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Using CoreSight PTM to Integrate CRA Monitoring IPs in an ARM-Based SoC
Lee, Yongje,Lee, Jinyong,Heo, Ingoo,Hwang, Dongil,Paek, Yunheung Association for Computing Machinery 2017 Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Sy Vol.22 No.3
<P>The ARM CoreSight Program Trace Macrocell (PTM) has been widely deployed in recent ARM processors for real-time debugging and tracing of software. Using PTM, the external debugger can extract execution behaviors of applications running on an ARM processor. Recently, some researchers have been using this feature for other purposes, such as fault-tolerant computation and security monitoring. This motivated us to develop an external security monitor that can detect control hijacking attacks, of which the goal is to maliciously manipulate the control flow of victim applications at an attacker's disposal. This article focuses on detecting a special type of attack called code reuse attacks (CRA), which use a recently introduced technique that allows attackers to perform arbitrary computation without injecting their code by reusing only existing code fragments. Our external monitor is attached to the outside of the host system via the system bus and ARM CoreSight PTM, and is fed with execution traces of a victim application running on the host. As a majority of CRAs violates the normal execution behaviors of a program, our monitor constantly watches and analyzes the execution traces of the victim application and detects a symptom of attacks when the execution behaviors violate certain rules that normal applications are known to adhere. We present two different implementations for this purpose: a hardware-based solution in which all CRA detection components are implemented in hardware, and a hardware/software mixed solution that can be employed in a more resource-constrained environment where the deployment of full hardware-level CRA detection is burdensome.</P>
Visualization of UV-induced damage on single DNA molecules
Lee, Jinyong,Park, Hyun Seung,Lim, Sangyong,Jo, Kyubong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Chemical communications Vol.49 No.42
<P>Ultraviolet radiation induced DNA damage such as double stranded breaks and single stranded breaks is visualized at the level of single DNA molecules. Molecular observations provide a map of DNA radiation-mediated breakages, revealing the sequence dependency of DNA damage rather than random occurrences.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>UV radiation induced DSBs and SSBs are visualized at the level of single DNA molecules. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3cc38884k'> </P>
Low-Complexity ICI Reduction Method for OFDM Systems With Large Subcarrier Numbers
Lee, Jinyong,Lee, Jonghwa,Kim, Jaehoon,Kim, Younglok IEEE 2015 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology VT Vol.64 No.8
<P>The intercarrier interference (ICI) resulting from the loss of orthogonality caused by the time-varying property of the propagation channels degrades the data detection performance of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless communication systems. Further, the severity of the problem increases when the mobile speed is relatively higher than the number of subcarriers. In this paper, a time-varying filtering method is proposed that reduces ICI by obtaining an approximation of linear system solutions such as zero-forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE). The update rates of the time-varying filter coefficients, which are actually the minimum phase versions of the channel impulse responses, are also minimized to reduce the computational complexity. The simulation results show that the proposed method with lower complexity effectively reduces ICI such that practical application is deemed feasible for OFDM systems with a large number of subcarriers.</P>
Single-molecule visualization of ROS-induced DNA damage in large DNA molecules
Lee, Jinyong,Kim, Yongkyun,Lim, Sangyong,Jo, Kyubong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 The Analyst Vol.141 No.3
<P>We present a single molecule visualization approach for the quantitative analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced DNA damage, such as base oxidation and single stranded breaks in large DNA molecules. We utilized the Fenton reaction to generate DNA damage with subsequent enzymatic treatment using a mixture of three types of glycosylases to remove oxidized bases, and then fluorescent labeling on damaged lesions via nick translation. This single molecule analytical platform provided the capability to count one or two damaged sites per. DNA molecule (48.5 kb), which were reliably dependent on the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ion at the micromolar level. More importantly, the labeled damaged sites that were visualized under a microscope provided positional information, which offered the capability of comparing DNA damaged sites with the in silico genomic map to reveal sequence specificity that GTGR is more sensitive to oxidative damage. Consequently, single DNA molecule analysis provides a sensitive analytical platform for ROS-induced DNA damage and suggests an interesting biochemical insight that the genome primarily active during the lysogenic cycle may have less probability for oxidative DNA damage.</P>
