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Gender Mainstreaming in European Commission Development Policy in Asia : A Transformative Tool?
Petra DEBUSSCHER Ewha Womans University Press 2010 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.16 No.3
This article examines gender mainstreaming in European Commission (EC) development aid to Asian countries through quantitative and qualitative study of program documents. First, gender mainstreaming is assessed as a set of techniques of policy practice focusing on gender mainstreaming language, its place in policy texts and inclusion in budgets and indicators. Next, it is approached as a philosophy or frame of analysis, evaluating its transformative potential and analyzing how the issue of gender (in)equality is tackled. I conclude that gender mainstreaming in EC-Asian relations has flourished as an expert-bureaucratic tool, but its transformative potential has been neglected. The intra-European Union (EU) agenda, as well as the lack of space for Asian civil society voices, are proposed as explanations.
Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcus in Korea
서용수,Usha Srinivasan,오관영,신정환,채정돈,김문영,양재혁,윤혜령,Brady Miller,Joan DeBusscher,Betsy Foxman,기모란 대한의학회 2010 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.25 No.6
The prevalence of group B streptococcus (GBS) among pregnant women and disease burdens in neonates and adults are increasing in Korea. Colonizing isolates,collected by screening pregnant women (n=196), and clinical isolates collected from clinical patients throughout Korea (n=234), were serotyped and screened for antibiotic resistance. Serotype III (29.8%) and V (27.7%) predominated, followed by Ia (17.0%). Antibiotic resistance was higher among clinical than colonizing isolates for erythromycin (35.1% and 26.9%; P=0.10) and for clindamycin (49.4% and 42.1%;P=0.17). erm(B) occurred in 91.9% of erythromycin resistant isolates, and 84.0%of isolates resistant to clindamycin. Only five isolates (4.2%) resistant to erythromycin were susceptible to clindamycin; by contrast, and unique to Korea, 34% of isolates resistant to clindamycin were erythromycin susceptible. Among these 60 erythromycin-susceptible & clindamycin-resistant isolates, 88% was serotype III, and lnu(B)was found in 89% of strains. Four fifths of the serotype V isolates were resistant to both erythromycin and clindamycin. Further characterization of the genetic assembly of these resistance conferring genes, erm(B) and lnu(B), will be useful to establish the clonal lineages of multiple resistance genes carrying strains.
Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcus in Korea
Seo, Yong Soo,Srinivasan, Usha,Oh, Kwan-Young,Shin, Jung-Hwan,Chae, Jeong Don,Kim, Moon Young,Yang, Jae Hyug,Yoon, Hye-Ryung,Miller, Brady,DeBusscher, Joan,Foxman, Betsy,Ki, Moran The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.6
<P>The prevalence of group B streptococcus (GBS) among pregnant women and disease burdens in neonates and adults are increasing in Korea. Colonizing isolates, collected by screening pregnant women (n=196), and clinical isolates collected from clinical patients throughout Korea (n=234), were serotyped and screened for antibiotic resistance. Serotype III (29.8%) and V (27.7%) predominated, followed by Ia (17.0%). Antibiotic resistance was higher among clinical than colonizing isolates for erythromycin (35.1% and 26.9%; <I>P</I>=0.10) and for clindamycin (49.4% and 42.1%; <I>P</I>=0.17). <I>erm</I>(B) occurred in 91.9% of erythromycin resistant isolates, and 84.0% of isolates resistant to clindamycin. Only five isolates (4.2%) resistant to erythromycin were susceptible to clindamycin; by contrast, and unique to Korea, 34% of isolates resistant to clindamycin were erythromycin susceptible. Among these 60 erythromycin-susceptible & clindamycin-resistant isolates, 88% was serotype III, and <I>lnu</I>(B) was found in 89% of strains. Four fifths of the serotype V isolates were resistant to both erythromycin and clindamycin. Further characterization of the genetic assembly of these resistance conferring genes, <I>erm</I>(B) and <I>lnu</I>(B), will be useful to establish the clonal lineages of multiple resistance genes carrying strains.</P>