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Lee, Seung-Yup,Lee, Donghwan,Nam, Cho Rong,Kim, Da Yea,Park, Sera,Kwon, Jun-Gun,Kweon, Yong-Sil,Lee, Youngjo,Kim, Dai Jin,Choi, Jung-Seok AKADEMIRI KIRDO 2018 JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOURAL ADDICTIONS Vol.7 No.2
<P><B>Background and objectives</B></P><P>The ubiquitous Internet connections by smartphones weakened the traditional boundaries between computers and mobile phones. We sought to explore whether smartphone-related problems differ from those of computer use according to gender using latent class analysis (LCA).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>After informed consents, 555 Korean middle-school students completed surveys on gaming, Internet use, and smartphone usage patterns. They also completed various psychosocial instruments. LCA was performed for the whole group and by gender. In addition to ANOVA and χ<SUP>2</SUP> tests, post-hoc tests were conducted to examine differences among the LCA subgroups.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>In the whole group (<I>n</I> = 555), four subtypes were identified: dual-problem users (49.5%), problematic Internet users (7.7%), problematic smartphone users (32.1%), and “healthy” users (10.6%). Dual-problem users scored highest for addictive behaviors and other psychopathologies. The gender-stratified LCA revealed three subtypes for each gender. With dual-problem and healthy subgroup as common, problematic Internet subgroup was classified in the males, whereas problematic smartphone subgroup was classified in the females in the gender-stratified LCA. Thus, distinct patterns were observed according to gender with higher proportion of dual-problem present in males. While gaming was associated with problematic Internet use in males, aggression and impulsivity demonstrated associations with problematic smartphone use in females.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>An increase in the number of digital media-related problems was associated with worse outcomes in various psychosocial scales. Gaming may play a crucial role in males solely displaying Internet-related problems. The heightened impulsivity and aggression seen in our female problematic smartphone users requires further research.</P>
Jang, Eungyeong,Kim, So-Young,Lee, Na-Rae,Yi, Chae-Min,Hong, Da-Rong,Lee, Woo Seok,Kim, Jong-Ho,Lee, Kyung-Tae,Kim, Bum-Joon,Lee, Jang-Hoon,Inn, Kyung-Soo NATIONAL HELLENIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION 2017 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.37 No.1
<P>Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway plays critical roles in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Artemisia capillaris (AC) has been widely used to treat various liver diseases including HCC as a herbal medicine. The effects of AC on IL-6/STAT3 signaling axis in HCC cells and subsequent anticancer activity of AC against HCC were analyzed using HCC cell lines and HBV W4P-LHB-expressing NIH3T3 cell line, which has been shown to gain tumorigenicity by activating IL-6/STAT3 signaling in our previous study. AC extract significantly suppressed the growth and colony formation of HCC cells. In addition, it inhibited the activation of STAT3 by IL-6 and subsequent synthesis of downstream molecules in HCC and W4P-NIH3T3 cells. Consequently, migration of cells was significantly suppressed by the AC extract. Collectively, the findings suggest that AC extract is capable of conferring various antitumor effects against HCC through the modulation of the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. The results provide a basis for the therapeutic use of AC in the treatment of HCC. Identification of the compound responsible for the effect may lead to the development of a novel anticancer agent against HCC.</P>