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- 저자 : Christopher Woodward (검색결과 4 건)
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Christopher Woodward,Josie Smith,Dean Acreman,Nagappan Kumar 한국간담췌외과학회 2019 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.23 No.2
Illicit use of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) is a known problem amongst certain groups including body builders and other athletes. Use of these drugs is thought to be high in some areas of South Wales. A number of adverse effects have been associated with use of AAS including the development of hepatic adenomas. There have been a handful of rare cases of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma following AAS use. We report two such cases presenting to the same surgical centre in South Wales within six months. We do this with reference to data from Public Health Wales, including the Harm Reduction Wales Needle and Syringe provision report, which indicate a particularly high rate of use of AAS in the surrounding area. We believe these cases are important from the public health point of view. They demonstrate a rare and not widely known about, but potentially fatal adverse effect of AAS, now becoming prevalent with the high use of these drugs. This is important for doctors to be aware of, but also could form the focus of a public health campaign targeted at AAS users.
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Comparisons between seabed and free surface effects on underwater vehicle hydrodynamics
Ling Xavier,Leong Zhi Quan,Chin Christopher,Woodward Michael,Duffy Jonathan 대한조선학회 2022 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.14 No.1
This paper presents a numerical study on the hydrodynamic coefficients of the DARPA SUBOFF hull when deeply submerged and near the seabed. The CFD-based model was validated with experimental data, namely experiments involving the SUBOFF and BB2 undergoing straight-ahead motion near the free surface and the SUBOFF only when deeply submerged at drift angles without the influence of either the free surface or the seabed. The validated model was used to investigate the effects of the seabed's effect on the hydrodynamic behaviour of the SUBOFF across a range of speeds, drift angles, and submergence depths. The results were then compared to operations near the free surface. The results show that the seabed has a smaller influence on the hydrodynamic coefficients compared to the free surface. Also, the hydrodynamic coefficients do not vary with Froude number when near the seabed but do vary with Froude number when near the free surface.
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High frequency <i>in situ</i> fatigue response of Ni-base superalloy René-N5 microcrystals
Lavenstein, Steven,Crawford, Bryan,Sim, Gi-Dong,Shade, Paul A.,Woodward, Christopher,El-Awady, Jaafar A. Elsevier 2018 Acta materialia Vol.144 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A novel <I>in situ</I> scanning electron microscope (SEM), high frequency fatigue testing methodology is developed using a combination of laser milling, focused ion beam fabrication and nanoindentation. This methodology is used to investigate crack initiation, propagation, fracture, fatigue life, and the mechanical response of microcantilever samples of a Ni-based superalloy (René-N5) under different cyclic strain amplitudes. The crack initiation and propagation in the microcantilever is monitored by observing changes in the beam's dynamic stiffness and continuous SEM imaging. The dynamic stiffness response of the micro-beams exhibits a transition from softening to hardening at a critical strain amplitude of 7 × <SUP> 10 − 3 </SUP> . Theoretical analysis indicates that this transition corresponds to the stress required to shear <SUP> γ ′ </SUP> precipitates. SEM imaging reveals the evolution of significant extrusions, intrusions, and slip traces during cyclic loading above this critical strain amplitude. Below this strain amplitude, very little surface roughening is observed. In addition, the measured dynamic stiffness is observed to exhibit two regimes of decrease after crack initiation. These two regimes correspond to short and large crack propagation. Finally, an overall increase in fatigue life is observed when comparing to bulk scale experiments on nickel-base superalloys. It is proposed that this is an inherent size effect in the small-volume, single crystal specimens tested.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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A Soluble ‘Ba(Ni-ett)’ (ett = 1,1,2,2-ethenetetrathiolate) Derived Thermoelectric Material
Yaoyang Hu,Geoffrey Rivers,Michael P. Weir,David B. Amabilino,Christopher J. Tuck,Ricky D. Wildman,Oleg Makarovsky,Simon Woodward 대한금속·재료학회 2024 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.20 No.2
We describe the synthesis and characterisation of the fi rst of a new class of soluble ladder oligomeric thermoelectric materialbased on previously unutilised ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrasulfonic acid. Reaction of Ba(OH) 2 and propionic acid at a 1:1 stoichiometryleads to the formation of the previously unrecognised soluble [Ba(OH)(O 2 CEt)] H 2 O. The latter when used to hydrolyse1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene-2,5-dione (TPD), in the presence of NiCl 2 , forms a new material whose elemental compositionis in accord with the formula [(EtCO 2 Ba) 4 Ni 8 {(O 3 S) 2 C = C(SO 3 ) 2 } 5 ] 22H 2 O ( 4 ). Compound 4 can be pressed into pellets,drop-cast as DMSO solutions or ink-jet printed (down to sub-mm resolutions). While its room temperature thermoelectricproperties are modest (σ max 0.04 S cm −1 and Seebeck coeffi cient, α max − 25.8 μV K −1 ) we introduce a versatile new oligomericmaterial that opens new possible synthetic routes for n-type thermoelectrics.
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