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Urban Air Quality Studies in India: Status and Opportunities
Bhola Ram Gurjar,Aromal Thampan,Gaurav Kumar 한국대기환경학회 2021 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
Over the years, there has been a massive-scale expansion in industries, population density, anthropogenic activities, and the increased use of automobiles that have degraded the urban air quality in India. As per a WHO report, 10 out of the 20 most populated cities in the world are in India. Based on the concentrations of PM2.5 emissions, India was ranked the fifth most polluted country by WHO (2019), in which 21 among the top 30 polluted cities were in India. Several studies have been conducted to assess the urban emissions and air quality in India. For example, Gurjar, Aardenne, Lelieveld, et al. (2004) framed a comprehensive emission inventory model to understand the emission trends in Delhi, India"s capital, for a period from 1990 to 2000. A Vehicular Air Pollution Inventory (VAPI) model was formulated by Nagpure and Gurjar (2012) that could estimate the vehicular emissions from road traffic in Indian cities. Later, Gurjar, Nagpure, and Kumar (2015) evaluated the potential gaseous emissions from the agricultural wetlands of megacity Delhi. Further, several policy measures have been taken by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Govt. of India to tackle the adverse effects of air emissions in short and long terms. This paper will present a comprehensive review to understand the current status and opportunities in relation to emissions and air quality in the context of Indian cities.
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