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      • KCI등재후보

        Seismic response of torsional structures considering the possibility of diaphragm flexibility

        Hamed Eivani,Abdolreza S. Moghadam 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.77 No.4

        Fully rigid floor diaphragm is one of the main assumptions that are widely used in common practices due to its simple application. However, determining the exact degree of diaphragms flexibility cannot be easily accomplished without finite element modeling, which is an expensive and time-consuming procedure. Therefore, it is always possible that apparently rigid diaphragms, based on prescriptive limitations of seismic codes, experience some degrees of flexibility during the earthquakes. Since diaphragm flexibility has more uncertainties in asymmetric-plan structures, this study focuses on errors resulting from probable floor diaphragm flexibility of torsionally restrained structures. The analytical models used in this study were single-story buildings with asymmetric plan and RC shear walls. Although floor system is not considered explicitly, a wide range of considered diaphragm flexibility, from fully rigid to quite flexible, allows the results to be generalizable to a lot of lateral load resisting systems as well as floor systems. It has been shown that in addition to previously known effects of diaphragm flexibility, presence of orthogonal side elements during design procedure with rigid diaphragm assumption and rapid reduction in their absorbed forces can also be an important source to increase errors due to flexibility. Accordingly, from the obtained results the authors suggest designers to consider the possibility of diaphragm flexibility and its adverse effects, especially in torsionally restrained systems in their common designs.

      • A comprehensive study of microstructure development and its corresponding tensile properties in nano/ultrafine-grained metastable austenitic steel during accumulative roll bonding (ARB)

        Jafarian, H.R.,Anijdan, S.H. Mousavi,Eivani, A.R.,Park, N. Elsevier 2017 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.703 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The evolution of microstructure together with mechanical properties change of Fe-28.5Ni steel, used in design of marine and nuclear related products, processed by different deformation amount during ARB process was elaborated by Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) method. EBSD results showed that the initial structure of the material contained retained austenite as the main phase besides martensite phase. Martensite phase was diminished after successive ARB cycles due to reduction of martensite start (M<SUB>s</SUB>) temperature. EBSD microstructural results exhibited that a stabilized nano structure was attained by 6-cycle or 8-cycle of the ARB process with the latter having slightly higher grain size due to the grain growth effect of dynamic restoration mechanism resulting from extreme deformation. Tensile test data on different cycles of ARB processed specimens showed that yield and ultimate tensile strengths were substantially increased after the first cycle of the ARB coinciding with the substantial amount of dislocations in the form of low angle grain boundaries (LAGB). Strengths increased in the successive cycles, though in a much slower pace. Ultra-fine grains were formed instead after high cycles of ARB process. Although such increase in strength generally came at the expense of ductility, the material after 8-cycle had still substantial ductility.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fe-28.5Ni contained two phases of retained austenite and martensite. </LI> <LI> Martensite phase is reduced and austenite stabilized during ARB process. </LI> <LI> A nano grain size structure is developed after severe plastic deformation. </LI> <LI> Extreme deformation slightly increases the grain size by dynamic restoration process. </LI> <LI> Substantial amount of ductility was achieved in SPD due to austenite stabilization. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

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