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Sequential Processing: Control of Nanomorphology in Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells
Wang, Dong Hwan,Moon, Ji Sun,Seifter, Jason,Jo, Jang,Park, Jong Hyeok,Park, O Ok,Heeger, Alan J. American Chemical Society 2011 Nano letters Vol.11 No.8
<P>Bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices based on poly[<I>N</I>-9′′-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-<I>alt</I>-5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole) (PCDTBT)/[6,6]-phenyl C<SUB>70</SUB> butyric acid methyl ester (PC<SUB>70</SUB>BM) can be successfully fabricated by a sequential solution deposition process. When the top layer is deposited from an appropriate cosolvent, the PC<SUB>70</SUB>BM penetrates a predeposited bottom layer of PCDTBT during the spin-casting process, resulting in an interdiffused structure with a layer-evolved bulk heterojunction (LE-BHJ) nanomorphology. The PCDTBT:PC<SUB>70</SUB>BM LE-BHJ solar cells prepared with an optimized cosolvent ratio have comparable power conversion efficiency to the conventional BHJ solar cells. The nanomorphology of the optimized PCDTBT:PC<SUB>70</SUB>BM LE-BHJ mixture was found to have better vertical connectivity than the conventional BHJ material.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2011/nalefd.2011.11.issue-8/nl202320r/production/images/medium/nl-2011-02320r_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl202320r'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>