicate that urinary excretion of SBP1 may be useful as a reliable biomarker for early diagnosis of AKI in patients.</P>
( Byung Gee Kim ),( Eun Ok Jung ),( Chang Min Sung ),( Beom Gi Park ),( Hyung Don Yun ) 한국피부장벽학회 2014 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.16 No.2
ω-Hydroxy fatty acids (ω-OHFAs) are valuable chemicals for adhesives, lubricants, cosmetic intermediates and potential anticancer agents. Especially, ω-OHFAs have a potential as precursors for pseudo-ceramides. Although there are several processes for ω-OHFAs production by chemical synthesis, those have low yield and harsh reaction condition with high temperature. Here, we would like to discuss the production of ω -OHFAs using P450s which have the high regiospecificity to long chain fatty acids. To develop the biotransformation process for ω-OHFAs production, there are two major issues: enzyme engineering and host development. First, the several amino acids were substituted by site-directed mutagenesis to enhance the affinity for long-chain fatty acid based on bioinformatics tools. Second, because the omega-hydroxylation reaction is catalyzed by P450s with two electrons, we mimicked the self-sufficient P450 which is the most efficient electron transfer system in nature and the linker sequences were optimized. Third, cofactor regeneration system was developed to supply NAD(P)H in E.coli. Lastly, fadD (fatty acyl-CoA synthetase) which initiates cellular consumption of fatty acid was deleted and fadL (outer membrane long-chain fatty acid transporter) was over-expressed for substrate/product stability and substrate transport. Finally, 2.6 g/L (10.0 mM) of palmitic acid converted into 2.5 g/L (9.5 mM) of ω-hydroxy palmitic acid for 36hr with 0.07g/L/hr productivity. Also, ω-OHFAs were synthesized from glucose about 400mg/L.
Cytochrome P450 enzyme levels in HepG2 cells and iPSC-derived hepatocytes
Byung-Suk Jeon,Nam-Ju Kim,Hee Yi,Ji-Hyun Bang,Moon Her,Hyun-Ok Ku 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
Hepatocyte cell systems for in vitro assessment include hepatoma cell lines and normal hepatocyte cultures used in toxicity and metabolism of drugs. However, each cell line has its own characteristics. Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSC), which can be differentiated to hepatocytes and providing a limitless supply of cells with hepatocyte characteristics that can mimic the physiology of liver, has been one of the best ways to portray the in vivo system. Thus, the objective of the present study was to compare between HepG2 cell line and iPSC-derived hepatocytes to conclude which is the good model for preclinical in vitro drug screening studies. We evaluated cytotoxicity and induction of CYP1A2 and 3A4 with treated acetaminophen, aminodarone, orphenadrine or lovastatin. The levels of CYPs was measured with luminometric assay. The cytotoxicity and induction of CYPs was increased in a concentration-dependent manner, and the CYPs level was higher in iPSC-derived hepatocytes than in HepG2. The results showed that in vitro studies on cytotoxicity and drug metabolism using iPSC-derived hepatocytes can be potential application as cost effective substitutes in drug screening. We will cover how iPSC technology is being used to develop predictive models and how information gained from in vitro screening experiments using this model.
( Byung-ok Jin ),( Min-ho Lee ),( Jin-seok Jo ),( Ho-jun Jung ),( Chi-ho Kim ),( Hyeon-tae Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2017 바이오시스템공학 Vol.42 No.2
Purpose: In this study, we attempted to analyze, by using a high-speed camera, the cutting shape as a function of cutting speed and feed rate. We compared the differences in cutting shape between domestic and foreign combines. Methods: Experiments were performed using plastic straws, and the results of two combine cutting blades, one from the Daedong Industry and one from Kuboda, were compared. The quality and performances of cutting were measured at three cutting positions: center and 68 cm to the left and right of the center. The feed rates were 0.6 m/s, 1.1 m/s, 1.6 m/s, and the cutting speeds were 600 RPM, 990 RPM, 1,380 RPM. For each speed, the cutting shape was measured three times, and the entire procedure was also repeated three times. Results: In the experiments, the domestic cutting blade achieved better results than the Japanese cutting blade. These results were obtained by studying the combination of feed rate and cutting speed, with the domestic combine attaining approximately 80% performance of the Japanese combine. We believe that additional data analysis is required, obtained from field experiments. Conclusions: The domestic cutting knives achieved better results than the Japanese cutting knives. These results are estimated from experiments conducted with different feed rates and cutting speeds; an in-depth analysis will require experiments in the real field with actual combines and a combination of multiple variables. Repeating the investigation on the length differences, broken and cut angle with various combinations of feed rate and cutting speed, will surely help to find the optimal cutting speed.
