http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
- 中文 을 입력하시려면 zhongwen을 입력하시고 space를누르시면됩니다.
- 北京 을 입력하시려면 beijing을 입력하시고 space를 누르시면 됩니다.
RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Christopher S. Lai (검색결과 3 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
-
Regulation of Algorithmic Tools in the United States
Christopher S. Yoo,Alicia Lai 서울대학교 공익산업법센터 2020 경제규제와 법 Vol.13 No.2
Policymakers in the United States have just begun to address regulation of artificial intelligence technologies in recent years, gaining momentum through calls for additional research funding, piece-meal guidance, proposals, and legislation at all levels of government. This Article provides an overview of high-level federal initiatives for general artificial intelligence (AI) applications set forth by the U.S. president and responding agencies, early indications from the incoming Biden Administration, targeted federal initiatives for sector-specific AI applications, pending federal legislative proposals, and state and local initiatives. The regulation of the algorithmic ecosystem will continue to evolve as the United States continues to search for the right balance between ensuring public safety and transparency and promoting innovation and competitiveness on the global stage.
-
Christopher S. Yoo,Alicia Lai,권헌영(감수) 서울대학교 공익산업법센터 2020 경제규제와 법 Vol.13 No.2
미국의 정책결정자들은 최근 몇 년 간 AI를 규제하기 시작했으며, 추가적인 연구 자금지원, 모든 정부 차원에서의 단편적 지침, 제안, 입법을 촉구하여 모멘텀을 얻고 있다. 본 보고서는 미국 대통령과 대응 당국들이 수립한 일반적인 AI 적용에 대한 고도의 연방 이니셔티브, 새로 취임할 바이든 정부의 조기 지시사항, 특정 부문 AI 적용을 목표로 하는 연방 이니셔티브, 계류 중인 연방 입법안, 주와 지방 이니셔티브를 다룬다. 미국이 공공 안전성 및 투명성 확보와 글로벌 경쟁력혁신 촉진 사이에서 바람직한 균형을 추구해 나감에 따라 알고리즘 생태계 규제는 계속적으로 진화해 나갈 것이다.
-
Scott L. Zuckerman,Christopher S. Lai,Yong Shen,Mena G. Kerolus,Alex S. Ha,Ian A. Buchanan,Nathan J. Lee,Eric Leung,Meghan Cerpa,Ronald A. Lehman,Lawrence G. Lenke 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.3
Objective: To evaluate the effect of coronal alignment on: (1) surgical invasiveness and operative complexity and (2) postoperative complications. Methods: A retrospective, cohort study of adult spinal deformity patients was conducted. Alignment groups were: (1) neutral alignment (NA): coronal vertical axis (CVA)≤3 cm and sagittal vertical axis (SVA)≤5 cm; (2) coronal malalignment (CM) only: CVA>3 cm; (3) Sagittal malalignment (SM) only: SVA>5 cm; and (4) coronal and sagittal malalignment (CCSM): CVA>3 cm and SVA>5 cm. Results: Of 243 patients, alignment groups were: NA 115 (47.3%), CM 48 (19.8%), SM 38 (15.6%), and CCSM 42 (17.3%). Total instrumented levels (TILs) were highest in CM (14.5±3.7) and CCSM groups (14±4.0) (p<0.001). More 3-column osteotomies (3COs) were performed in SM (21.1%) and CCSM (28.9%) groups than CM (10.4%) (p=0.003). CM patients had more levels instrumented (p=0.029), posterior column osteotomies (PCOs) (p<0.001), and TLIFs (p=0.002) than SM patients. CCSM patients had more TLIFs (p=0.012) and higher estimated blood loss (EBL) (p=0.003) than SM patients. CVA displayed a stronger relationship with TIL (p=0.002), EBL (p<0.001), and operative time (p<0.001) than SVA, which had only one significant association with EBL (p=0.010). Both SM/CCSM patients had higher readmissions (p=0.003) and reoperations (p<0.001) than CM patients. Conclusion: Amount of preoperative CM was a better predictor of surgical invasiveness than the amount of SM, despite 3COs more commonly performed in SM patients. CM patients had more instrumented levels, PCOs, and TLIFs than SM patients.
연관 검색어 추천
이 검색어로 많이 본 자료
활용도 높은 자료
