Being a front-line dentist during the Covid-19 pandemic: a literature review

Fallahi, Hamid Reza,Keyhan, Seied Omid,Zandian, Dana,Kim, Seong-Gon,Cheshmi, Behzad Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2020 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.42 No.-

Coronavirus is an enveloped virus with positive-sense single-stranded RNA. Coronavirus infection in humans mainly affects the upper respiratory tract and to a lesser extent the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical symptoms of coronavirus infections can range from relatively mild (similar to the common cold) to severe (bronchitis, pneumonia, and renal involvement). The disease caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was called Covid-19 by the World Health Organization in February 2020. Face-to-face communication and consistent exposure to body fluids such as blood and saliva predispose dental care workers at serious risk for 2019-nCoV infection. As demonstrated by the recent coronavirus outbreak, information is not enough. During dental practice, blood and saliva can be scattered. Accordingly, dental practice can be a potential risk for dental staff, and there is a high risk of cross-infection. This article addresses all information collected to date on the virus, in accordance with the guidelines of international health care institutions, and provides a comprehensive protocol for managing possible exposure to patients or those suspected of having coronavirus.

Influence of Superabsorbent Polymer Rates on Growth of Saffron Replacement Corms

Hamid-Reza Fallahi,Gholamreza Zamani,Mokhadereh Mehrabani,Mahsa Aghhavani-Shajari,Alireza Samadzadeh 한국작물학회 2016 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.19 No.1

Mother corm size is the most important factor for production of replacement corms, flower, and stigma yield in saffron. In semi-arid regions, water shortage is a deterrent agent for appropriate corm growth of saffron. Therefore, in this experiment the effects of six levels of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) including 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kg ha-1 was investigated on growth indices of replacement corms of saffron. For this purpose, an experiment was evaluated at the research farm of the Saffron Research Group, Sarayan Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran, during 2013-2015. Results showed that SAP application did not considerable effect on corm growth indices in the first life cycle of saffron. Nevertheless, consumption of 30-40 kg ha-1 SAP somewhat improved the number and total weight of replacement corms per clone. In the second life cycle of saffron, the positive impact of SAP was clearly observed on the growth of replacement corms. The application of 40 kg ha-1 SAP increased the amount of number of replacement corms per clone by 13%, total weight of replacement corms per clone by 36%, and scale weight of corms per clone by 50% compared with control. In addition, the amount of mean weight of replacement corms and mean number of buds per corm in treatment of application of 40 kg ha-1 SAP were 29 and 27% higher than the control treatment, respectively. SAP application decreased the amount of non-standard (< 8 g) corm production while significantly increased the percentage of corms with standard weight. Overall, the increasing effect of SAP application on corm weight, bud number, and standard corm yield was higher than the number of produced corms per clone. In addition, water-use efficiency in SAP application treatments (6.1 kg standard corm m-3) was more than the control (4.34 kg m-3) treatment. In total, SAP application is an appropriate strategy for production of standard saffron corms in semi-arid regions.

Dysosmia and dysgeusia due to the 2019 Novel Coronavirus; a hypothesis that needs further investigation

Keyhan, Seied Omid,Fallahi, Hamid Reza,Cheshmi, Behzad Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2020 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.42 No.-

Reopening of dental clinics during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an evidence-based review of literature for clinical interventions

Keyhan, Seied Omid,Fallahi, Hamid Reza,Motamedi, Amin,Khoshkam, Vahid,Mehryar, Paymon,Moghaddas, Omid,Cheshmi, Behzad,Firoozi, Parsa,Yousefi, Parisa,Houshmand, Behzad Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2020 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.42 No.-

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes serious acute respiratory diseases including pneumonia and bronchitis with approximately 2.3% fatality occurrence. Main body: This study argues the main concepts that need to be considered for the gradual reopening of dental offices include treatment planning approaches, fundamental elements needed to prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus in dental healthcare settings, personal protection equipment (PPE) for dental health care providers, environmental measures, adjunctive measures, and rapid point of care tests in dental offices. Conclusion: This article seeks to provide an overview of existing scientific evidence to suggest a guideline for reopening dental offices.

Use of piezoelectric surgery and Er:YAG laser:which one is more effective during impacted third molar surgery?

