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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Christopher D.Todd (검색결과 5 건)
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Beliefs of University Employees Leaving During a Fire Alarm: A Theory-based Belief Elicitation
Owens Christopher,Le Aurora B.,Smith Todd D.,Middlestadt Susan E. 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2023 Safety and health at work Vol.14 No.2
Background: Despite workplaces having policies on fire evacuation, many employees still fail to evacuate when there is a fire alarm. The Reasoned Action Approach is designed to reveal the beliefs underlying people's behavioral decisions and thus suggests causal determinants to be addressed with interventions designed to facilitate behavior. This study is a uses a Reasoned Action Approach salient belief elicitation to identify university employees' perceived advantages/disadvantages, approvers/disapprovers, and facilitators/barriers toward them leaving the office building immediately the next time they hear a fire alarm at work. Methods: Employees at a large public United States Midwestern university completed an online cross-sectional survey. A descriptive analysis of the demographic and background variables was completed, and a six-step inductive content analysis of the open-ended responses was conducted to identify beliefs about leaving during a fire alarm. Results: Regarding consequence, participants perceived that immediately leaving during a fire alarm at work had more disadvantages than advantages, such as low risk perception. Regarding referents, supervisors and coworkers were significant approvers with intention to leave immediately. None of the perceived advantages were significant with intention. Participants listed access and risk perception as significant circumstances with the intention to evacuate immediately. Conclusion: Norms and risk perceptions are key determinants that may influence employees to evacuate immediately during a fire alarm at work. Normative-based and attitude-based interventions may prove effective in increasing the fire safety practices of employees.
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Kang, Songsu,Todd, Alexander D.,Paul, Abhijit,Lee, Stanfield Y.,Bielawski, Christopher W. American Chemical Society 2018 Macromolecules Vol.51 No.15
<P>A series of well-defined poly(phenylene ethynylene)s (PPEs) comprised of <I>para</I>- and/or <I>meta</I>-substituted monomers was synthesized and characterized. With use of a modified catalyst transfer method, the requisite polymerization reactions were found to proceed in a chain growth manner which enabled control over polymer molecular weight while maintaining a low polydispersity. In addition, varying the monomer feed ratio afforded copolymers with tunable regiochemistry and consequent electronic properties. The methodology was found to be general and successfully combined with an isocyanide polymerization reaction to prepare the respective diblock copolymers. With use of differential scanning calorimetry in conjunction with atomic force microscopy, the copolymers were found to adopt ordered, phase-separated morphologies in the solid state.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
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Harnessing the chemistry of graphene oxide
Dreyer, Daniel R.,Todd, Alexander D.,Bielawski, Christopher W. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Chemical Society reviews Vol.43 No.15
<P>Our understanding of the fundamental structure and bonding of graphene oxide (GO) as well as the scope of its utility have grown tremendously over the past decade. As a result, the pace of research efforts directed toward this carbon material continues to increase. Contemporary application now intersects a variety of disciplines and includes heterogeneous catalysis, flow reactor technologies, biomedicine and biotechnology, polymer composites, energy storage, and chemical sensors. Advances in these areas have been buoyed by improvements in the methods used to synthesize and characterize GO, as well as functionalized derivatives thereof. While the diverse uses of GO have been reviewed previously, herein we provide an overview of some of the most recent and significant developments in the field. A brief overview of GO's synthesis and characterization is also provided as well as several recently proposed structural models. The inherent reactivity of GO is described in the context of catalysis, and the utilization of GO's reactive oxygen groups and carbon framework to prepare functionalized derivatives is also discussed. Finally, we provide an outlook of potential areas where GO, its derivatives, and related materials may be expected to find utility or opportunity for further growth and study.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The chemistry of graphene oxide is revisited, and includes an update on recent developments and potential applications. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cs00060a'> </P>
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Shawn W. Gibson,Alix J. Conway,Zhifu Zheng,Tina M. Uchacz,Janet L. Taylor,Christopher D.Todd 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.5
In the plant cytoplasm signals from multiple sources interact to control development. Lateral root proliferation is controlled by the antagonistic action of the hormones auxin and abscisic acid (ABA). Auxin stimulates the separation of pericycle initials and cell expansion. ABA is required for lateral root initiation and elongation and acts as an antagonist through auxin-dependent pathways. These hormones also mediate reactive oxygen species (ROS)accumulation in growing roots and promote cell expansion. We describe the isolation and characterization of a copperand auxin-induced gene, COPPER INDUCED in LEAVES (CIL1), from Brassica carinata. Transgenic B. carinata seedlings expressing antisense CIL1 were used to determine the biological function of this gene. Lines with reduced CIL1expression showed a decrease in lateral root development, as well as reduced sensitivity to auxin and ABA. Steady-state analysis of redox components showed a decrease in NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity,accompanied by an increase in hydrogen peroxide concentration. GFP-tagged CIL1 accumulated at the plasma membrane and in the apoplast indicating CIL1 is likely extracellular. From these data we propose that CIL1 is an extracellular protein involved in ROS cycling mediating auxin and ABA signals.
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