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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : John W. Brown (검색결과 3 건)
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Patterns of Lepidoptera herbivory on conifers in the New World
John W. Brown 국립중앙과학관 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.11 No.1
Five families of conifers are native to the New World: Pinaceae (104 species), Cupressaceae (73 species), Podocarpaceae (40 species), Araucariaceae (2 species), and Taxaceae (6 species). Pinaceae and Cupressaceae both serve as larval hosts to many specialist and generalist lepidopterans. In contrast, Podocarpaceae, Araucariaceae, and Taxaceae support exceedingly few lepidopteran herbivores. This pattern can be explained primarily by the comparatively low species richness (taxonomic diversity) and relictual distributions (host plant distribution and density) of the last three families, resulting in a lower apparency or exposure to potential herbivores. However, it is likely that secondary plant compounds also play a role in deterring insect feeding. A total of 794 species of Lepidoptera have been recorded feeding on conifers, with 503 specialists (i.e. restricted or nearly so to a single conifers family) and 291 generalists (i.e. feeding on conifers and angiosperms). Tortricoidea (n = 198) include the greatest number of conifer feeders, followed by Geometroidea (n = 196) and Noctuoidea (n = 156). Whereas the majority of species of macrolepidoptera (e.g. Lasiocampoidea, Bombycoidea, Geometroidea, Noctuoidea) that feed on conifers are generalist herbivores that feed on a variety of plant families (angiosperms and conifers), most microlepidopterans (e.g. Gracillarioidea, Yponomeutoidea, Gelechioidea, Pyraloidea) that feed on conifers are restricted to conifers (i.e. exceedingly few feed on angiosperms).
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John W. Brown,Scott E. Miller 국립중앙과학관 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.16 No.3
Two new species of Xenolepis are described and illustrated from Papua New Guinea: X. neoguineana Brown & Miller, n. sp., and X. slipihalo Brown & Miller, n. sp. All specimens examined were collected as larvae, most from Syzygium spp. (Myrtaceae), but a few from Garcinia (Clusiaceae), Ziziphus (Rhamna ceae), Amyema (Loranthaceae), and Gomphandra (Stemonuraceae), which represent the first reportedfood plants for Xenolepis. The new species bring to seven the number of described species in the genus. We also present DNA barcodes, host plants, and an illustration of the male genitalia of an undescribedspecies from New Guinea, but refrain from naming it owing to the paucity and poor quality of thespecimens. Available descriptions and illustrations indicate that Xenolepis, as presently defined, com prises two distinct species groups that are superficially disparate but possess very sim
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Plant U13 orthologues and orphan snoRNAs identified by RNomics of RNA from Arabidopsis nucleoli
Kim, Sang Hyon,Spensley, Mark,Choi, Seung Kook,Calixto, Cristiane P. G.,Pendle, Ali F.,Koroleva, Olga,Shaw, Peter J.,Brown, John W. S. Oxford University Press 2010 Nucleic acids research Vol.38 No.9
<P>Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and small Cajal body-specific RNAs (scaRNAs) are non-coding RNAs whose main function in eukaryotes is to guide the modification of nucleotides in ribosomal and spliceosomal small nuclear RNAs, respectively. Full-length sequences of Arabidopsis snoRNAs and scaRNAs have been obtained from cDNA libraries of capped and uncapped small RNAs using RNA from isolated nucleoli from Arabidopsis cell cultures. We have identified 31 novel snoRNA genes (9 box C/D and 22 box H/ACA) and 15 new variants of previously described snoRNAs. Three related capped snoRNAs with a distinct gene organization and structure were identified as orthologues of animal U13snoRNAs. In addition, eight of the novel genes had no complementarity to rRNAs or snRNAs and are therefore putative orphan snoRNAs potentially reflecting wider functions for these RNAs. The nucleolar localization of a number of the snoRNAs and the localization to nuclear bodies of two putative scaRNAs was confirmed by <I>in situ</I> hybridization. The majority of the novel snoRNA genes were found in new gene clusters or as part of previously described clusters. These results expand the repertoire of Arabidopsis snoRNAs to 188 snoRNA genes with 294 gene variants.</P>
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