Improved tensile strength of carbon nanotube-grafted carbon fiber reinforced composites
Lee, Geunsung,Sung, Minchang,Youk, Ji Ho,Lee, Jinyong,Yu, Woong-Ryeol Elsevier 2019 COMPOSITE STRUCTURES -BARKING THEN OXFORD- Vol.220 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Increased tensile strength of carbon nanotube (CNT)-grafted carbon fiber (CF) composites has been reported, but the mechanism of this increase is not yet clear. In this study, CNT-grafted CF unidirectional (UD) and woven composites were fabricated using a low-temperature chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and resin transfer molding. Two types of CNTs (short and thin, long and thick) were successfully grown and grafted to CFs without degrading the CFs in the preforms. The CNT-grafted CFs exhibited increased interfacial shear strength (IFSS) similarly regardless of the CNT type. Interestingly, however, long and thick CNT-grafted CF UD and woven composites exhibited significant increases in tensile strength (about 20% and 30%), suggesting other mechanisms besides increased IFSS. The splitting crack initiation under the mixed mode condition was quantitatively characterized for the CNT-grafted CF UD composites, demonstrating that long and thick CNTs delayed the splitting crack initiation. Delayed fiber splitting and increased IFSS were concluded to be the main sources of increased tensile strength of CNT-grafted CF composites.</P>
Jinyong Lee,Do Gwen Hwang,Jun Sang Yoo,Hyun Sook Lee 한국자기학회 2012 Journal of Magnetics Vol.17 No.2
We investigated the effects of pulsed magnetic fields (PMF) stimulus on electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha activity and heart rate variability (HRV) from electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements with various stimulus durations at acupoint PC9. The alpha activity in the EEG and the ratio of low frequency power and high frequency power (LHR) in the HRV, a reflection of sympathovagal activity, were increased and decreased, respectively, after PMF stimulus of 3 min. Our spectral analysis quantitatively proved that the changes in the EEG alpha activity were consistent with an autonomic function in the ECG. These findings suggest that appropriate PMF stimulus results in the same effect as that of acupuncture applied to the acupoint PC9, which is closely related to the parasympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system.
Jinyong Lee,Insuk Go,Jaewon Choi,Taesun Jang,Sang Hoon Shin,Hyun Sook Lee,Do Guwn Hwang,Sunwook Kim 한국자기학회 2010 Journal of Magnetics Vol.15 No.4
Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and pressure pulse waveform (PPW) were compared and evaluated for the efficacy of stimulating knuckles by using the pulsed magnetic field. Both signals were observed simultaneously while the knuckles were exposed for 10 min to the pulsed magnetic field, with maximum field intensity of 0.8 T and transition time of 0.126 msec. After 5 min stimulation of the knuckles, the results showed that the aging indexes calculated from the second derivative of the PPG were increased from ?1.913 to 0.072, and that of the PPW from ?0.063 to 0.387. However, for the relatively long-term stimulation for 10 min, we found that the values of both the aging indexes of the second derivatives and augmentation index of the PPW returned to the starting level. The changes observed in characteristic factors such as the aging indexes of the second derivatives and augmentation index of the PPW indicate the potential of pulsed magnetic field stimulation as a therapeutic method for the treatment of patients with peripheral vascular disease.
Antimicrobial peptide and non-invasive skin biomarker analysis methods
( Jinyong Lee ),( Eui Taek Jeong ) 한국피부장벽학회 2022 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.24 No.2
Antimicrobial peptides are an important component of the natural defences of most living organisms against invading pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides have a wide range of inhibitory effects against bacteria, fungi and viruses. This review presents the current state of knowledge regarding multifunctional role of antimicrobial peptides. In addition, a method for non-invasive measurement of skin biomarkers has also been discussed.