Kim, Kyeong Ok,Jung, Kyung Tae,Choi, Byung Ho BioOne (Coastal Education and Research Foundation) 2013 JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH Vol.65 No.-
<P>The earthquake of magnitude 9.0 that occurred in March 2011 and the ensuing crisis at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant prompted sweeping reviews of Japan's disaster preparedness and criticism over apparent failures to take into account potential risks. Based on studies conducted after the catastrophes, the Japanese government revised its tsunami projections in a report posted on a government website. While the earlier forecast in 2003 put the potential maximum height of a tsunami runup at less than 20 m, a governmental panel of experts in Japan recently reported that the occurrence of a magnitude-9.0 earthquake in the Nankai trough, which runs east of Japan's main island of Honshu to the southern island of Kyushu, might generate a tsunami runup with a height of more than 34 m, which would inundate much of Japan's Pacific coast. A chronicle of Cheju Island (Tamraji) reports that a tsunami was propagated by the 1707 Hoei earthquake. The tsunami from the 2011 earthquake event was also propagated to the southern shore of Korea. In this study, we conducted a numerical simulation of the propagation of the tsunami from Japan's Pacific coast to the southern shore of the Korean Peninsula. Simulation results are presented for 11 scenarios of initial water displacement identified by the Japanese government. The simulation results indicate that after an earthquake in the Nankai Trough, tsunami waves would reach Cheju Island in approximately 3.5 hours and the southern coast of Korea in approximately 4 hours, with a maximum runup height of approximately 1.5 m.</P>
Prevalence of Bacterial Contaminations of Chicken Meat in South Korea 2014 - 2015
( Byung-kook Choi ),( Ok-mi Jeong ),( Chun-tae Lim ),( So-youn Youn ),( Na-young Kim ),( Byung-woo Jeon ),( Shin-ae Kim ),( Suk-chan Jung ),( Min-su Kang ) 대한인수공통전염병학회 2016 창립총회 및 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2016 No.1
Introduction: Food borne diseases are considered to begin from animal meat and meat products which are sometimes resulting to serious health problems due to the consumption of them. A two years study about bacteriological condition of chicken meat in South Korea, was carried out to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Listeria moncytogenes. Methods: Each solution of a hundred eighty samples of chicken carcasses was collected from the slaughter houses throughout the South Korea during 2014 -2015. The samples were analyzed for the presence of bacterial contaminations using Korean Food Standard Codex for meat and meat products. Results: In one hundred eighty chicken samples, Staphylococcus aureus (36.1%) is the most frequent pathogen in chicken meat for two years followed by Clostridium perfringens (31.7%), Campylobacter coli (23.3%), Salmonella spp. (13.3%), Campylobacter jejuni (10.0%), Escherichia coli: 0111 (3.9%), Escherichia coli: 0145 (2.2%), Escherichia coli: 026 (1.7%), Yersinia enterocolitica (1.1%), and Listeria monocytogenes (1.1%). Minor pathogens are Escherichia coli spp. (O45, O103, O104, O121 and O128). Conclusion: The bacteriological status of chicken meats from the slaughter houses showed that a variety of pathogens were able to transmit diseases to people especially high level of Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens. Our findings suggest that farms and slaughter houses should more enforce hygiene system to reduce pathogens which are harmful for public health.