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      • Electrical control of nanoscale functionalization in graphene by the scanning probe technique

        Byun, Ik-Su,Kim, Wondong,Boukhvalov, Danil W.,Hwang, Inrok,Son, Jong Wan,Oh, Gwangtaek,Choi, Jin Sik,Yoon, Duhee,Cheong, Hyeonsik,Baik, Jaeyoon,Shin, Hyun-Joon,Shiu, Hung Wei,Chen, Chia-Hao,Son, Young Nature Publishing Group (NPG) ; Tokyo Institute of 2014 NPG Asia Materials Vol.6 No.-

        Functionalized graphene is a versatile material that has well-known physical and chemical properties depending on functional groups and their coverage. However, selective control of functional groups on the nanoscale is hardly achievable by conventional methods utilizing chemical modifications. We demonstrate electrical control of nanoscale functionalization of graphene with the desired chemical coverage of a selective functional group by atomic force microscopy (AFM) lithography and their full recovery through moderate thermal treatments. Surprisingly, our controlled coverage of functional groups can reach 94.9% for oxygen and 49.0% for hydrogen, respectively, well beyond those achieved by conventional methods. This coverage is almost at the theoretical maximum, which is verified through scanning photoelectron microscope measurements as well as first-principles calculations. We believe that the present method is now ready to realize 'chemical pencil drawing' of atomically defined circuit devices on top of a monolayer of graphene.

      • 자 차량의 주행경로 예측에 기반한 충돌 위험도 평가

        이선호(Sunho Lee),송봉섭(Bongsob Song),변재윤(Jaeyoon Byun) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11

        본 논문은 자 차량의 주행경로 예측을 통해 타 차량 및 장애물과의 충돌 위험도를 평가하는 기법을 다룬다. 자 차량의 주행경로 예측은 능동 차량 안전 시스템에 있어 운전자의 의도를 파악할 수 있는 유일한 방법으로써 현재 상용화 되어있는 ACC 시스템에 널리 접목되어 있다. 일반적으로, 주행경로 예측 기법은 크게 모델 기반 기법과 비 모델 기반 기법으로 나뉘며 각각의 기법은 장단점을 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 위 두 기법을 모두 사용하여 성능 평가를 실행하였으며 예측된 주행경로를 레이더를 통해 감지된 상대 차량 정보와 비교하여 충돌 위험 가능성의 정도를 나타내는 값을 산출하는 기법을 제안한다. 또한, 주어진 차선을 추종하는 시나리오뿐만 아니라 차선 변경을 할 경우도 고려하여 옆 차선 및 자 차선 차량과의 충돌 위험도를 평가 할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제시하고자 한다. 제시된 알고리즘은 실제 주행 데이터를 바탕으로 오프라인으로 그 현실적 적용 가능성을 검증하였다.

      • Development of Unmanned Ground Vehicle for Multi Agent systems

        Sunho Lee,Bongsob Song,Youngho Shin,Jaeyoon Byun 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

        An engineering approach to designing an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) operating in multi agent systems is presented in the paper. The objective of multi agent systems is to surveil allocated regions for environmental monitoring, e.g. forest fire. The UGV is designed to work as a single agent to gather environmental information for surveillance. In this research, a Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulation (HILS) technique is used to save development cost and human effort. That is, one of the UGVs is developed in reality and the others are generated virtually for HILS. Furthermore, a detailed account for the development of a multi agent system including hardware layouts, software architecture, and communication among a distributed system is presented. Finally the feasibility of this platform is validated experimentally via HILS.

      • Engineering ferromagnetic lines in graphene by local functionalization using AFM lithography

        Bae Ho Park,Ik-Su Byun,Danil W. Boukhvalov,Duk Hyun Lee,Wondong Kim,Jaeyoon Baik,Hyun-Joon Shin,Young-Woo Son 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.1

        Monolayer graphene with sp<sup>2</sup>-carbon-atom network is a promising platform for next-generation spintronic devices due to its high carrier mobility and long spin relaxation length. For implementation of practical and high-density graphene-based spintronic devices, we need to define nanoscale areas with ferromagnetic properties on graphene. Up to now, conventional ferromagnetic metal electrodes accompanied by barrier insulators have been used for injection and detection of polarized spins in graphene-based spintronic devices. If graphene-based materials show ferromagnetic behaviors, they will become ideal candidates for spin injectors and detectors, because they structurally, chemically, and electrically match well with pristine graphene. In this presentation, I will report on local magnetic characteristics of nanoscale graphene oxidized and hydrogenated by atomic force microscope (AFM) lithography without conventional sources of surface contamination and chemical agents. By using AFM lithography, we can selectively control functional groups and their coverages on the nanoscale at the surface of graphene. By performing magnetic force microscope (MFM) measurement, we can clearly distinguish local magnetic signal of selectively oxidized or hydrogenated graphene from that of surrounding pristine graphene which does not produce ferromagnetic signal. The nanoscale oxidized and hydrogenated graphene show experimental evidences for room-temperature ferromagnetism. From x-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission electron microscope (XMCD-PEEM) measurement, we also identified remarkable asymmetry in carbon K edge XMCD spectra, which strongly indicates that the observed ferromagnetic order in functionalized graphene layers is intrinsic.

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