Keyhan, Seied Omid,Fallahi, Hamid Reza,Cheshmi, Behzad,Mokhtari, Sajad,Zandian, Dana,Yousefi, Parisa Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2019 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.41 No.-

Background: Reduction in postoperative complications is of vital considerations in impacted third molar teeth surgery. The aim of this study was to compare postoperative complications of impacted third molar surgeries for bone removal using laser, piezoelectric equipment, and conventional rotary instruments. Methods: To address the research purpose, the investigator designed the prospective double-blind clinical trial study. The sample size was determined 20 (40 teeth) by sampling formula in any kind of operation. The data of patients were obtained in the different periods in terms of pain, trismus, swelling, ecchymosis, and patient's satisfaction and then analyzed using SPSS 20 software via paired t test and Wilcoxon and McNemar's tests. Results: The pain immediately after surgery and 2 days and 7 days after surgery was higher in the laser group. The swelling immediately after surgery was more in the laser group but not significant. The amount of mouth opening immediately after surgery and 2 days and 7 days after surgery was significantly lower in the laser group than in the piezosurgery group. The total duration of surgery and duration of osteotomy were significantly longer in the laser group. The patient's satisfaction from surgery with piezosurgery was more than that with laser, but this difference was not significant. Conclusion: Due to the rising demand for impacted wisdom tooth surgery, the present study suggests that hard tissue laser surgery and piezosurgery can clear the future of impacted molar surgery, and these approaches are more efficient in reducing postoperative complications compared to the conventional surgeries.

Vaccine-associated complications: a comparative multicenter evaluation among dental practitioners and dental students?which candidate vaccine is more safe in SARS COV II, Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V), ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca), BBV152 (Covaxin), or BBIB

Behzad Houshmand,Seied Omid Keyhan,Hamid Reza Fallahi,Shaqayeq Ramezanzade,Erfan Sadeghi,Parisa Yousefi 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2022 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.44 No.-

Background: The rapidly developed vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 carry arisk of provoking side effects. This study aimed to evaluate current vaccination non-serious/serious side effects. Methods: A multicenter electronic questionnaire via an online platform was conducted over a 1-week periodamong vaccinated dental staff and dental students inquiring whether they experienced vaccine-related side-effectsafter vaccine administration. Results: A total of 1205 respondents with a mean age of 39 (SD: 12) were retained for the analyses. The followingvaccines were reported; Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V), ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca), BBV152 (Covaxin), or BBIBPCorV(Sinopharm). The majority of respondents received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (51.1%) and Gam-COVID-Vac (37.6%). The symptoms most frequently reported after vaccination were fatigue (79%), local pain in the injection site (77.4%),malaise (73%), and body pain (71.1%). Enrollees reported more onset of reactions on 0?12 h (44.1%) and 12?24 h(29.0%) after vaccine administration (p value <0.001). In 75.7%, the side effects last for up to 3 days. Merely 5.5% ofcases reported the presence of side effects after the first week. Individuals with a history of SARSCoV-2 and otherinfections (MERS, influenza, and EBV) were more likely to report a number of unserious systemic side effects. Conclusion: The commonly reported adverse events were in line with similar studies. We have concerns with thefrequency of serious adverse effects. This work necessitates the need for further clinical assessments with largersample sizes.

Balcony genioplasty: a novel technique for better esthetic results in patients with deep mentolabial fold

Keyhan, Seied Omid,Cheshmi, Behzad,Fallahi, Hamid Reza,Asayesh, Mohammad Ali,Fattahi, Tirbod Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2019 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.41 No.-

Background: To introduce a novel technique for advancement genioplasty helping surgeons to avoid soft tissue difficulties especially in short-faced patients with deep mentolabial fold and everted lower lip. Case presentation: In a trapezius-shaped, osteotomy was performed in the chin region. The mobilized segment was advanced, and the existing gap was grafted using interpositional allograft materials. Each side had been fixated by three-hole plates and two screws. The outcomes revealed no change in lower anterior teeth vitality. The patients did not report any changes of sensation in lower lip and chin either. The measurements indicated no increase in depth of mentolabial fold in patients undergoing this surgical technique. The postoperative evaluation showed a successful esthetic outcome for the patient and the surgeon concurrently. Conclusion: Based on our experience, the authors concluded that the Balcony technique is a simple and reliable procedure for patients with a deep mentolabial fold.

