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Synthesis, Structure, and Metalation of Two New Highly Porous Zirconium Metal–Organic Frameworks
Morris, William,Volosskiy, Boris,Demir, Selcuk,Gá,ndara, Felipe,McGrier, Psaras L.,Furukawa, Hiroyasu,Cascio, Duilio,Stoddart, J. Fraser,Yaghi, Omar M. American Chemical Society 2012 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.51 No.12
<P>Three new metal–organic frameworks [MOF-525, Zr<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>(OH)<SUB>4</SUB>(TCPP-H<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>; MOF-535, Zr<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>(OH)<SUB>4</SUB>(XF)<SUB>3</SUB>; MOF-545, Zr<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB>(H<SUB>2</SUB>O)<SUB>8</SUB>(TCPP-H<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>, where porphyrin H<SUB>4</SUB>-TCPP-H<SUB>2</SUB> = (C<SUB>48</SUB>H<SUB>24</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) and cruciform H<SUB>4</SUB>-XF = (C<SUB>42</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB>H<SUB>22</SUB>)] based on two new topologies, <B>ftw</B> and <B>csq</B>, have been synthesized and structurally characterized. MOF-525 and -535 are composed of Zr<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>(OH)<SUB>4</SUB> cuboctahedral units linked by either porphyrin (MOF-525) or cruciform (MOF-535). Another zirconium-containing unit, Zr<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB>(H<SUB>2</SUB>O)<SUB>8</SUB>, is linked by porphyrin to give the MOF-545 structure. The structure of MOF-525 was obtained by analysis of powder X-ray diffraction data. The structures of MOF-535 and -545 were resolved from synchrotron single-crystal data. MOF-525, -535, and -545 have Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas of 2620, 1120, and 2260 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g, respectively. In addition to their large surface areas, both porphyrin-containing MOFs are exceptionally chemically stable, maintaining their structures under aqueous and organic conditions. MOF-525 and -545 were metalated with iron(III) and copper(II) to yield the metalated analogues without losing their high surface area and chemical stability.</P><P>Within this paper, three new metal−organic frameworks are synthesized and structurally characterized, MOF-525, -535, and -545, based on two new topologies, <B>ftw</B> and <B>csq</B>. MOF-525 has the highest Brunauer−Emmett−Teller surface area and MOF-545 has the largest pores of any zirconium-based MOF, 2620 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g and 36 Å, respectively. Most importantly, MOF-525 and -545 contain porphyrin sites, which are metalated with copper(II) and iron(III).</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2012/inocaj.2012.51.issue-12/ic300825s/production/images/medium/ic-2012-00825s_0002.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic300825s'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Mina Hasman,Jiejing Zhou,Alice Guarisco,Nicholas Chan,Alessandro Beghini,Zhaofan Li,Michael Cascio,Yasemin Kologlu Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2023 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.12 No.2
Cities cover only 3% of the planet's surface, yet they are responsible for more than 75% of the global emissions. Given the projected urban built area will double by 2060, the carbon emitted from cities will further increase. SOM proposes the Urban Sequoia concept, for buildings that go beyond 'net zero' and absorb carbon from the atmosphere. This concept combines multiple strategies, including the use of an optimised building form with a highly efficient structural system, modularized prefabrication techniques, holistic integration of facade, MEP and interiors' components, bio-based materials, and Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology, to reduce a 40-storey building's whole life cycle carbon emissions by more than 300% over a 100-year lifespan. Calculations of embodied carbon emissions are performed with SOM's in-house Environmental Analysis (EA) Tool to demonstrate the effectiveness of employing Urban Sequoia's design strategies in the design of new buildings using current technologies.