Nasal sill augmentation: an overlooked concept in rhinoplasty—a technical note and review of the literatures

Gholamhossein Adham,Seied Omid Keyhan,Hamid Reza Fallahi,Heliya Ziaei,Mohan Thomas 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2021 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.43 No.-

BackgroundNasal sill is one of the components of the alar ring, affecting the esthetic outcomes of rhinoplasty; accordingly, we developed a novel technique to adjust defects in this area and compared it with the available techniques. MethodsOur technique was based on creating a tunnel access to the nasal sill area through an incision made in the lower third of the columella using the open approach or through a nostril base incision in patients, who underwent alar base reduction, followed by insertion of a cartilaginous graft into the marked defect area. ResultsA total number of 54 patients with a defect in the nasal sill area were included in this study. Thirty-one patients underwent open rhinoplasty with the sill approach from the lower third of the columella, while 23 patients underwent rhinoplasty with a nostril base approach for nasal sill augmentation procedure. There were no reports of patient dissatisfaction, infection, bleeding, sensory dysfunction, or remaining asymmetry of the sill area. ConclusionBased on the findings of the present study, this technique can be successfully used in reconstructing the nasal sill area with minimal complications and morbidity.

Biomass Partitioning during the Life Cycle of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Using Regression Models

Mohammad Ali Behdani,Majid Jami Al-Ahmadi,Hamid-Reza Fallahi 한국작물학회 2016 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.19 No.1

In this study saffron biomass partitioning was investigated in the research station of the Saffron Research Group, University of Birjand, Iran during 2009 - 2010. Plant sampling was done 25 times during the crop growth cycle. In each sampling date, the amounts of corm dry weight, root dry weight, root length, leaf dry weight, leaf area, bud number, bud dry weight (nodes on the surface of the corm), and flower weight were measured. Finally, different regression models were tested for predicting biomass partitioning in saffron. The cubic polynomial model was found to be the best for predicting biomass changes in most saffron organs (R2 = ~74%). Total corm dry weight showed a decreasing trend up to the 120th day of plant growth and then increased until the end of the life cycle (mid-May). However, different trends were observed for root and leaf dry weights. Root and leaf dry weight increased up to the 120th and 150th day of the plant growth cycle, respectively, followed then by decreasing trends. Therefore, in the early growing season, leaves and root systems were developed using mother corms reservoirs, but at the end of the growth cycle replacement corms were grown by translocation of reservoirs from other saffron organs. In addition, the number and dry weight of buds had increasing trends during 160 days of measurement from the beginning of the growing season. The total length of roots and leaf area increased up to the middle of the growth cycle (Feb. 10) and then decreased. Moreover, saffron flower yield showed a rapid increasing trend in the first phase of the flowering period and then declined with a slower trend during the second flowering phase.

Prevalence of complications associated with polymer-based alloplastic materials in nasal dorsal augmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Seied Omid Keyhan,Shaqayeq Ramezanzade,Reza Golvardi Yazdi,Mohammad Amin Valipour,Hamid Reza Fallahi,Madjid Shakiba,Mahsa Aeinehvand 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2022 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.44 No.-

Background: Various techniques with different grafts and implants have been proposed to establish a smooth and symmetric nasal dorsum with adequate function. Broadly, two categories of materials have been used in this regard: alloplastic implant materials and autograft materials. The aim of these meta-analyses is to explore the incidence of complications after dorsum augmentation surgery using alloplastic materials. Materials and methods: After duplication removal 491 papers remained that title and abstract were assessed for eligibility. Regarding the study type, 27 observational studies were included, 21 retrospective and 6 prospective case series. A total of 3803 cases were enrolled in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Result: Twenty-seven articles reported on complications and outcomes of dorsal augmentation rhinoplasty with synthetic materials. In a random-effects model, the weighted mean percentage was 2.75% (95% CI 1.61 to 4.17%). the weighted mean percentage were 1.91% (95% CI 0.77 to 3.54%), 0.72% (95% CI 0.316 to 1.31%), and 0.78% (95% CI 0.43 to 1.24%) respectively. Conclusion: The widely used alloplasts were expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), high-density polyethylene, and silicone. The total rates for complications, infection, deviation, irregularity, hematoma, extrusion, and overcorrection were 2.75%, 1.91%, 0.72%, 0.70%, 0.78%, and 0.49%, respectively. The revision rate, based on the random effects model, was 6.40% with 95%CI (3.84 to 9.57). Trial registration: This meta-analysis was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, registration number CRD42 02020 9644).